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尿路感染及肾盂肾炎的近代治疗

国际泌尿系统杂志 1987年第3期 38-40页

作者： lawrence R m 王莹

尿路感染(UTIs)发病率很高,但理想的治疗仍有争论。新抗菌药能有效地治疗UTIs,一些药物将代替具有肾毒性的氨基糖甙抗生素。UTIs治疗的成功与否,取决于药物的有效抗菌浓度及细菌对药物的敏感性,通常要求尿药浓度高于血者。理论上认为,... 详细信息

尿路感染(UTIs)发病率很高,但理想的治疗仍有争论。新抗菌药能有效地治疗UTIs,一些药物将代替具有肾毒性的氨基糖甙抗生素。UTIs治疗的成功与否,取决于药物的有效抗菌浓度及细菌对药物的敏感性,通常要求尿药浓度高于血者。理论上认为,应用杀菌剂更为可取,但尚无确切的证据说明杀菌剂优于抑菌剂。本文旨在讨论UTIs的治疗进展,包括妇女急性尿痛、肾盂肾炎、前列腺炎和无症状性菌尿。

关键词：抗菌药物治疗衣原体 TmP 尿路感染肾盂肾炎肾盂疾病亚胺硫霉素前列腺炎前列腺疾病尿道炎尿道疾病葡萄球菌 SmZ

Reimagining large river management using the Resist-Accept-Direct(RAD)framework in the Upper mississippi River

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Ecological Processes 2023年第1期12卷 645-664页

作者： Nicole K.Ward Abigail J.Lynch Erik A.Beever Joshua Booker Kristen L.Bouska Holly Embke Jeffrey N.Houser John F.Kocik Joshua Kocik David J.lawrence mary Grace Lemon Doug Limpinsel madeline R.magee Bryan m.maitland Owen mcKenna Andrew meier John m.morton Jeffrey D.muehlbauer Robert Newman Devon C.Oliver Heidi m.Rantala Greg G.Sass Aaron Shultz Laura m.Thompson Jennifer L.Wilkening minnesota Department of Natural Resources Lake CityMN 55041USA U.S.Geological Survey National Climate Adaptation Science CenterRestonVA 22041USA U.S.Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain Science CenterBozemanMT 59715USA Department of Ecology Montana State UniversityBozemanMT 59715USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service National Wildlife Refuge SystemOak HarborOH 43449USA U.S.Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences CenterLa CrosseWI 54603USA U.S.Geological Survey Midwest Climate Adaptation Science CenterSt.PaulMN 55108USA NOAA NEFSC OronoME 04473USA University of Nebraska-Lincoln LincolnNE 68503USA National Park Service Climate Change Response ProgramFort CollinsCO 80525USA U.S.Fish and Wild-life Service National Wildlife Refuge SystemBloomingtonMN 55437USA Habitat Conservation Division NOAAAlaska RegionAnchorageAK 99513USA Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources MadisonWI 53703USA Aquatic Sciences Center Center for LimnologyUW-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA U.S.Geological Survey Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center and Midwest Climate Adaptation Science CenterJamestownND 58401USA U.S.Army Corps of Engineers La CrescentMN 55947USA Alaska Wildlife Alliance AnchorageAK 99520USA U.S.Geological Survey Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitUniversity of Alaska FairbanksFairbanksAK 99775USA University of North Dakota Grand ForksND 58202USA minnesota Department of Natural Resources DuluthMN 55804USA Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Boulder JunctionWI 54512USA Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission(GLIFWC) OdanahWI 54861USA U.S.Geological Survey National Climate Adaptation Science Centerand School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service National Wildlife Refuge SystemFort CollinsCO 80526USA

Background Large-river decision-makers are charged with maintaining diverse ecosystem services through unprec-edented social-ecological transformations as climate change and other global stressors *** interconnected,dendritic habitats of rivers,which often demarcate jurisdictional boundaries,generate complex management ***,we explore how the Resist–Accept–Direct(RAD)framework may enhance large-river management by promoting coordinated and deliberate responses to social-ecological trajectories of *** RAD frame-work identifies the full decision space of potential management approaches,wherein managers may resist change to maintain historical conditions,accept change toward different conditions,or direct change to a specified future with novel *** the Upper mississippi River System,managers are facing social-ecological transformations from more frequent and extreme high-water *** illustrate how RAD-informed basin-,reach-,and site-scale decisions could:(1)provide cross-spatial scale framing;(2)open the entire decision space of potential management approaches;and(3)enhance coordinated inter-jurisdictional management in response to the trajectory of the Upper mississippi River *** The RAD framework helps identify plausible long-term trajectories in different reaches(or subbasins)of the river and how the associated social-ecological transformations could be managed by altering site-scale *** reach-scale objectives may reprioritize how,where,and when site conditions could be altered to contribute to the basin goal,given the basin’s plausible trajectories of change(e.g.,by coordinating action across sites to alter habitat connectivity,diversity,and redundancy in the river mosaic).Conclusions When faced with long-term systemic transformations(e.g.,>50 years),the RAD framework helps explicitly consider whether or when the basin vision or goals may no longer be achievable,and direct options may open y

关键词： Ecosystem management Transformation Social-ecological system Anthropocene Climate change Basin planning Cross-scale interactions

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Therapeutic effect of Qingyi decoction in severe acute pancreatitis-induced intestinal barrier injury

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第12期21卷 3537-3546页

作者： Jing-Wen Zhang Gui-Xin Zhang Hai-Long Chen Ge-Liang Liu lawrence Owusu Yu-Xi Wang Guan-Yu Wang Cai-ming Xu Department of Surgery The First Affiliated Hospital Dalian Medical University Department of Surgery The Second Affiliated Hospital Dalian Medical University

AIm: To investigate the effect of Qingyi decoction onthe expression of secreted phospholipase A2(s PLA2) in intestinal barrier ***: Fifty healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control, severe acute pancreatitis(SAP), Qingyi decoction-treated(QYT), dexamethasonetreated(DEX), and verapamil-treated(VER) groups. The SAP model was induced by retrograde infusion of 1.5% sodium deoxycholate into the biliopancreatic duct of the rats. All rats were sacrificed 24 h post-SAP induction. Arterial blood, intestine, and pancreas from each rat were harvested for investigations. The levels of serum amylase(AmY) and diamine oxidase(DAO) were determined using biochemical methods, and serum tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α level was measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Pathologic changes in the harvested tissues were investigated by microscopic examination of hematoxylin and eosinstained tissue sections. The expressions of s PLA2 at m RNA and protein levels were detected by reverse transcriptase PCR and Western blot, respectively. A terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated d UTP nick-end labeling assay was used to investigate apoptosis of epithelial cells in the intestinal tissues. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, the expression of s PLA2 at both the m RNA and protein levels increased significantly in the SAP group(0.36 ± 0.13 vs 0.90 ± 0.38, and 0.16 ± 0.05 vs 0.64 ± 0.05, respectively; P s mY, TNF-α and DAO in serum were also significantly increased(917 ± 62 U/L vs 6870 ± 810 U/L, 59.7 ± 14.3 ng/L vs 180.5 ± 20.1 ng/L, and 10.37 ± 2.44 U/L vs 37.89 ± 5.86 U/L, respectively; P s m levels of DAO and TNF-α, and the intestinal apoptosis index significantly correlated with s PLA2 expression in the intestine(r = 0.895, 0.893 and 0.926, respectively; Ps

关键词： Intestinal barrier injury Qingyi decoction Secrete

Hepatic decompensation/serious adverse events in post-liver transplantation recipients on sofosbuvir for recurrent hepatitis C virus

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第9期22卷 2844-2854页

作者： Neal Patel Kian Bichoupan lawrence Ku Rachana Yalamanchili Alyson Harty Donald Gardenier michel Ng David motamed Viktoriya Khaitova Nancy Bach Charissa Chang Priya Grewal meena Bansal Ritu Agarwal lawrence Liu Gene Im Jennifer Leong Leona Kim-Schluger Joseph Odin Jawad Ahmad Scott Friedman Douglas Dieterich Thomas Schiano Ponni Perumalswami Andrea Branch Division of Liver Diseases Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Recanati miller Transplant Institute Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

AIm: To determine the safety profile of new hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments in liver transplant (LT) recipients with recurrent HCV ***: Forty-two patients were identified with recurrent HCV infection that underwent LT at least 12 mo prior to initiating treatment with a Sofosbuvir-based regimen during December 2013-June 2014. Cases were patients who experienced hepatic decompensation and/or serious adverse events (SAE) during or within one month of completing treatment. Controls had no evidence of hepatic decompensation and/or SAE. HIV-infected patients were excluded. Cumulative incidence of decompensation/SAE was calculated using the Kaplan meier method. Exact logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the composite ***: median age of the 42 patients was 60 years [Interquartile Range (IQR): 56-65 years], 33% (14/42) were female, 21% (9/42) were Hispanic, and 9% (4/42) were Black. The median time from transplant to treatment initiation was 5.4 years (IQR: 2.1-8.8 years). Thirteen patients experienced one or more episodes of hepatic decompensation and/or SAE. Anemia requiring transfusion, the most common event, occurred in 62% (8/13) patients, while 54% (7/13) decompensated. The cumulative incidence of hepatic decompensation/SAE was 31% (95%CI: 16%-41%). Risk factors for decompensation/SAE included lower pre-treatment hemoglobin (OR = 0.61 per g/dL, 95%CI: 0.40-0.88, P mated glomerular filtration rate (OR = 0.95 per mL/min per 1.73 m2, 95%CI: 0.90-0.99, P = 0.01), and higher baseline serum total bilirubin (OR = 2.43 per mg/dL, 95%CI: 1.17-8.65, P management of anemia remains an important clinical challenge.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Sofosbuvir Ribavirin Anemia Hepatic decompensation Serious adverse event Liver transplant

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世界精油生产的回顾<1984>

香料香精化妆品 1987年第4期 33-44+51页

作者： Brian.m.lawrence 吴关良

目前世界派超力油生产情况如何?巴拉圭出产多少橙叶油?干早、台风或反常低温,是否已危及埃及香叶油,印度玫瑰草油,印尼肉豆蔻油或美国甜橙油而造成其短期或长期的缺供?穗熏衣草有否减产,下降多少?中国的黄樟油能替代巴西黄樟油吗?这些以

关键词：产量精油巴西萜类化合物南美洲柏木油香油橙叶油亚洲薄荷油

Agronomic Practices and macronutrients Status of Different Age Groups of Smallholder Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Plantations in Dibombari Sub-Division, Cameroon

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第10期14卷 1444-1464页

作者： James m. Kundu Godswill A. Asongwe lawrence m. Ndam David T. Agbor Aaron S. Tening Raymond N. Nkongho Department of Agronomic and Applied molecular Sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon Department of Environmental Science Faculty of Science University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Faculty of Agriculture Ondokuz Mayis University Samsun Turkey Department of Food Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine University of Buea Buea South West Region Cameroon

Oil palm is cultivated by agro-industries and smallholders for vegetable oil production. Good farm management practices with balanced soil and plant macronutrients are needed to attain optimum yields. Smallholder oil palm farmers of Dibombari Sub-Division, Cameroon, suffer from low on farm yields which could emanate from the agronomic practices implemented, which also has an influence on the soil and plant macronutrient status. This study provides information on the agronomic practices, soil and plant macronutrients status in smallholder oil palm fields. Structured questionnaires were administered to 200 farmers to collect data on their agronomic practices, using a stratified random sampling design. Soil and plants were sampled from plantations of different age groups (control, >0 - 4 years, >4 - 8 years and >8 - 15 years’ plantations) in four locations of the Sub-Division (i.e. Dibombari-central, Bonamateke, Bomono and Nkapa) using a randomized complete block design. Data collected, was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that 65% of farmers planted Tenera variety, with majority of them below the standards for weeding (81%), fertilizer use (100%), pruning (62%), pest/disease control (90.5%) and harvesting (96%) practices. Soil macronutrients were low across the different plantations except P which was optimal at >0 - 4 years and >4 - 8 years’ plantations but low at >8 - 15 years’ plantation. Similarly, for plant macronutrients, N and P were optimal across the different plantations, while K and mg were optimal at >0 - 4 years’ plantation but low at >4 - 8 years and >8 - 15 years’ plantations. Thus, agronomic practices and macronutrient status of soil and plants were below standards in smallholder oil palm plantations of Dibombari, leading to low yields of fresh fruit bunches.

关键词： Smallholders Oil Palm Plantations Agronomic Practices Soil and Plant macronutrients

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“宇宙学的革命”专题报告之二宇宙反引力

世界科学 2000年第2期 9-12页

作者： lawrence m.Krauss,何常凯斯西部保留地大学物理系

Spatiotemporal Analysis of the Effect of Ozone and Fine Particulate on CVD Emergency Room Visits in Harris County, Texas

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Open Journal of Air Pollution 2014年第4期3卷 87-99页

作者： Faye Anderson Arch Carson lawrence Whitehead Keith Burau Texas A & m AgriLIFE Research Center at Beaumont Texas USA

Researchers have reported statistically significant associations between air pollutants and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have investigated the acute cardiovascular effects of joint exposure to Ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (Pm2.5) in a location so distinctive like Harris County. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the joint exposure to O3 and Pm2.5, and emergency room diagnosis of CVD, in Harris County, Texas. Data used include all emergency room (ER) visits, and O3 and Pm2.5 levels in the same years. Logistic regression modeled the effect of temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, wind, ozone, and fine particulate matter, averaged by day. Three models were estimated for all visits, visits during the months of April and September of 2005 and 2009, and for visits for patients from zip codes that are close to monitoring stations. A 1 μg/m3 increase in Pm2.5 was associated with a 0.4% increase in the odds of cardiovascular disease emergency room diagnoses on the same day

关键词： Cardiovascular Disease Air Pollution Emergency Harris County Ozone Particulate Pollution