检索结果-南通市图书馆

Risk factors and natural history of breast cancer in younger Chinese women

World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2014年第5期5卷 1097-1106页

作者： Winnie Yeo Hang-Mei Lee Amy Chan Emily YY Chan Miranda CM Chan Keeng-Wai Chan Sharon WW Chan Foon-Yiu Cheung Polly SY Cheung Peter HK Choi Josette SY Chor William WL Foo Wing-Hong Kwan Stephen CK Law lawrence pk li Janice WH Tsang Yuk Tung Lorna LS Wong Ting-Ting Wong Chun-Chung Yau Tsz-Kok Yau Benny CY Zee Department of Clinical Oncology Chinese University of Hong Kong Prince of Wales Hospital Hong Kong Breast Cancer Foundation Jockey Club School of Public Health and Primary Care Chinese University of Hong Kong Department of Surgery Kwong Wah Hospital Diagnostix Pathology Laboratories Ltd Canossa Hospital Kowloon East Cluster Breast Centre Department of Surgery United Christian Hospital Department of Clinical Oncology Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital Private Clinical Oncologist Radiotherapy and Oncology Centre Hong Kong Baptist Hospital Comprehensive Oncology Centre Hong Kong Sanatorium and Hospital Hong Kong Adventist Oncology Center Hong Kong Adventist Hospital Department of Clinical Oncology University of Hong Kong Department of Clinical Oncology Tuen Mun Hospital Private Surgeon Department of Clinical Oncology Princess Margaret Hospital

AIM: To investigate the age differences in the risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment of female breast cancer patients. METHODS: Seven thousand one hundred and fiftytwo women with primary breast cancer from the Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry were recruited after receiving patients' consent, they were asked to complete standardized questionnaires which captured their sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors associated with breast cancer development. Among them, clinicopathological data and patterns of treatment were further collected from medical records of 5523 patients with invasive breast cancers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age at diagnosis: younger(likely to have unhealthy lifestyles; these include a lack of exercise(85.4% vs 73.2%, P life(46.1% vs 35.5%, P likely to have hormone-related risk factors including nulliparity(43.3% vs 17.8%, P linicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment were performed on 5523 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The invasive tumours in younger patients showed more aggressive pathological features such as having a higher percentage of grade 3 histology(45.7% vs 36.5%, P < 0.001), having a higher proportion of tumours with lymphovascular invasion(39.6% vs 33.2%, P = 0.003), and having multifocal disease(15.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001); they received different patterns of treatment than their older counterparts.CONCLUSION: Younger patients in Hong Kong are more

关键词： Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry Breast cancer Younger Chinese women Sociodemographic characteristics Risk factors Clinicopathological characteristics Breast cancer treatment

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

The Protocol of Ultrasonic Backscatter Measurements of Musculoskeletal Properties

Phenomics

引用

Phenomics 2024年第1期4卷 72-80页

作者： Dongsheng Bi lingwei Shi Boyi li Ying li Chengcheng liu lawrence HLe Jingchun Luo Sijia Wang Dean Ta Center for Biomedical Engineering School of InformationScience and TechnologyFudan University2005 SonghuRoadYangpu DistrictShanghai 200438China Academy for Engineering and Technology Fudan UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging University of AlbertaEdmonton T6G2B7Canada Human Phenome Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai 201203China Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health Chinese Academyof SciencesShanghai 200031China

This study aims to introduce the protocol for ultrasonic backscatter measurements of musculoskeletal properties based on a novel ultrasonic backscatter bone diagnostic(UBBD)instrument.Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXA)can be adopted to measure bone mineral density(BMD)in the hip,spine,legs and the whole body.The muscle and fat mass in the legs and the whole body can be also calculated by DXA body composition analysis.Based on the proposed protocol for backscatter measurements by UBBD,ultrasonic backscatter signals can be measured in vivo,deriving three backscatter parameters[apparent integral backscatter(AIB),backscatter signal peak amplitude(BSPA)and the corresponding arrival time(BSPT)].AIB may provide important diagnostic information about bone properties.BSPA and BSPT may be important indicators of muscle and fat properties.The standardized backscatter measurement protocol of the UBBD instrument may have the potential to evaluate musculoskeletal characteristics,providing help for promoting the application of the backscatter technique in the clinical diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders(MSDs),such as osteoporosis and muscular atrophy.

关键词： Ultrasonic backscatter Musculoskeletal disorders Bone mineral density Muscle mass Fat mass

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrated biomarker response to assess toxic impacts of iron and manganese on deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons under a deep-sea mining activity scenario

引用

Journal of Oceanology and limnology 2024年第2期42卷 522-532页

作者： li ZHOU Mengna li Zhaoshan ZHONG Minxiao WANG Hao CHEN Chao liAN Hao WANG Huan ZHANG Lei CAO Chaolun li Center of Deep Sea Research Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China Laoshan Laboratory Qingdao 266237China South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdao 266071China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Deep-sea mining activities can potentially release metals,which pose a toxicological threat to deep-sea ecosystems.Nevertheless,due to the remoteness and inaccessibility of the deep-sea biosphere,there is insufficient knowledge about the impact of metal exposure on its inhabitants.In this study,deep-sea mussel Gigantidas platifrons,a commonly used deep-sea toxicology model organism,was exposed to manganese(100,1000μg/L)or iron(500,5000μg/L)for 7 d,respectively.Manganese and iron were chosen for their high levels of occurrence within deep-sea deposits.Metal accumulation and a battery of biochemical biomarkers related to antioxidative stress in superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA);immune function in alkaline phosphatase(AKP),acid phosphatase(ACP);and energy metabolism in pyruvate kinase(pk)and hexokinase(HK)were assessed in mussel gills.Results showed that deep-sea mussel G.platifrons exhibited a high capacity to accumulate Mn/Fe.In addition,most tested biochemical parameters were altered by metal exposure,demonstrating that metals could induce oxidative stress,suppress the immune system,and affect energy metabolism of deep-sea mussels.The integrated biomarker response(IBR)approach indicated that the exposure to Mn/Fe had a negative impact on deep-sea mussels,and Mn demonstrated a more harmful impact on deep-sea mussels than Fe.Additionally,SOD and CAT biomarkers had the greatest impact on IBR values in Mn treatments,while ACP and HK were most influential for the low-and high-dose Fe groups,respectively.This study represents the first application of the IBR approach to evaluate the toxicity of metals on deep-sea fauna and serves as a crucial framework for risk assessment of deep-sea mining-associated metal exposure.

关键词： mussel metal deep-sea mining biomarker environmental monitoring

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Targeting cAMP in D1-MSNs in the nucleus accumbens, a new rapid antidepressant strategy

引用

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2024年第2期14卷 667-681页

作者： Yue Zhang Jingwen Gao Na li Peng Xu Shimeng Qu Jinqian Cheng Mingrui Wang Xueru li Yaheng Song Fan Xiao Xinyu Yang Jihong liu Hao Hong Ronghao Mu Xiaotian li Youmei Wang Hui Xu Yuan Xie Tianming Gao Guangji Wang Jiye Aa Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesResearch Unit of PK-PD Based Bioactive Components and Pharmacodynamic Target Discovery of Natural Medicine of Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesChina Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 210009China Key Laboratory of Drug Monitoring and Control Drug Intelligence and Forensic CenterMinistry of Public SecurityBeijing 100193China School of Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China School of Foreign Languages China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China Department of Neurobiology School of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China Department of Pharmacology China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjing 211198China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China

Studies have suggested that the nucleus accumbens(NAc)is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression;however,the regulatory strategy that targets the NAc to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit has not been elucidated.Here,we identified a specific reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)in the subset of dopamine D1 receptor medium spiny neurons(D1-MSNs)in the NAc that promoted stress susceptibility,while the stimulation of cAMP production in NAc D1-MSNs efficiently rescued depression-like behaviors.Ketamine treatment enhanced cAMP both in D1-MSNs and dopamine D2 receptor medium spiny neurons(D2-MSNs)of depressed mice,however,the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine solely depended on elevating cAMP in NAc D1-MSNs.We discovered that a higher dose of crocin markedly increased cAMP in the NAc and consistently relieved depression 24 h after oral administration,but not a lower dose.The fast onset property of crocin was verified through multicenter studies.Moreover,crocin specifically targeted at D1-MSN cAMP signaling in the NAc to relieve depression and had no effect on D2-MSN.These findings characterize a new strategy to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit by elevating cAMP in D1-MSNs in the NAc,and provide a potential rapid antidepressant drug candidate,crocin.

关键词： CAMP Nucleus accumbens Depression D1-MSN D2-MSN

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Coupling of Adhesion and Anti‑Freezing Properties in Hydrogel Electrolytes for Low‑Temperature Aqueous‑Based Hybrid Capacitors

引用

Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第2期16卷 15-31页

作者： Jingya Nan Yue Sun Fusheng Yang Yijing Zhang Yuxi li Zihao Wang Chuchu Wang Dingkun Wang Fuxiang Chu Chunpeng Wang Tianyu Zhu Jianchun Jiang Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products Chinese Academy of ForestryKey Laboratory of Biomass Energy and MaterialJiangsu ProvinceNanjing 210042JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Co‑Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037JiangsuPeople’s Republic of China Energy Technologies Area Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson UniversityClemsonSC 29634USA

Solid-state zinc-ion capacitors are emerging as promising candidates for large-scale energy storage owing to improved safety,mechanical and thermal stability and easy-to-direct stacking.Hydrogel electrolytes are appealing solid-state electrolytes because of eco-friendliness,high conductivity and intrinsic flexibility.However,the electrolyte/electrode interfacial contact and anti-freezing properties of current hydrogel electrolytes are still challenging for practical applications of zinc-ion capacitors.Here,we report a class of hydrogel electrolytes that couple high interfacial adhesion and anti-freezing performance.The synergy of tough hydrogel matrix and chemical anchorage enables a well-adhered interface between hydrogel electrolyte and electrode.Meanwhile,the cooperative solvation of ZnCl2 and liCl hybrid salts renders the hydrogel electrolyte high ionic conductivity and mechanical elasticity simultaneously at low temperatures.More significantly,the Zn||carbon nanotubes hybrid capacitor based on this hydrogel electrolyte exhibits low-temperature capacitive performance,delivering high-energy density of 39 Wh kg^(-1)at-60°C with capacity retention of 98.7%over 10,000 cycles.With the benefits of the well-adhered electrolyte/electrode interface and the anti-freezing hydrogel electrolyte,the Zn/li hybrid capacitor is able to accommodate dynamic deformations and function well under 1000 tension cycles even at-60°C.This work provides a powerful strategy for enabling stable operation of low-temperature zinc-ion capacitors.

关键词： Interfacial adhesion Anti-freezing Hydrogel electrolytes Low-temperature hybrid capacitors Dynamic deformati

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Glycolysis and gluconeogenesis are involved of glucose metabolism adaptation during fasting and re-feeding in black carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus)

引用

Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 226-233页

作者： Yafan Dai Yubang Shen Jiamin Guo Hao Yang Feng Chen Wei Zhang Wenhui Wu Xiaoyan Xu Jiale li Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Aquaculture Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China

Both in nature and in aquaculture,fish may experience periods of food scarcity or hunger.The metabolic regulation of fish when nutritional state changes is a complex process that involves many factors.To study glucose metabolism adaptability during fasting and re-feeding in the black carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus),we measured changes in some biochemical indicators related to glucose metabolism.Five fish were sampled on days 0,1,3,5,and 10 of fasting(F,S1,S3,S5,and S10,respectively)and days 1,3,and 5 of re-feeding(RF1,RF3,and RF5,respectively).The serum glucose concentration decreased significantly at S1,reached the lowest point at S10,and increased significantly at RF1(Pliver glycogen decreased significantly at S1 and reached the lowest level at S3,whereas the muscle glycogen level decreased significantly at S5 and reached the lowest value at S10(Pliver and muscle glycogen levels returned to the pre-fasting level at RF5(Ppk)and hexokinase(HK)decreased significantly at S5 and increased significantly at RF5 and RF1,respectively(Plin decreased significantly at S1 and increased significantly at RF1 and RF3,respectively(Pliver GCK and glucose transporter 2(GLUT2)decreased significantly at S1 and increased significantly at RF1 and RF5,respectively(Pliver G6PC and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase(PEPCK)increased significantly at S3 and S1,and both decreased significantly at RF1(P<0.05).These results indicate that coordination between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis might be crucial for glucose homeostasis du

关键词： Mylopharyngodon piceus Fasting Glucose metabolism Glycolysis Gluconeogenesis

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

依托咪酯中/长链脂肪乳注射液生物等效性研究设计的一般考虑

引用

中国临床药理学杂志 2024年第10期40卷 1541-1544页

作者：安娜李栋刘力力李芳哈莉莉任曼茹周誉国家药品监督管理局药品审评中心北京100076

依托咪酯通过可逆性地阻断11-β-羟化类固醇脱氢酶,从而抑制肾上腺细胞合成皮质醇。本品为特殊注射剂,在评估仿制药与参比制剂质量和疗效一致时,应在药学及非临床一致性的基础上,用逐步递进研究策略,首先进行人体生物等效性(BE)研究。... 详细信息

依托咪酯通过可逆性地阻断11-β-羟化类固醇脱氢酶,从而抑制肾上腺细胞合成皮质醇。本品为特殊注射剂,在评估仿制药与参比制剂质量和疗效一致时,应在药学及非临床一致性的基础上,用逐步递进研究策略,首先进行人体生物等效性(BE)研究。在BE研究中需对研究类型、给药剂量和方法、BE评价、安全性监测、药效学(PD)评价等方面进行充分考虑与合理设计。本文结合依托咪酯中/长链脂肪乳注射液的药代动力学(pk)特征,并基于其仿制药在国内上市前所开展的BE研究实例,系统探讨了本品BE研究的一般设计要求及相关考虑,旨在为国内仿制药的研发工作提供有益的参考和指导。

关键词：依托咪酯仿制药生物等效性研究安全性

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Hybrid post-processing effects of magnetic abrasive finishing and heat treatment on surface integrity and mechanical properties of additively manufactured Inconel 718 superalloys

引用

Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第33期128卷 10-21页

作者： Kun li Ruijin Ma Ming Zhang Wen Chen Xiaobin li David Z.Zhang Qian Tang lawrence E.Murr Jinfeng li Huajun Cao State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Metal Additive Manufacturing(3D Printing) Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China College of Engineering Mathematics and Physical SciencesUniversity of ExeterNorth Park RoadExeter EX44QFUK W.M.Keck Center for 3D Innovation University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA Department of Metallurgical Materials and Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTX 79968USA Institute of Materials China Academy of Engineering PhysicsMianyang 621908China

Desired microstructure and surface integrity are critical to achieving the high performance of additively manufactured components.In the present work,the hybrid post-processes of magnetic abrasive finishing(MAF)and post-heat treatment(HT)were applied to the additively manufactured Inconel718 superalloys.Their hybrid effects and influencing mechanism on the surface quality and mechanical properties of the additively manufactured samples have been studied comparatively.The results show that the MAF process effectively reduces the surface roughness by more than an order of magnitude due to the flexibility and geometric consistency of the magnetic particles and abrasives with the finished surfaces.The proper sequence of MAF and HT obtains enhanced mechanical properties for the homogenized-MAF-aged sample with the yield strength of 1147 MPa,the ultimate tensile strength of 1334 MPa,and the elongation of 22.9%,which exceeds the standard wrought material.The surface integrity,compressive residual stress field,and grain refinement induced by the MAF and subsequent aging heat treatment increase the cracking resistance and delay the fracture failure,which significantly benefits the mechanical properties.The MAF process combined with proper post-heat treatment provides an effective pathway to improve the mechanical properties of additively manufactured materials.

关键词： Magnetic abrasive finishing Additive manufacturing Inconel 718 Microstructure–property relationship Heat treatment

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

TCP-1,a novel peptide to diagnose early colon cancer

引用

Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第3期35卷 226-233页

作者： Hang Yu Baoying Wen Min Huang Ru Feng libin Pan Manyi Xu Hao lin lin Cong Sen Zhang Yan li Chi-Hin Cho Chongjing Zhang Xiaoguang Chen Yan Wang State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines Institute of Materia MedicaChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100050China School of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of MedicineThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong KongChina

A nine cyclic peptide(TCP-1)showed excellent specificity for colon cancer.TCP-1 binds with human tumor tissues at early stages and mice tumor with diameters of 1-4 mm,suggesting that TCP-1 may be used for early diagnosis of colon cancer.The mechanism of the targeted binding of TCP-1 to colon cancer was also studied using immunoprecipitation,LC-MS and bioinformatics.After screening and identifying of the possible binding target proteins of TCP-1,keratin,typeⅡcytoskeletal 5 was speculated to be the specific binding target protein of TCP-1 in human tumor tissue.Pharmacokinetics studies were conducted to investigate the target-mediated drug disposition of the new tumor-specific peptide by LC-MS/MS.The tissue distribution study showed that TCP-1 was found only in colon tumors(the target site)in tumor mice did not bind to any other tissues.Conjugating TCP-1 to tumor markedly increased its removal rate from blood circulation but mildly extended its staying time in vivo.In tumor mice,a lower AUC of TCP-1(reduced by almost 35%)and 2-fold higher clearance were found compared to that of normal mice.The proposed metabolic pathway of TCP-1 in the kidney was also determined using LC-MS^(n)-IT-TOF.The high specificity and low toxicity of the peptide may be caused by its extremely tight binding to the targets.Potential applications for future clinical use,including MRI and PET/CT were also explored,and this research may promote the development of colon cancer diagnostic technology research and provide new ideas and technical routes for tumor diagnostic technology.

关键词： Colon cancer TCP-1 Peptide Cytokeratin 5 Pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics(pk/PD)

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

An annually laminated stalagmite from the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides evidence of climate instability during the early MIS5e in the Asian summer monsoon

引用

Science China Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 1147-1164页

作者： Tao GAO Pingzhong ZHANG Hai CHENG Leilei ZHANG Xinhu li Hongyu SHI Wei JIA Youfeng NING Hanying li R.lawrence EDWARDS Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China(Gansu Province)and School of Earth Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Institute of Global Environmental Change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710054China Department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis55455USA

The Marine Isotope Stage(MIS5e)is characterized by a warmer climate than that of the pre-industrial period,and serves as an analog for the Current Warm Period(CWP).However,uncertainties persist regarding its climatic stability.Here,we retrieved a stalagmite(WXB075)from Wanxiang Cave in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and employed abs-olute^(230)Th dating and relative annual layer data to establish a high-precision chronological framework for reconstructing the history of the Asian summer monsoon(ASM)and environmental evolution during early MIS5e with multiple proxies.The findings indicate that the annually laminated stalagmite was formed during Cooling Event 27(C27).The deposition of WXB075 experienced a hiatus(~125.58 ka BP)due to a significant cooling event in the North Atlantic,which may be linked to the unstable climate in the Northern Hemisphere.Additionally,the impact of meltwater discharge in high northern latitudes results in a two-phase evolution of the ASM,i.e.,an initial weaker stage followed by a gradual increase(with exception of deposition hiatus).The climatic instability of ASM is generally characterized by a quasi-60 year cycle that affects vegetation conditions,biological productivity,and karst hydroclimate dynamics.However,the increase in meltwater and decrease in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere have led to a weakened ASM and subsequent reduction in precipitation.Consequently,vegetation degradation above the cave has occurred along with a slowdown of karst hydroclimate.The vegetation conditions,organic matter content,and wet/drought of the karst hydroclimate were affected by both the large-scale monsoon circulation and local environment during extreme weakening(strengthening)of the monsoon when high-frequency climatic events of ASM occurred.A comparison ofδ^(18)O records between early MIS5e and the past 2000 years reveals that the climate during early MIS5e differed significantly from that of CWP,Medieval Warm Period(MWP),and Dark Age Cold Period(DACP)but was similar to little Ice Age

关键词： Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Climate instability Wanxiang Cave stalagmite Asian summer monsoon Environmental response Deposition hiatus

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：