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Science china Earth Sciences 2023年第5期66卷 1147-1164页

作者： Tao GAO Pingzhong ZHANG Hai cHENG Leilei ZHANG Xinhu LI Hongyu SHI Wei JIA Youfeng NING Hanying LI R.lawrence EDWARDS Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western china(Gansu Province)and School of Earth Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China Institute of Global Environmental change Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an710054China Department of Earth Sciences University of MinnesotaMinneapolis55455USA

The Marine Isotope Stage(MIS5e)is characterized by a warmer climate than that of the pre-industrial period,and serves as an analog for the current Warm Period(cWP).However,uncertainties persist regarding its climatic ***,we retrieved a stalagmite(WXB075)from Wanxiang cave in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and employed abs-olute^(230)Th dating and relative annual layer data to establish a high-precision chronological framework for reconstructing the history of the Asian summer monsoon(ASM)and environmental evolution during early MIS5e with multiple *** findings indicate that the annually laminated stalagmite was formed during cooling Event 27(c27).The deposition of WXB075 experienced a hiatus(~125.58 ka BP)due to a significant cooling event in the North Atlantic,which may be linked to the unstable climate in the Northern ***,the impact of meltwater discharge in high northern latitudes results in a two-phase evolution of the ASM,i.e.,an initial weaker stage followed by a gradual increase(with exception of deposition hiatus).The climatic instability of ASM is generally characterized by a quasi-60 year cycle that affects vegetation conditions,biological productivity,and karst hydroclimate ***,the increase in meltwater and decrease in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere have led to a weakened ASM and subsequent reduction in ***,vegetation degradation above the cave has occurred along with a slowdown of karst *** vegetation conditions,organic matter content,and wet/drought of the karst hydroclimate were affected by both the large-scale monsoon circulation and local environment during extreme weakening(strengthening)of the monsoon when high-frequency climatic events of ASM occurred.A comparison ofδ^(18)O records between early MIS5e and the past 2000 years reveals that the climate during early MIS5e differed significantly from that of cWP,Medieval Warm Period(MWP),and Dark Age co

关键词： Eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau climate instability Wanxiang cave stalagmite Asian summer monsoon Environmental response Deposition hiatus

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Physical activity in persons with Parkinson disease: A feasibility study

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Health 2012年第11期4卷 1145-1152页

作者： c. Allyson Jones Marguerite Wieler Jennifer carvajal Logan lawrence Robert Haennel Department of Physical Therapy University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation University of Alberta Edmonton Canada

Background: Physical activity for persons with Parkinson Disease (PD) is recommended yet little is known about the physical activity levels in this patient population. The primary aim was to assess the feasibility of using a direct measurement and self-report measure of physical activity in patients with PD. Methods: Physical activity was recorded in 11 out-patients with mild to moderate PD. An accelerometer based sensor system (SenseWear Pro Armband?) which was worn continuously over 2 days was used to measure physical activity. Minute by minute energy expenditure and steps per day were recorded. Self-report physical activity was measured using the Short QUestionnaire to ASsess Health-enhancing physical activity (SQUASH) which assessed average weekly activity. Results: Using the accelerometer based sensor system, 83% of the day was spent in sedentary activity with the majority active time spent at a light intensity (2.7 [SD 2.0] hrs/day). Self-reported mean number of hours for activities greater than 2.0 METs was 3.4 (SD 1.5) hrs/day. Although the overall time spent in activity did not differ between the accelerometer and SQUASH, partici- pants reported a higher proportion of activities at the moderate and vigorous intensities than the accelerometer recorded. conclusions: Measurement of physical activity is a challenge in persons with PD given the disease-related symptoms. We found that, by all accounts, a self-report measure of physical activity should be complemented with a direct measure of physical activity.

关键词： Parkinson Disease Physical Activity Quality of Life Exercise Test

Gel casting of PZT pillar arrays for high frequency ultrasonic medical imaging applications

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Gel casting of PZT pillar arrays for high frequency ultrason...

Genetic Testing in Professional Football:Perspectives of Key Stakeholders

2011 World congress on Engineering and Technology(cET 2011)

作者： H.hughes c.Meggs T.W.Button School of Metallurgy and Materials University of Birmingham

In this paper we report ultrafine PZT （lead zirconate titanate） pillar arrays for high frequency ultrasonic transducers application by gel casting fabricated using a water soluble resin as a gel *** effect of the amount of hardener addition and ceramic solids loading on the rheological properties and the effect of resin content on the mechanical strength has been *** green strengths of 36.8 MPa have been obtained from gel cast PZT green bodies with 45 vol % solids loading containing 20 wt% of epoxy resin in the premixed *** structures with lateral features down to 2 μm and aspect ratios up to 30 have been demoulded without *** PZT samples are homogenous with low porosity and also show good piezoelectric properties.

关键词： gel casting PZT ultrasonic transducer

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2022年第1期4卷 49-59页

作者： Alexander B.T.McAuley David c.hughes Loukia G.Tsaprouni Ian Varley Bruce Suraci homas R.Roos Adam J.Herbert Adam L.Kelly Faculty of Health Education and Life SciencesBirmingham City UniversityBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Department of Sport Science Nottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK Academy coaching Department AFC BournemouthBournemouthUK The International Academy of Sports Science and Technology(AISTS) University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Department of Life Sciences Birmingham City UniversityCity South CampusWestbourne RoadEdgbastonBirmingham B153TNUK

Purpose Genetic research in football is currently in it’s infancy but is growing ***,the practical application of genetic testing in football and the views concerning its use are ***,the purpose of this study was to assess the current practical application of genetic testing in professional football and provide an insight into the perspectives of key stakeholders(i.e.,coaches,practitioners,players).Methods In total,122 participants completed an online anonymous *** consisted of 21 multiple choice and Likert scale questions,with the option of providing an explanation for each *** Findings revealed genetic testing is rarely utilised by key stakeholders(10%)or their respective organisations(14%).However,three quarters(75%)had the opinion that genetic testing will have great utility in the *** majority(72%)believed genetic testing should be used for athlete development and injury risk,whilst 35%believed that genetic testing should be utilised for talent identification ***,most key stakeholders viewed their own(89%)and their col-leagues’(79%)knowledge related to genetic testing as insufficient;mainly due to ineffective current communication methods(91%).Most believed educational workshops are required(71%),whilst nearly all(91%)were interested in developing their expertise on the utility of genetic *** Genetic testing is rarely used within professional football,although key stakeholders anticipate that it will be utilised more in the *** such,educational support may prove valuable in improving key stakeholder knowledge and the practical application of genetic testing in professional football.

关键词： Soccer Talent identification Athlete development Genetics

A Systematic Review of the Genetic Predisposition to Injury in Football

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2023年第2期5卷 97-115页

作者： Alexander B.T.McAuley David c.hughes Loukia G.Tsaprouni Ian Varley Bruce Suraci Thomas R.Roos Adam J.Herbert Daniel T.Jackson Adam L.Kelly Faculty of Health Education and Life SciencesBirmingham City UniversityBirminghamWest MidlandsUK Department of Sport Science Nottingham Trent UniversityNottinghamUK Academy coaching Department AFC BournemouthBournemouthUK The International Academy of Sports Science and Technology(AISTS) University of LausanneLausanneSwitzerland Department of Life Sciences Birmingham City UniversityCity South CampusWestbourne RoadEdgbaston B153TNUK

Purpose Synthesise genetic association studies investigating injury involving football players to identify which genetic variants have the most empirical evidence to *** A comprehensive search of the PubMed,SPORTDiscus,and MEDLINE databases until March 11th 2022 identi-fied 34 *** criteria:primary investigations,included football players,examined the association of a genetic variant with injury,and were published in *** of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.A narrative synthesis summarised *** There were 33 candidate gene studies and one genome-wide study,with 9642 participants across all studies(range=43–1311;median=227).Ninety-nine polymorphisms were assessed within 63 ***-one polymorphisms were associated with injury *** polymorphisms had their specific allelic associations with injury replicated twice in independent cohorts:AcTN3(rs1815739)XX genotype was associated with an increased susceptibility to non-contact muscle injuries,AcAN(rs1516797)G allele was associated with increased susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament(AcL)injuries,and VEGFA(rs2010963)cc genotype was associated with an increased susceptibility to AcL and ligament or tendon ***,several methodological issues(e.g.,small sample sizes,cohort heterogeneity,and population stratification)are prevalent that limit the reliability and external validity of *** At present,the evidence base supporting the integration of genetic information as a prognostic or diagnosis tool for injury risk in football is *** participation of organisations in international consortia is suggested to combat the current methodological issues and subsequently improve clarity concerning the underlying genetic contribution to injury susceptibility.

关键词： Soccer Genomics Polymorphism Snp Susceptibility

Inducing Fe 3d Electron Delocalization and Spin‑State Transition of FeN_(4) Species Boosts Oxygen Reduction Reaction for Wearable Zinc–Air Battery

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Nano-Micro Letters 2023年第4期15卷 23-39页

作者： Shengmei chen Xiongyi Liang Sixia Hu Xinliang Li Guobin Zhang Shuyun Wang Longtao Ma chi‑Man lawrence Wu chunyi Zhi Juan Antonio Zapien Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077People’s Republic of China Sustech core Research Facilities Southern University of Science and Technology1088 Xueyuan BlvdShenzhenGuangdong 518055People’s Republic of China Frontiers Science center for Flexible Electronics Institute of Flexible ElectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710072People’s Republic of China Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua UniversityShenzhenGuangdong518055People’s Republic of China

Transition metal-nitrogen-carbon materials(M-N-cs),particularly Fe-N-cs,have been found to be electroactive for accelerating oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)*** substantial efforts have been devoted to design Fe-N-cs with increased active species content,surface area,and electronic conductivity,their performance is still far from ***,there is limited research about regulation on the electronic spin states of Fe centers for Fe-N-cs electrocatalysts to improve their catalytic ***,we introduce Ti_(3)c_(2) MXene with sulfur terminals to regulate the electronic configuration of FeN_(4) species and dramatically enhance catalytic activity toward *** MXene with sulfur terminals induce the spin-state transition of FeN_(4) species and Fe 3d electron delocalization with d band center upshift,enabling the Fe(II)ions to bind oxygen in the end-on adsorption mode favorable to initiate the reduction of oxygen and boosting oxygen-containing groups adsorption on FeN_(4) species and ORR *** resulting FeN_(4)-Ti_(3)c_(2)Sx exhibits comparable catalytic performance to those of commercial *** developed wearable ZABs using FeN_(4)-Ti_(3)c_(2)Sx also exhibit fast kinetics and excellent *** study confirms that regulation of the electronic structure of active species via coupling with their support can be a major contributor to enhance their catalytic activity.

关键词： Fe 3d electron delocalization Spin-state transition Oxygen reduction reaction Wearable zinc-air batteries

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Summer Monsoon Rainfall Variability in central china over the Past 4700 Years and Its Possible Link to Solar Activity

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第4期35卷 594-606页

作者： Jingwei ZHANG Kan ZHAO Xinggong KONG Yongjin WANG Xianfang WANG Shushuang LIU Zhenjun WANG Hai cHENG R.lawrence EDWARDS School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China School of Geography Science Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023China Key Laboratory ofPoyang LakeWetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal UniversityNanchang 330022China Lanling NO.4 Middle School Linyi 277700China Institute of Global Environmental change Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Geology and Geophysics University of MinnesotaMinneapolis MN55455USA

Based on 467 pairs ofδ^(18)O andδ^(13)c records and 8230 Th dates from a stalagmite(BF4)from Xiniu cave,central china,we present a reconstruction of 9-yr resolution monsoon rainfall record for the past 4700 ***δ^(18)O record shows good coherence with East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)rainfall proxies from adjacent regions during the overlapping intervals,suggesting thatδ^(18)O signal in BF4 can be interpreted as a monsoon rainfall ***δ^(13) c variations are related to changes in local processes at the cave site,and regional rainfall and temperature *** on theδ18 O record,a series of dry periods can be identified at 4500-4200,3500-3200,2800-2500,1900-1600,1400-1200,700-500,and 400-200 yr BP,while a series of wet periods can be identified at 4200-3600,2400-2200,3200-2800,1100-900,600-400,and 200-100 yr *** spectrum analysis on ourδ^(18) O record reveals significant cycles at 470 and 80 yr,coinciding with the typical solar periodic *** result suggests that changes in solar activity play a dominant role in driving centennial-decadal monsoon rainfall variation in central *** to minor changes in solar irradiance(less than 1.5 W m^(-2))over the past 4700 years,our record was further compared to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO)proxies,confirming that solar forcing on monsoon rainfall changes might be amplified by the ENSO and PDO *** 600 to 150 yr BP(the Little Ice Age,LIA),a positive shift of 2‰can be revealed in both theδ^(18)O andδ^(13)c records,indicating a cold/dry climatic *** comparing ourδ^(18)O andδ^(13)c records with historical documents,we suggest that the climatic deteriorations between 450 and 250 yr BP may have caused serious social unrest at the end of the Ming Dynasty.

关键词： stalagmite record Xiniu cave solar activity El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO) Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO) amplify mechanism Little Ice Age(LIA)

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A phase I study with Satraplatin and simultaneous chest radiation for non-small cell lung cancer

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Advances in Lung cancer 2012年第3期1卷 13-19页

作者： Puneeth Iyengar Joseph c. Hodges Randall hughes Michael DiMaio Michael Petrone Soyong Yun Hak choy Department of Radiation Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Dallas USA Department of Thoracic Medical Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Dallas USA Department of Thoracic Surgical Oncology University of Texas Southwestern Dallas USA Formerly of GPc Biotech Princeton USA

Introduction: Satraplatin has been given in combination therapy for lung cancer to utilize its radio-sensitizing properties. The optimal dose of satra-platin given concurrently with radiation therapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSc-Lc) has not been defined. This phase I trial attempts to identify a maximally tolerated dose (MTD) and dose limiting toxicity (DLT) for Satraplatin given con-currently with radiation for locally advanced N-ScLc. Patients and Methods: 15 patients with histologically confirmed Stage IIIA/B NScLc entered onto this study with four dose escalations (10 to 40 mg daily) of Satraplatin. Eligibility included patients with NScLc and one of the following criteria: 1) previously untreated, inoperable disease and planned to receive radiation therapy to primary disease site;2) previously resected disease with mediastinal relapse;or 3) metastatic disease in no more than one distant site. Results: The most common toxicities reported were all grades of fatigue (n = 9), nausea (n = 9), constipation (n = 7), fever (n = 7), and vomiting (n = 6). No DLT at the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd dose levels was identified. At the 4th dose level, one patient developed grade III elevation of liver function tests (LFTs) and a second patient developed grade III diarrhea with fever requiring hospitalization. There were 8 partial responses out of 11 evaluable patients for response (RR 67%). conclusion: Elevated LFTs and diarrhea appear to be the principal DLTs of concurrent daily oral Satraplatin and thoracic radiation in the outpatient setting. The MTD of concurrent Satraplatin with thoracic radiation therapy appears to be 40 mg daily.

关键词： Non-Small cell Lung cancer chemoradiation Satraplatin Phase I Study Toxicity

Six steps for building a technological knowledge base for future taxonomic work

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National Science Review 2022年第12期9卷 19-21页

作者： Michael c.Orr Anderson Feijó Douglas chesters Alfried P.Vogler Silas Bossert Rafael R.Ferrari Mark John costello Alice c.hughes Lars Krogmann John S.Ascher Xin Zhou De-Zhu Li Ming Bai Jun chen Deyan Ge Arong Luo Gexia Qiao Paul H.Williams Ai-bing Zhang Keping Ma Feng Zhang chao-Dong Zhu Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Entomologie Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart Department of Life Sciences Silwood Park Campus Imperial College London Natural History Museum Department of Entomology Washington State University Department of Entomology National Museum of Natural History Smithsonian Institution Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture Nord University School of Biological Sciences University of Hong Kong Department of Biological Sciences National University of Singapore Department of Entomology China Agricultural University Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences college of Life Sciences Capital Normal University Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Entomology College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences college of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Species are the principal category we use to study,understand,and conserve the natural world,so how we define species has a cascading impact across fields,well beyond biology [1].Despite such importance,debate on species concepts continues to this day ([2] 2020),with consequences for what organisms we recognize,study and *** the wealth of life forms on our planet,

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