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Open Journal of Statistics 2016年第3期6卷 412-425页

作者： lawal omoniyi ganiyu Alabi Nurudeen Olawale Ige Sikiru Ajibade Ibraheem Rahmat Abisola Department of Statistics Yaba College of Technology Lagos Nigeria Department of Mathematics Yaba College of Technology Lagos Nigeria

This paper is an empirical analysis of provisional unrestricted level relationship between Nigerian domestic output measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and government spending proxied by capital and recurrent expenditures in the presence of static regressors such as crude oil prices and federal government retained revenues. We estimate an ARDL (1,0,1) using a single-equation approach. Results show that government expenditures have negative but statistically insignificant effects on domestic output in the long-run. Similarly, negative short run effects are established amongst the variables. However, recurrent expenditure is statistically significant in the short-run. Whilst federal government retained revenue has a positive and significant effect, crude oil price exhibited negative relationships with domestic output both at level and in the short-run dynamics. Also a high speed of adjustment implies that Nigerian Gross Domestic Product is extremely sensitive to shocks on the government spending in the long-run. An upward trend forecast between 2014 and 2020 is an indication of the continued positive impact and the government retained revenue will exert on the domestic output in the long-run.

关键词： Level Relationship Domestic Output Government Spending Single-Equation Approach

Characteristics of Biodegradable Implants

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2014年第2期2卷 88-106页

作者： Samson Oluropo Adeosun ganiyu Ishola lawal Oluwashina Philips Gbenebor Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

The development of synthetic biomaterials for bone fixations has greatly enhanced orthopedic surgery efficiency over the last two decades. With the advancement in medical technology, several materials such as metals, ceramics, polymers and composites have been considered over the years for possible implantation into the body. These materials however, must have the following required properties that will qualify them as potential medical devices: biocompatibility, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, creep resistance, etc. The quest in making up for the disadvantages of metallic fixations has culminated in a paradigm shift to the use of biodegradable polymers. Biodegradable polymers are light-weight materials with low elastic moduli between 0.4 - 7 GPa. These materials can be engineered to degrade at rates that will slowly transfer load to the bone. In addition, complications like corrosion, release of metal ions and stress shielding associated with metal implants are eliminated. This review considers studies carried out on most commonly investigated and widely used synthetic biodegradable polymers, their successes and limitations. It also provides process for efficient utilization of these polymers as bone fixtures without inflammation and stress shielding.

关键词： Biodegradable Elastic Moduli Inflammation Orthopedics Stress Shielding

Enhancement of Insulating Refractory Properties of Selected Nigeria Fire-Clays Using Coconut Shell

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and Engineering 2015年第6期3卷 458-468页

作者： Eugenia Obiageli Obidiegwu David Ehigie Esezobor Johnson Olumuyiwa Agunsoye ganiyu Ishola lawal Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria

The use of coconut shell particulates to enhance the insulating refractory properties of Ukpor, Osiele and Kankara fireclays in Nigeria was studied in this paper. The chemical analysis of the raw materials was conducted using Atomic Absorption spectrometer. The samples used for different tests were prepared by mixing the clay, bentonite and coconut shell, of grain sizes of 212 - 600 μm. The prepared samples were air and oven dried for 24 hours at room temperature and at 110°C respectively. The samples were then fired at different temperatures in the range of 950°C to 1200°C at 50°C interval and at 2.5°C/min. The fired samples were investigated for their physical, insulating (thermal) and mechanical properties. Micro-structural examination was also carried out. The results indicate that clays with 25 wt% - 30 wt% coconut shell and grain sizes of 212 - 300 μm fired at 1150°C - 1200°C possess enhanced mechanical, physical and insulating (thermal) properties. The SEM micrograph revealed the formation of mullite phase in the bricks fired at 1150°C. Thus, high quality refractory bricks with enhanced insulating properties could be produced from Ukpor, Osiele and Kankara fire-clays blended with coconut shell particulates.

关键词： Insulation Mechanical Strength Porosity Thermal-Conductivity

Properties of Bacillus species Cellulase Produced Using Cellulose from Brewers Spent Grain (BSG) as Substrate

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2016年第3期7卷 142-148页

作者： Frank Anayo Orji Ekaette Nduka Dike Adekunle Kolawole lawal Abdulateef omoniyi Sadiq Yewande Suberu Ariyo Caleb Famotemi Agatha Isioma Ugbana Folake Fashola Blossom Ita Samuel Olakiitan Olatope Emoleila Ejiya Itoandoan Abimbola Olajumoke Adefiranye Gloria Nwakaegho Elemo Department of Biotechnology Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi (FIIRO) Ikeja Nigeria Department of Project Designs and Development Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi (FIIRO) Ikeja Nigeria Department of Food Technology Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi (FIIRO) Ikeja Nigeria

The properties of extracellular cellulase obtained from Bacillus species (FIIRO Strain B223) on supplying cellulose from Brewers Spent Grain (BSG) were studied. Generally, a crude cellulase activity between 11,757 Units to 13,930 Units was observed for both sources of carbon (BSG and crystalline cellulose). The optimum pH and temperature of 5.0, and 30°C - 40°C for both sources of carbon was observed. Heavy metals such as copper, zinc, and iron inhibited the activities of B223 cellulase while the cellulase activities on alkaline earth metal (manganese) were moderate. The co-factor behaviour of manganese ion was also established. Local production of cellulase in Nigeria using local raw materials such as Brewers Spent Grain reduces enzyme cost;cost of finished products and increases gross domestic products.

关键词： Cellulase Bacillus species Crude Activities Temperature pH Tolerance Brewers Spent Grains (BSG)

COVID-19 Spread Patterns Is Unrelated to Malaria Co-Infections in Lagos, Nigeria

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2020年第4期10卷 200-215页

作者： Olufemi Samuel Amoo Olugbenga Olanrewaju Aina Azuka Patrick Okwuraiwe Chika Kingsley Onwuamah Joseph Ojonugwa Shaibu Fehintola Ige Kelly Owaneze Hammed Olanrewaju Agboola Dorcas Njeri Kareithi Tochukwu Ifeanyi Onuigbo Amaka Stephanie Ikemefuna Joy Isioma Oraegbu Ebenezer Olusoji Odewale Leona Chika Okoli Olusola Ajibaye Ayorinde Babatunde James ganiyu Idris Greg Ohihoin Bosun Tijani Temmie Giwa-Tunbosun Richard Adegbola Babatunde lawal Salako Rosemary Ajuma Audu Centre for Human Virology and Genomics Microbiology Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Biochemistry Department Nigerian Institute of Medical Research Lagos Nigeria Co-Creation Hub Lagos Nigeria Lifebank Lagos Nigeria

Malaria and COVID-19, though caused by different organisms, share a significant number of symptoms like fever, headaches, difficulty in breathing and fatigue. Therefore, determining if a patient is positive for COVID-19 or Malaria based on symptoms alone, might be misleading, especially during pandemic response. It has been reported that an individual begins to manifest Malaria symptoms between 10 - 15 days after infection with malaria parasite, although some individuals may be asymptomatic. Some COVID-19 infected patients, like Malaria, are also asymptomatic but could contribute to transmission of SARS-CoV-2 virus. These similarities in symptoms have led to misconception about COVID-19 being real and misdiagnoses of both infections, especially in Nigeria. However, there are possibilities that Malaria and COVID-19 could co-exist in some individuals thereby leading to mismanagement and treatment of only one infection while neglecting the possibility of the patient being infected with both diseases. We aim to determine possible correlation between Malaria and COVID-19 in a Malaria endemic country like Nigeria. This study was carried out using the qPCR molecular testing approach, a gold standard for COVID-19 testing and rapid diagnostic test kits to detect Malaria parasites in 617 individuals residing in urban settings. We demonstrated that COVID-19 and Malaria infection amongst adults in urban settings are unrelated thereby focusing on symptoms alone may result in misdiagnosis. Our findings show that Malaria is not among the underlying medical conditions strongly associated with increased risk for severe COVID-19 illness amongst adults in urban settings.

关键词： Malaria COVID-19 Symptoms

COVID-19 Spread Patterns Is Unrelated to Malaria Co-Infections in Lagos, Nigeria

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