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spatial and temporal dynamics of growth of woody plant species (birch and willows) on the foreland of a retreating glacier in southern Iceland

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 184-194页

作者： Haley E.synan Mikael A.Melfi lawrence H.Tanner Department of Biological and Environmental sciences Le Moyne CollegeSyracuseNew York 13214USA

Background:The forelands of retreating glaciers are invaluable natural laboratories in which to explore the processes of primary *** studies have been conducted on foreland chronosequences to identify temporal and spatial trends of the successional *** study focused on the spatio-temporal distribution of three woody plant species on the foreland of a retreating glacier in southern Iceland where historical observations provide precise age control of the *** evaluate colonization and successional trends,we examined which species increase in abundance with time and tested the role of proximity to a seed source in ***,we quantified the rate at which biomass carbon is added to the ***:The density of stems of Betula pubescens increases with moraine age across the foreland chronosequence while the density of stems of both salix lanata and salix phylicifolia *** found low statistical significance to the relationship between the density of *** and distance from a forested ridge nor did we find a relationship between the lengths of the stems and the moraine *** biomass increased fastest during early successional stages and reached a maximum of 28.5 g C m^(−2) on the oldest ***:Early colonization of moraines was controlled by environmental filters which favored both salix *** by *** followed as environmental factors,e.g.,favorable soil properties,*** found no conclusive evidence that proximity to a potential source of *** propagules was a significant factor in controlling *** assumption that the abundance of individuals increased with time through later successional stages proved valid for ***,but not for either species of *** findings are consistent with the classical spatial successional model of community ***,general successional processes at the landscape scale control the temp

关键词： Glacial foreland Chronosequence Primary succession spatial distribution Aboveground biomass Iceland

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From Cape Town to Cambridge: Orthopaedic trauma in contrasting environments

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第5期7卷 308-314页

作者： John E lawrence Vikas Khanduja Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics Addenbrooke's Hospital Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

AIM: To compare the trauma experience gained by a trainee at a United Kingdom major trauma centre and a secondary level hospital in south ***: A profile of inpatient trauma cases during a five-week period in Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge and somerset Hospital, Cape Town was created. This was achieved by recording various parameters for each patient admitted including age, gender, injury, mechanism of injury and postal/area code. This, together with details of the departments themselves, allows a comparison of the amount and variety of orthopaedic trauma cases experienced by an individual trainee in each setting. REsULTs: The trauma profiles differed significantly. Patients in Cape Town were younger and more likely to be male. In the young, injury in Cape Town was more likely to occur due to assault or being struck by a vehicle, whilst patients in Cambridge were more likely to be injured whilst in a vehicle or in high energy falls. In older patients, trauma at both centres was almost exclusively due to mechanical falls. In a given age group, injuries at the two centres were similar, however the majority of patients admitted to Addenbrooke's were elderly, resulting in less variation in the overall injury ***: The trauma profile of a major trauma centre in the United Kingdom is less varied than that of a south African secondary centre, with significantly fewer cases per surgeon. This suggests a more variedtraining experience in the developing world with a greater caseload.

关键词： Comparative Epidemiology Developing world Trauma Training

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Associations of self-reported and device-assessed physical activity with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep quality in adults living with and beyond cancer

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Journal of sport and Health science 2023年第6期12卷 664-673,F0003页

作者： Phillippa Lally Natalie Ella Miller Claire lawrence Rebecca J Beeken Abigail Fisher Department of Behavioural science and Health University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BTUK Department of Psychology University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Leeds Institute of Health sciences Leeds LS29NLUK

Background Greater physical activity is associated with improved outcomes in people living with and beyond ***,most studies in exercise oncology use self-reported measures of physical *** have explored agreement between self-reported and device-based measures of physical activity in people living with and beyond *** study aimed to describe physical activity in adults affected by cancer across self-reported and device-assessed activity,to explore levels of agreement between these measures in terms of their utility for categorizing participants as meeting/not meeting physical activity guidelines,and to explore whether meeting guidelines is associated with fatigue,quality of life,and sleep *** A total of 1348 adults living with and beyond cancer from the Advancing survivorship Cancer Outcomes Trial completed a survey assessing fatigue,quality of life,sleep quality,and physical *** Godin-shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to calculate a Leisure score Index(LsI)and an estimate of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity(MVPA).Average daily steps and weekly aerobic steps were derived from pedometers worn by *** The percentage of individuals meeting physical activity guidelines was 44.3%using LsI,49.5%using MVPA,10.8%using average daily steps,and 28.5%using weekly aerobic ***(Cohen'sκ)between self-reported and pedometer measures ranged from 0.13(LsI *** daily steps)to 0.60(LsI ***).After adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates,meeting activity guidelines using all measures was associated with not experiencing severe fatigue(odds ratios(ORs):1.43–1.97).Meeting guidelines using MVPA was associated with no quality-of-life issues(OR=1.53).Meeting guidelines using both self-reported measures were associated with good sleep quality(ORs:1.33–1.40).Conclusion Less than half of all adults affected by cancer are meeting physical activity guidelines,

关键词： Cancer survivorship Fatigue Physical activity Quality of life sleepTagedAPTARAEnd

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Compression Creep Behavior of High Volume Fraction of siC Particles Reinforced Al Composite Fabricated by Pressureless Infiltration

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2007年第2期20卷 115-119页

作者： XU Fu-min WU lawrence Chi-man HAN Guang-wei TAN Yi state Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser Ion and Electron Beams School of Materials Science and Engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China Department of Physics and Materials science City University of Hongkong Kowloon HK SAR China Central Iron and steel Research Institute Beijing 100081 China

The compression creep deformation of the high volume fraction of siC particles reinforced AI-Mg-si composite fabricated by pressure-less infiltration was investigated. The experimental results show that the creep stress exponents are very high at temperatures of 673 K, 723 K and 773 K, and if taking the threshold stress into account, the true stress exponent of minimum creep strain rate is still approximately 5, although the volume fraction of reinforcements is very high. The creep strain rate in the high volume fraction reinforced aluminum alloy matrix composites is controlled by matrix lattice diffusion. It is found that the creep-strengthening effect of high volume fraction of silicon carbide particles is significant, although the particles do not form effective obstacles to dislocation motion.

关键词： composite creep siC aluminum

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Mammary gland growth and vascularity at parturition and during lactation in primiparous ewes fed differing levels of selenium and nutritional plane during gestation

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2013年第4期4卷 287-293页

作者： Tammi L Neville Allison M Meyer Arshi Reyaz Pawel B Borowicz Dale A Redmer lawrence P Reynolds Joel s Caton Kimberly A Vonnahme Center for Nutrition and Pregnancy Department of Animal Sciences North Dakota State University

Background： Objectives were to examine the effects of selenium （se） supply and maternal nutritional plane during gestation on mammary gland growth, cellular proliferation, and vascularity at parturition and d 20 of lactation. Rambouillet primiparous ewes （n = 84） were allocated to treatments in a 2 x 3 factorial. Factors were dietary se （adequate se [Ase, 11.5 μg/kg BW] or high se [Hse, 77.0 μg/kg BVV]） and nutritional plane （60% IREs], 100% [CON], or 140% [EXC]）. At parturition, lambs were removed and 42 ewes （7/treatment） were necropsied. Remaining ewes were fed a common diet meeting requirements for lactation and mechanically milked twice daily until necropsy on d 20. At both necropsy periods, mammary glands were dissected and tissues harvested. samples were analyzed for RNA, DNA, and protein content, cell proliferation, and vascularity. Where interactions were present （P 〈 0.05）, least squares means from the highest-order interaction are presented. Results： Final body weight of ewes was least （P 〈 0.002） in REs, intermediate for CON, and greatest for EXC, regardless of stage of the ewe at necropsy （parturition or d 20 of lactation）. In ewes necropsied at parturition, mammary glands were heavier （P = 0.02） in EXC compared to REs, with CON intermediate. Concentration of RNA （rag/g） was decreased （P= 0.01） in EXC compared to CON at parturition. There was a tendency （P= 0.07） for a se by nutrition interaction in percentage of cells proliferating where Ase-EXC ewes had greater （P_〈 0.02） number of proliferating cells then all other treatments. Mammary vascular area tended （P = 0.08） to be affected by a se by nutrition interaction where Ase-CON had less （P= 0.007） vascular area than Hse-CON ewes. In ewes necropsied at d 20 of lactation, the number of alveoli per area was decreased （P 〈- 0.05） in REs compared to CON and EXC-fed ewes. Conclusions： Results of this study indicate that proper maternal nutritional plane during gestation is important for mammary gland develo

关键词： Mammary gland Nutrition Proliferation selenium Vascularity

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Dapsone: A Century-Old Medicine and a New Hope for severe COVID-19

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第1期12卷 50-56页

作者： Vu Thuong Nguyen lawrence s. Chan Advanced Cosmeceuticals Enterprises Inc. Sacramento California USA Department of Dermatology University of Illinois Chicago Illinois USA Department of Medicine Captain James Lovell FHCC North Chicago IL USA

Background: The 2020 pandemic of COVID-19 infection, which has already lasted more than 22 months, is not subsiding. Despite the available vaccinations, the infection is still claiming many lives throughout the world, especially among the unvaccinated people. The newly discovered and fast spreading Omicron variant also raises the concern if vaccination alone will be sufficient to win this battle. Purpose: In this concept paper, we examine the possible use dapsone, a century-old and safe medication, to treat patients with severe cases of pulmonary COVID-19 infection. Methods: We aim to delineate the similarities between IgA-mediated neutrophil-directed blistering skin diseases and the severe pulmonary COVID-19 infection by reviewing the relevant medical literatures, in order to compare the pathological mechanisms of these two different clinical situations. Results: Analysis of published reports reveals strong evidence pointing to the involvement of IgA and neutrophils in both clinical situations. In addition, results of a small clinical trial showed efficacy of dapsone in patients suffered with severe COVID-19 infection. Conclusions: since dapsone is effective in treating IgA-mediated skin diseases by blocking the binding of neutrophils to the tissue site, it could also be an effective treatment for severe cases of COVID-19 lung injury, which has a similar pathological mechanism.

关键词： Dapsone IgA Neutrophils COVID-19 Lung Injury

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Impact of radiation pressure and circumstellar dust on motion of a test particle in Manev’s field

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Astrodynamics 2021年第2期5卷 77-89页

作者： Jagadish singh solomon Okpanachi Omale lawrence O.Inumoh Felix Ale Department of Mathematics Faculty of Physical SciencesAhmadu Bello UniversityZariaNigeria Engineering and space systems Department National Space Research and Development Agency(NASRDA)Obasanjo Space CentreAbujaNigeria

In this paper,we present a study on the impact of radiation pressure and circumstellar dust on the motion of a test particle in the framework of the restricted four-body problem under the Manev’s *** show that the distribution of equilibrium points on the plane of motion is slightly different from that of the classical Newtonian *** the aid of the Lyapunov characteristic exponents,we show that the system is sensitive to changes in initial conditions;hence,the orbit of the system is found to be chaotic in the phase space for the given initial ***,a numerical application of this model to a stellar system(Gliese 667C)is considered,which validates the dependence of the equilibrium points on the mass *** show that the non-collinear equilibrium points of this stellar system are distributed symmetrically about the x-axis,and five of them are linearly *** basins of attraction of the system show that the equilibrium points have irregular boundaries,and we use the energy integral and the Manev parameter to illustrate the zero-velocity curves showing the permissible region of motion of the test particle with respect to the Jacobi constant.

关键词： Manev potential circumstellar dust Lyapunov characteristic exponents(LCEs) stability chaos basins of attraction

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COVID-19 Infection: The Virus and Its Origin, the Variants, the Immune Defense, the Multiorgan Autoimmune Reactions, and the Targeted Treatments

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第3期12卷 568-631页

作者： Vu Thuong Nguyen lawrence s. Chan Advanced Cosmeceuticals Enterprises Inc. Sacramento USA Department of Dermatology University of Illinois Chicago USA Captain James Lovell Federal Health Care Center North Chicago USA Department of Dermatology School of Medicine University of California Davis USA

Background: sARs-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the current COVID-19 infection pandemic, has caused substantial damage and negative impacts in the world, including physical sickness, mental illness, death, society lock down, work interruption, and productivity reduction. From the onset in early 2020, the pandemic has not yet totally subsided as of July 2022. Although great efforts have been made to understand the nature of this pandemic by the medical and scientific communities, a comprehensive review of this pandemic has not been reported. Purpose: We aimed to perform a thorough review of the subject in order to come to a better understanding of the origin of the virus, its mutations and their corresponding health effects, its pathophysiology, and its responses to therapeutic intervention. A more comprehensive set of data on these subject matters, if available, would give healthcare providers a valuable tool in formulating the best methods to respond to the current disease and prevent the disease from spreading in the future. Method: An extensive literature search on the subjects of COVID-19 was conducted regarding the possible origin of the viral pathogen, its evolutionary changes and health impacts, the world’s responses to COVID-19 and outcomes of their responses, and healthcare professional’s actions to understand and manage the disease and the results of their actions. To gather these data, websites of PubMed and Google scholar were utilized for the search with the following keywords: Pandemic, COVID-19, coronavirus, sARs, sARs-CoV, sARs-CoV-2, origin, pathogenesis, and treatment. Results: Our review revealed data that points to an interesting autoimmune phenomenon where most seriously sick patients affected by COVID-19 were documented by an IgA-dominant immune response to the pathogen, along with a neutrophil-directed infiltration to the vital organ in the lung aveola, resulting in critical lung injury, leading to respiratory failure, multi-organ failure, a

关键词： COVID-19 Pathogenesis Autoimmune Mortality ARDs sARs-CoV-2 Origin Delta Variant Omicron Variant Neutrophil IgA Neutrophil Adherence Cytokine storm Dapsone Methylprednisolone Antithombotic Treatment Therapeutic Mechanism

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Labtse and the Reinscription of sacralized social space

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中国藏学 1992年第S1期 346-351页

作者： lawrence Epstein Benjia Peng Wenbing

One of the most widely reported, yet ignored, Tibetan folk rituals concerns labtse. In westernliterature, the longest discussion of labtse is s. Hummel’s, which appeared in Anthropos some 30years ago. There Hummel discussed the symbolic significance of labtse from the perspective of Kul-turkreislehre. Most writings on the subject, both in China and the west, seem to have followed inthe same epistemological footsteps. studies of labtse have been dominated by what we shall call

关键词： Labtse and the Reinscription of sacralized social space

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The EPsPs Pro106ser substitution solely accounts for glyphosate resistance in a goosegrass(Eleusine indica) population from Tennessee, United states

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第6期15卷 1304-1312页

作者： Janel L Huffman Chance W Riggins lawrence E steckel Patrick J Tranel Department of Crop sciences University of Illinois Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Plant sciences University of Tennessee Jackson TN 38301 USA

Previous studies have documented the occurrence of glyphosate-resistant （GR） goosegrass （Eleusine indica （L.） Gaertn.） and, in at least some cases, resistance is due to an altered target site. Research was performed to determine if an altered target site was responsible for GR in a Tennessee, United states goosegrass population （TennGR）. DNA sequencing revealed a mutation in TennGR plants conferring the Prol06ser 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase （EPsPs） substitution previously identified in other GR populations. F2 populations were derived from TennGR plants crossed with plants from a glyphosate-susceptible population （TennGs） and analyzed for their response to glyphosate and genotyped at the EPsPs locus. Plants from the F2 populations segregated 1：2：1 sensitive：intermediate：resistant in response to a selec- tive dose of glyphosate, and these responses co-segregated with the EPsPs genotypes （PP106, Ps106, and ss106）. To separately investigate the effect of the Prol06ser substitution on GR, glyphosate dose-response curves and 50% effective dose （EDso） values were compared among the three genotypes and the two parental populations. The ss106 genotype was 3.4-fold resistant relative to the PP106 genotype, identical to the resistance level obtained when comparing the resistant and susceptible parental populations. We conclude that the mutation conferring a Prol06ser EPsPs mutation is solely responsible for GR in the TennGR goosegrass population.

关键词： herbicide resistance monogenic trait glyphosate PCR amplification of specific alleles (PAsA) EPsPs target-site mutation

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