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Cannabinoids function in defense against chewing herbivores in Cannabis sativa L.

Horticulture Research 2023年第11期10卷 131-140页

作者： George M.Stack Stephen I.Snyder Jacob A.Toth Michael A.Quade Jamie L.Crawford John K.McKay John Nicholas Jackowetz Ping Wang Glenn Philippe Julie L.Hansen Virginia M.Moore Jocelyn K.C.Rose lawrence b.smart Horticulture Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGenevaNY 14456United States Plant biology Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853United States Plant breeding Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853United States Department of Agricultural biology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523United States Cirona Labs GenevaNY 14456United States Department of Entomology Cornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGenevaNY 14456United States

In the decades since the first cannabinoids were identified by scientists,research has focused almost exclusively on the function and capacity of cannabinoids asmedicines and intoxicants for humans and other *** little is knownabout the adaptive value of cannabinoid production,though several hypotheses have been proposed including protection from ultraviolet radiation,pathogens,and *** test the prediction that genotypeswith greater concentrations of cannabinoidswill have reduced herbivory,a segregating F2 population of Cannabis sativa was leveraged to conduct lab-and field-based bioassays investigating the function of cannabinoids in mediating interactions with chewing *** the field,foliar cannabinoid concentration was inversely correlated with chewing herbivore *** detached leaves,Trichoplusia ni larvae consumed less leaf area and grew less when feeding on leaves with greater concentrations of *** electron and light microscopy were used to characterize variation in glandular trichome ***-free genotypes had trichomes that appeared *** isolate cannabinoids from confounding factors,artificial insect diet was amended with cannabinoids in a range of physiologically relevant *** grew less and had lower rates of survival as cannabinoid concentration *** results support the hypothesis that cannabinoids function in defense against chewing herbivores.

关键词： function founding ultraviolet

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Integrative genomics reveals paths to sex dimorphism in Salix purpurea L

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Horticulture Research 2021年第1期8卷 2305-2318页

作者： brennan Hyden Craig H.Carlson Fred E.Gouker Jeremy Schmutz Kerrie barry Anna Lipzen Aditi Sharma Laura Sandor Gerald A.Tuskan Guanqiao Feng Matthew S.Olson Stephen P.DiFazio lawrence b.smart Horticulture Section School of Integrative Plant ScienceCornell UniversityCornell AgriTechGenevaNYUSA Floral and Nursery Plants Research Unit US National ArboretumUnited States Department of AgricultureAgricultural Research ServiceBeltsvilleMDUSA United States Department of Energy Joint Genome InstituteBerkeleyCAUSA HudsonAlpha Institute for biotechnology HuntsvilleALUSA The Center for bioenergy Innovation Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTNUSA Department of biology Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Department of biology West Virginia UniversityMorgantownWVUSA

Sex dimorphism and gene expression were studied in developing catkins in 159 F 2 individuals from the bioenergy crop Salix purpurea,and potential mechanisms and pathways for regulating sex development were *** expression,eQTL,bisulfite sequencing,and network analysis were used to characterize sex dimorphism,detect candidate master regulator genes,and identify pathways through which the sex determination region(SDR)may mediate sex *** genes are presented as candidates for master regulators of sex,supported by gene expression and network *** include genes putatively involved in hormone signaling,epigenetic modification,and regulation of *** analysis revealed a suite of transcription factors and genes involved in secondary metabolism and floral development that were predicted to be under direct control of the sex determination ***,data from bisulfite sequencing and small RNA sequencing revealed strong differences in expression between males and females that would implicate both of these processes in sex dimorphism *** data indicate that the mechanism of sex determination in Salix purpurea is likely different from that observed in the related genus *** further demonstrates the dynamic nature of SDRs in plants,which involves a multitude of mechanisms of sex determination and a high rate of turnover.

关键词： purpurea metabolism likely

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The Protocol of Ultrasonic backscatter Measurements of Musculoskeletal Properties

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Phenomics 2024年第1期4卷 72-80页

作者： Dongsheng bi Lingwei Shi boyi Li Ying Li Chengcheng Liu lawrence HLe Jingchun Luo Sijia Wang Dean Ta Center for biomedical Engineering School of InformationScience and TechnologyFudan University2005 SonghuRoadYangpu DistrictShanghai 200438China Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G2B7Canada Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai 201203China Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Chinese Academyof SciencesShanghai 200031China

This study aims to introduce the protocol for ultrasonic backscatter measurements of musculoskeletal properties based on a novel ultrasonic backscatter bone diagnostic(UbbD)***-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)can be adopted to measure bone mineral density(bMD)in the hip,spine,legs and the whole *** muscle and fat mass in the legs and the whole body can be also calculated by DXA body composition *** on the proposed protocol for backscatter measurements by UbbD,ultrasonic backscatter signals can be measured in vivo,deriving three backscatter parameters[apparent integral backscatter(AIb),backscatter signal peak amplitude(bSPA)and the corresponding arrival time(bSPT)].AIb may provide important diagnostic information about bone *** and bSPT may be important indicators of muscle and fat *** standardized backscatter measurement protocol of the UbbD instrument may have the potential to evaluate musculoskeletal characteristics,providing help for promoting the application of the backscatter technique in the clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs),such as osteoporosis and muscular atrophy.

关键词： Ultrasonic backscatter Musculoskeletal disorders bone mineral density Muscle mass Fat mass

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smart mid-infrared metasurface microspectrometer gas sensing system

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第3期10卷 273-281页

作者： Jiajun Meng Sivacarendran balendhran Ylias Sabri Suresh K.bhargava Kenneth b.Crozier School of Physics University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Australian Research Council(ARC)Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems(TMOS) University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia Centre for Advanced Materials&Industrial Chemistry(CAMIC) STEM collegeRMIT UniversityVictoriaAustralia Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of MelbourneVictoriaAustralia

smart,low-cost and portable gas sensors are highly desired due to the importance of air quality monitoring for environmental and defense-related ***,electrochemical and nondispersive infrared(IR)gas sensors are designed to detect a single specific *** IR spectroscopy-based sensors provide superior performance,their deployment is limited due to their large size and high *** this study,a smart,low-cost,multigas sensing system is demonstrated consisting of a mid-infrared microspectrometer and a machine learning *** microspectrometer is a metasurface filter array integrated with a commercial IR camera that is consumable-free,compact(~1 cm^(3))and lightweight(~1 g).The machine learning algorithm is trained to analyze the data from the microspectrometer and predict the gases *** system detects the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide and methane at concentrations ranging from 10 to 100%with 100%*** also detects hazardous gases at low concentrations with an accuracy of 98.4%.Ammonia can be detected at a concentration of 100 ***,methyl-ethyl-ketone can be detected at its permissible exposure limit(200 ppm);this concentration is considered low and *** study demonstrates the viability of using machine learning with IR spectroscopy to provide a smart and low-cost multigas sensing platform.

关键词： smart gases system

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A Neuro-Muscular Elasto-Dynamic Model of the Human Arm Part 2:Musculotendon Dynamics and Related Stress Effects

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Journal of bionic Engineering 2009年第2期6卷 108-119页

作者： Cody b.Moody Alan A.barhorst lawrence Schovanec Texas Tech University Department of Mechanical Engineering Texas Tech University Department of Mathematics and Statistics

In this paper we develop an elasto-dynamic model of the human arm that includes effects of neuro-muscular control upon elastic deformation in the *** elasto-dynamic model of the arm is based on hybrid parameter multiple body system variational projection principles presented in the companion *** the technique is suitable for detailed bone and joint modeling,we present simulations for simplified geometry of the bones,discretized as Rayleigh beams with elongation,while allowing for large *** of the upper extremity is simulated by incorporating muscle forces derived from a Hill-type model of musculotendon *** effects of muscle force are modeled in two *** one approach,an effective joint torque is calculated by multiplying the muscle force by a joint moment ann.A second approach models the muscle as acting along a straight line between the origin and insertion sites of the *** arm motion is simulated by utilizing neural feedback and feedforward *** illustrate the combined effects of neural control strategies, models of muscle force inclusion,and elastic assumptions on joint trajectories and stress and strain development in the bone and tendon.

关键词： elasto-dynamics hybrid parameter system musculo skeletal model neuro-muscular model

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LSTM based Neural Network Model for Anomaly Event Detection in Care-Independent smart Homes

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 2689-2706页

作者： brij b.Gupta Akshat Gaurav Razaz Waheeb Attar Varsha Arya Ahmed Alhomoud Kwok Tai Chui Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung413TaiwanChina Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology(SCIT) Symbiosis International UniversityPune411057India Center for Interdisciplinary Research University of Petroleum and Energy Studies(UPES)Dehradun248007India Computer Engineering Ronin InstituteMontclairNJ 07043USA Management Department College of Business AdministrationPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of business Administration Asia UniversityTaichung413TaiwanChina Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Lebanese American UniversityBeirut1102Lebanon Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyNorthern Border UniversityRafha91911Saudi Arabia School of Science and Technology Hong Kong Metropolitan University(HKMU)Hong KongChina

This study introduces a long-short-term memory(LSTM)-based neural network model developed for detecting anomaly events in care-independent smart homes,focusing on the critical application of elderly fall *** balances the dataset using the Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique(SMOTE),effectively neutralizing bias to address the challenge of unbalanced datasets prevalent in time-series classification *** proposed LSTM model is trained on the enriched dataset,capturing the temporal dependencies essential for anomaly *** model demonstrated a significant improvement in anomaly detection,with an accuracy of 84%.The results,detailed in the comprehensive classification and confusion matrices,showed the model’s proficiency in distinguishing between normal activities and *** study contributes to the advancement of smart home safety,presenting a robust framework for real-time anomaly monitoring.

关键词： LSTM neural networks anomaly detection smart home health-care elderly fall prevention

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Current issues in endoscope reprocessing and infection control during gastrointestinal endoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第25期12卷 3953-3964页

作者： Douglas b Nelson lawrence F Muscarella Staff Physician in Gastroenterology Minneapolis VA Medical Center University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55417United States Director Research and Development ChiefInfection ControlCustom UltrasonicsInc

The purpose of this article is to review the evidence regarding transmission of infection during gastrointestinal endoscopy, factors important in endoscope reprocessing and infection control, areas to focus on to impr... 详细信息

关键词： Endoscopy Infection Disinfection Reprocessing Infection control

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Integrating the Climate Science Modelling Language with geospatial software and services

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2009年第S1期2卷 29-39页

作者： D.Lowe A.Woolf b.lawrence S.Pascoe Rutherford Appleton Laboratory British Atmospheric Data CentreDidcotUK Rutherford Appleton Laboratory STFC e-Science CentreDidcotUK

Much consideration is rightly given to the design of metadata models to describe *** the other end of the data-delivery spectrum much thought has also been given to the design of geospatial delivery interfaces such as the Open Geospatial Consortium standards,Web Coverage Service(WCS),Web Map Server and Web Feature Service(WFS).Our recent experience with the Climate Science Modelling Language shows that an implementation gap exists where many challenges remain *** bridge this gap requires transposing information and data from one world view of geospatial climate data to *** of the issues include:the loss of information in mapping to a common information model,the need to create‘views’onto file-based storage,and the need to map onto an appropriate delivery interface(as with the choice between WFS and WCS for feature types with coverage-valued properties).Here we summarise the approaches we have taken in facing up to these problems.

关键词： climate modelling schema standards data interoperability

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New Identities for Weak KAM Theory(For Haim brezis,in continuing admiration)

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Chinese Annals of Mathematics,Series b 2017年第2期38卷 379-392页

作者： lawrence Craig EVANS Department of Mathematics University of CaliforniaBerkeleyUSA.

This paper records for the Hamiltonian H =1/2|p|~2+ W(x) some old and new identities relevant for the PDE/variational approach to weak KAM theory.

关键词： Weak KAM theory, Effective Hamiltonian, Hamiltonian dynamics

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Precise dating of abrupt shifts in the Asian Monsoon during the last deglaciation based on stalagmite data from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2010年第5期53卷 633-641页

作者： EDWARDS R. lawrence Department of Geology and Geophysics University of Minnesota

based on 33 U/Th dates and 1020 oxygen isotopic data from stalagmite Y1 from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China, a record of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) was established. The record covers the last deglaciation and the early Holocene (from 16.2 to 7.3 ka bP) with an average oxygen isotope resolution of 9 years. The main millennial-scale deglacial events first identified in Greenland (Greenland Interstadial Events: GIS 1e through GIS 1a) and later in China are clearly present in the Y1 record. by analogy to earlier work, we refer to these as Chinese Interstadials (CIS): CIS A.1e to CIS A.1a. The onset of these events in Y1 δ18O records are nominally dated at: 14750±50, 14100±60, 13870±80, 13370±80, and 12990±80 a bP. The end of CIS A.1a or the beginning of the Younger Dryas (YD) event is nominally at 12850±50 a bP and the end of the YD dates to 11500±40 a bP. The δ18O values shift by close to 3‰ during the transition into the bφlling-Allerφd (bA, the onset of CIS A.1e) and at the end of the YD. Comparisons of Y1 to previously published early Holocene records show no significant phase differences. Thus, the East Asia Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon do not appear to have been out of phase during this interval. The Y1 record confirms earlier work that suggested that solar insolation and North Atlantic climate both affect the Asian Monsoon.

关键词： stalagmite Asian Monsoon the last deglaciation Holocene U-series dating Yamen Cave

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