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stress and immunological response of heifers divergently ranked for residual feed intake following an adrenocorticotropic hormone challenge

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 111-118页

作者： A.K.Kelly P.lawrence B.Earley D.A.Kenny M.McGee school of Agriculture and Food science College of Health and Agricultural SciencesUniversity College Dublin Livestock systems Research Department Teagasc Animal&Grassland Research and Innovation CentreGrangeDunsanyCo. Animal and Bioscience Research Department Animal&Grassland Research and Innovation CentreTeagascDunsanyCo.

Background： When an animal is exposed to a stressor, metabolic rate, energy consumption and utilisation increase primarily through activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal（HPA） axis. Changes to partitioning of energy by an animal are likely to influence the efficiency with which it is utilised. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the physiological stress response to an exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone（ACTH） challenge in beef heifers divergently ranked on phenotypic residual feed intake（RFI）.Results： Data were collected on 34 simmental weaning beef heifers the progeny of a well characterized and divergently bred RFI suckler beef herd. Residual feed intake was determined on each animal during the postweaning stage over a 91-day feed intake measurement period during which they were individually offered adlibitum grass silage and 2 kg of concentrate per head once daily. The 12 highest [0.34 kg DM/d] and 12 lowest[-0.48 kg DM/d] ranking animals on RFI were selected for use in this study. For the physiological stress challenge heifers（mean age 605 ± 13 d; mean BW 518 ± 31.4 kg） were fitted aseptically with indwelling jugular catheters to facilitate intensive blood collection. The response of the adrenal cortex to a standardised dose of ACTH（1.98 IU/kg metabolic BW^（0.75）） was examined. serial blood samples were analysed for plasma cortisol, ACTH and haematology variables. Heifers differing in RFI did not differ（P = 0.59） in ACTH concentrations. Concentration of ACTH peaked（P 〈 0.001） in both RFI groups at 20 min post-ACTH administration, following which concentration declined to baseline levels by 150 min. similarly, cortisol systemic profile peaked at 60 min and concentrations remained continuously elevated for 150 min. A RFI × time interaction was detected for cortisol concentrations（P = 0.06） with high RFI heifers had a greater cortisol response than Low RFI from 40 min to 150 min relative to ACTH administration. Cortisol response was positively assoc

关键词： Beef cattle Cortisol Feed efficiency Residual feed intake stress response

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stigmatic exudate in the Annonaceae:Pollinator reward,pollen germination medium or extragynoecial compitum?

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2017年第12期59卷 881-894页

作者： Jenny Y.Y.Lau Chun-Chiu Pang lawrence Ramsden Richard M.K.saunders school of Biological sciences the University of Hong KongPokfulam RoadHong KongChina

Although ＂dry-type＂ stigmas are widely re- garded as ancestral in angiosperms, the early-divergent family Annonaceae has copious stigmatic exudate. We evaluate three putative functions for this exudate： as a nutritive reward for pollinators; as a pollen germination medium; and as an extragynoecial compitum that enables pollen tube growth between carpels. stigmatic exudate is fructose dominated （72.2%）, but with high levels of glucose and sucrose; the dominance of hexose sugars and the diversity of amino acids observed, including many that are essential for insects, support a nutritive role for pollinators. sugar concentration in pre-receptive flowers is high （28.2%）, falling during the peak period of stigmatic receptivity （17.4%）, and then rising again toward the end of the pistillate phase （32.9%）. Pollen germination was highest in sugar concentrations 〈2%. sugar concentrations during the peak pistillate phase therefore provide optimal osmolarity for pollen hydration and germination; subsequent changes in sugar concentration during anthesis reinforce protogyny （in which carpels mature before stamens）, enabling the retention of concentrated exudate into the staminate phase as a pollinator food reward without the possibility of pollen germination. Intercarpellary growth of pollen tubes was confirmed： the exudate therefore also functions as a suprastylar extragynoecial compitum, overcoming the limitations of apocarpy.

关键词： stigmatic exudate in the Annonaceae pollen germination medium or extragynoecial compitum Pollinator reward

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Dual Instinct and structural Theories: DsM-5-TR

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Open Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 374-379页

作者： lawrence Greenman Hudson Valley Health Care system Poughkeepsie NY USA

The genetic based Dual Instinct Theory is determined by evolutionary history. Aggression is required for survival and sex for propagation of species. Aggressive and sexual drive derivatives with their corresponding defence mechanisms are combined with biologically based stages of infant/child development and the functional entity of structural Theory. This model of human nature is the applied to the diagnostic categories of DsM-5-TR. Objectives: To follow the innate Dual Instinct Theory from life to death and through Artificial Intelligence;connect it with biological stages of development of the structural Theory and illustrate its manifestations in DsM-5-TR classifications. Method: Review of selected published literature. Applying the principle of focus and cognition of informed clinical observation of innate drive derivatives in conjunction with The structural Theory. Both theories are functional entities with no structures involved. sigmund Freud’s biologically based stages of development;oral, anal, genital pubic, adult, and geriatric along with a variety of unconscious, automatic, and persistent defense mechanisms are selectively folded into diagnosis listed in the manual.

关键词： Dual Instincts structural Theory stages of Development Drive Derivatives Mechanisms of Defense

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Growing Operational Use of FY-3 Data in the ECMWF system

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Advances in Atmospheric sciences 2021年第8期38卷 1285-1298页

作者： Niels BORMANN David DUNCAN stephen ENGLIsH sean HEALY Katrin LONITZ Keyi CHEN Heather lawrence Qifeng LU European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts Reading RG29AXUnited Kingdom International Center for Climate and Environment sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China University of the Chinese Academy of sciences Beijing 100049China Department of Atmospheric sciences Chengdu University of Information TechnologyChengdu 610225China National satellite Meteorological Centre China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing 10081China

This paper reviews the data quality and impact of observations from the FY-3 satellite series used operationally in the ECMWF system. This includes data from the passive microwave radiometers MWHs-1, MWHs-2 and MWRI, as well as observations from the radio occultation receiver GNOs. Evaluations against background equivalents show that the quality of the observations is broadly comparable to that of similar instruments on other polar-orbiting satellites, even though biases for the passive microwave observations can be somewhat larger and more complex for some channels. An observing system experiment shows that the FY-3 instruments jointly contribute significantly to the forecast skill in the ECMWF system. Positive impact of up to 2% is seen for most variables out to the day-2 forecasts over hemispheric scales, with significant benefits for total column water vapor or for temperature and wind in the stratosphere out to day 4.

关键词： FY-3 satellite series assimilation forecast impact calibration/validation

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pH-mediated synthesis of monodisperse gold nanorods with quantitative yield and molecular level insight

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Nano Research 2021年第4期14卷 1167-1174页

作者： Reese Gallagher Xing Zhang Anthony Altomare David lawrence Jr. Nicholas shawver Ninh Tran Melanie Beazley Gang Chen Department of Chemistry University of Central FloridaOrlando32816USA

Although gold nanorods(GNRs)have been produced with different dimensions and aspect ratios,the current synthesis methods through seed-mediated growth are far from ideal,for instance,the quality(rod yield)and the quantity(gold conversion)cannot be simultaneously *** critically,there is no molecular level understanding of the growth ***,we solved the problem by employing the stoichiometric ratio of reactants and tuning the reactivity of the reductant through adjusting the initial pH value of the growth solution to achieve both good quality and high quantity *** also extended our strategy to other enols besides ascorbic acid,such as phenolic compounds,and found that the optimal pH for GNRs synthesis depends on the structure of the individual *** mechanistic insight greatly enriches the toolbox of reductants for GNRs growth and makes it possible to synthesize GNRs at both acidic and basic *** interesting phenomenon is that for most of the phenolic compounds we tested,the morphology of the final products follows the same sphere-rod-sphere trend as the initial pH value of the reaction increases,whether it is under acidic or basic conditions,which cannot be explained by any previously proposed *** effect of pH is mainly attributed to the regulation of the reduction potential of the reductants,and thus the reaction rate.A model has been proposed to explain the dependence of anisotropic growth of GNRs on the concentration gradient of reactants around the seeds,which is decided by both the reaction rate and diffusion rate.

关键词： gold nanorods gold conversion yield shape homogeneity pH value reduction potential concentration gradient

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Mycobacterium avium subspecies hominissuis in Crohn’s disease:a case report

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Gastroenterology Report 2017年第4期5卷 316-319,I0003页

作者： Peilin Zhang lawrence M.Minardi J.Todd Kuenstner Rusty Kruzelock PZM Diagnostics LLC.CharlestonWVUSA Department of Pathology Charleston Area Medical CenterCharlestonWVUSA West Virginia Regional Technology Park CharlestonWVUSA

We have cultured Mycobacteria avium subspecies hominissuis(MAH)from the blood of a patient with Crohn’s *** patient is a 21 year-old-female with a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease for two *** had been treated with corticosteroids and Humira for six months.A blood specimen was cultured in a specialized medium,and there was visible bacterial growth present in the liquid culture medium after eight *** analysis of the bacterial growth and subsequent direct sequencing of the PCR amplicon confirmed the presence of *** significance of this finding is discussed.

关键词： mycobacterium paratuberculosis Crohn’s disease infective colitis

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Natural Resources 2023年第9期14卷 161-191页

作者： lawrence stephenson Association of Professional Engineers and Geologists of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

The current “mega” interest in Lithium resources was spurred by the development of Lithium-Ion batteries to aid in restructuring the world’s reliance on carbon spewing power petroleum reserves. Current resources of lithium recovery have fallen into two main categories—Pegmatite, found worldwide associated with felsic intrusions and Brine Related, and now with development in the southwest United states of America (sWUs), a third category— Tertiary Volcanic clays, are specifically associated with Tertiary volcanics and major Tectonic Plate interactions. “Active” Plate tectonics is important as both the sWUs, the Lithium Triangle of south America (LTsA) and the Tibetan Plateau of China (TPC) producing tertiary (Miocene) volcanism that is important to the development of Lithium resources. The Tanzanian part of the East Africa Rift system (EARs) has features of both the sWUs, tertiary volcanic related “playas” and Continental rifting, the LTsA, tertiary volcanic related “Brines” and a major Tectonic plate event (subduction of an Oceanic Plate beneath the Continental south American Plate) and the TPC, tertiary volcanics (?) and major tectonic plate event (subduction of the Indian Continental Plate under the Eurasian Continental Plate). As well as the association of peralkaline and metaluminous felsic volcanics with Lithium playas of the sWUs and the EARs (Tanzania) “playas”. These similarities led to an analysis of a volcanic rock in Northeast Tanzania. When it returned 1.76% Lithium, a one-kilometer spaced soil sampling program returned, in consecutive samples over 0.20% Lithium (several samples over 1.0% lithium and a high of 2.24% lithium). It is proposed that these four regions with very similar past and present geologic characteristics, occur nowhere else in the world. That three of them have produced Lithium operations and two of them have identified resources of Lithium clay and “highly” anomalous Lithium clays should be regarded as more than “coincidental”.

关键词： Lithium Triangle of south America southwest United states Tibetan Plateau of China East Africa Rift system Tectonic Continental Oceanic Plate subduction Tertiary (Miocene - Holocene) Volcanics Continental Rifting

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CO oxidation over ceria supported Au_(22) nanoclusters: shape effect of the support

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2018年第6期29卷 795-799页

作者： Zili Wu David R.Mullins lawrence F.Allard Qianfan Zhang Laisheng Wang Chemical science Division and Center for Nanophase Materials sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Materials science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Department of Chemistry Brown University

Gold（Au） nanoclusters have recently emerged as ideal models for understanding Au catalysis, because the nanosized Au particles have precise atomic numbers and uniform size. In this work, we studied for the first time the support shape effect on the catalysis of Au nanoclusters by using CO oxidation as a model reaction. Au22（L8）6（L = 1,8-bis（diphenylphosphino） octane） nanoclusters were supported on CeO2 rods or cubes, then pretreated at different temperatures（up to 673 K）, allowing the gradual removal of the organic phosphine ligands. CO oxidation test over these differently pretreated samples shows that CeO2 rods are much better supports than cubes for Au22 nanoclusters in enhancing the reaction rate. In situ IR spectroscopy coupled with CO adsorption indicates that the shape of CeO2 support can impact the nature and quantity of exposed Au sites, as well as the efficiency of organic ligand removal. Although CeO2 rods are helpful in exposing a greater percentage of total Au sites upon ligands removal, the percentage of active Au sites（denoted by Au d＋, 0 〈 d 〈 1） is lower than that on CeO2 cubes. The in situ extended X-ray absorption spectroscopy（EXAFs） and high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy（HAADF-sTEM） results show that the Au nanoclusters bound more strongly to the CeO2 rods than to the cubes where the Au nanoclusters show more sintering. Considering the typical redox mechanism for CO oxidation over supported Au nanoclusters and nanoparticles, it is concluded that the reactivity of the lattice oxygen of CeO2 is the determining factor for CO oxidation over Au22/CeO2. CeO2 rods offer more reactive lattice oxygen and abundant oxygen vacancies than the cubes and thus make the rods a superior support for Au nanoclusters in catalyzing low temperature CO oxidation.

关键词： Gold nanoclusters Ceria Ligands support shape CO oxidation

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Return to sports after shoulder arthroplasty

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第9期7卷 519-526页

作者： Christine C Johnson Daniel J Johnson Joseph N Liu Joshua s Dines David M Dines lawrence V Gulotta Grant H Garcia Department of sports Medicine and shoulder surgery Hospital for Special Surgery the school of Medicine Vanderbilt University School of Medicine

Many patients prioritize the ability to return to sports following shoulder replacement surgeries, including total shoulder arthroplasty(TsA), reverse total shoulder arthroplasty(RTsA), and hemiarthroplasty(HA). While activity levels after hip and knee replacements have been well-established in the literature, studies on this topic in the field of shoulder arthroplasty are relatively limited. A review of the literature regarding athletic activity after shoulder arthroplasty was performed using the PubMed database. All studies relevant to shoulder arthroplasty and return to sport were included. The majority of patients returned to their prior level of activity within six months following TsA, RTsA, and shoulder ***, low demand activities are permitted by most surgeons postoperatively and generally have higher return rates than contact sports or high-demand activities. In some series, patients reported an improvement in their ability to participate in sports following the arthroplasty procedure. The rates of return to sports following TsA(75%-100%) are slightly higher than those reported for HA(67%-76%) and RTsA(75%-85%). Patients undergoing TsA, RTsA, and shoulder HA should be counseled that there is a high probability that they will be able to return to their preoperative activity level within six months postoperatively. TsA has been associated with higher rates of return to sports than RTsA and HA,although this may reflect differences in patient population or surgical indication.

关键词： Total shoulder arthroplasty Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty shoulder replacement Return to sport Hemiarthroplasty

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Genetic diversity and biogeography of red turpentine beetle Dendroctonus valens in its native and invasive regions

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Insect science 2008年第4期15卷 291-301页

作者： Yan-Wen Cai Xin-Yue Cheng Ru-Mei Xu Dong-Hong Duan lawrence R. Kirkendall College of Life sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing Forestry Office of shanxi Province Taiyuan China Department of Zoology University of Bergen Bergen N-5007 Norway

sequences of 479 bp region of the mitochondrial COI gene were applied to detect population genetic diversity and structure ofDendroctonus valens populations. By comparing the genetic diversity between native and invasive populations, it was shown that the genetic diversity of Chinese populations was obviously lower than that of native populations with both indices of haplotype diversity and Nei＇s genetic diversity, suggesting genetic bottleneck occurred in the invasive process of D. valens, and was then followed by a relatively quick population buildup. According to phylogenetic analyses of haplotypes, we suggested that the origin of the Chinese population was from California, UsA. Phylogenetic and network analysis of native populations of D. valens revealed strong genetic structure at two distinct spatial and temporal scales in North America. The main cause resulting in current biogeographic pattern was supposedly due to recycled glacial events. Meanwhile, a cryptic species might exist in the Mexican and Guatemalan populations.

关键词： biogeography genetic diversity invasive species mitochondrial DNA redturpentine beetle

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