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Discrimination of conspecifics from heterospecifics in a hybrid zone: Behavioral and chemical cues in ants

Insect Science 2022年第1期29卷 276-288页

作者： Marion Cordonnier Bernard Kaufmann laurent simon Gilles Escarguel Nathalie Mondy Univ Lyon Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1CNRSENTPEUMR 5023 LEHNAF-69622VilleurbanneFrance

Species and nestmate recognition in social insects occurs mostly through cuticular hydrocarbons acting as chemical cues. These compounds generate a colony-specific odor profile depending on genetic and environmental factors. Species and nestmate recognition results in specific behavioral responses, regulating the level of aggression toward other individuals during an interaction. Although species discrimination and recognition cues have been poorly studied in the context of interspecific hybridization, such systems offer an opportunity to further investigate the influence of heritable and environmental factors on recognition. We explored the strength of discrimination in a hybrid zone between two ant species—Tetramorium immigrans and T. caespitum—by comparing cuticular hydrocarbon profiles and measuring intra- and interspecific worker aggression in both areas of sympatry and areas of allopatry among species. Species cuticular hydrocarbon profiles were well-differentiated and interspecific aggression was high, revealing highly discriminating species recognition cues. Hybrids’ cuticular hydrocarbon profiles consisted of a mixture of the parental bouquets, but also exhibited hybrid-specific patterns. Behavioral assays showed that T. immigrans is as aggressive toward hybrids as toward heterospecifics. Finally, aggression between heterospecific workers was lower when interacting individuals came from areas of sympatry among species than from areas of allopatry. Taken as a whole, these findings paint a particularly complex picture of the recognition system in T. immigrans, T. caespitum, and their hybrids, and highlight that hybrid zones afford a still underexplored opportunity for investigating recognition mechanisms and discrimination between species.

关键词： aggressive behavior ants cuticular hydrocarbons hybrid zone recognition cues Tetramorium

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Ordinary Biodiversity, Local Stakeholders and Forest Management as a Driver for Regional Sustainable Development

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Open Journal of Forestry 2014年第3期4卷 249-258页

作者： Hervé Brédif laurent simon Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne UMR LADYSS CNRS Institut de Géographie Paris France

The protection of biodiversity which had long been bounded up with emblematic “natural” spaces is now increasingly focusing on ordinary biodiversity and rural agricultural land and forests as well as on urban and peri-urban spaces. Such ordinary biodiversity has its own specific features which make it both a relative and uncertain topic of research. Traditional nature protection instruments do not work on this dimension of the planet’s living tissue and new tools need to be deployed in conjunction with regional and local stakeholders that will provide long-term sustainable solutions for biodiversity and for local and regional development more generally. Research conducted on the Plateau de Millevaches explores the possibilities for shared caring for this biodiversity.

关键词： Biodiversity Conservation Forest Stakeholder Participation Decision Making

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用于加氢反应的催化剂及其制备

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乙醛醋酸化工 2014年第4期 54-55页

作者： simon laurent

本发明涉及到含有载体的催化剂,载体包括至少一种粘结剂和至少一种沸石以及至少一系列通道,由含12个氧原子限定的通道是开放的,所说催化剂包含磷,至少一种C1~C4二烷基丁二酸酯,醋酸和氢化-脱氢功能团,官能团含有至少一个族ⅥB元素和至... 详细信息

本发明涉及到含有载体的催化剂,载体包括至少一种粘结剂和至少一种沸石以及至少一系列通道,由含12个氧原子限定的通道是开放的,所说催化剂包含磷,至少一种C1~C4二烷基丁二酸酯,醋酸和氢化-脱氢功能团,官能团含有至少一个族ⅥB元素和至少一个族Ⅷ元素。

关键词：加氢反应丁二酸二烷基功能团转化反应杂多罗曼 laurent

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沉淀-氧化硅生产方法

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乙醛醋酸化工 2014年第4期 55-55页

作者： simon laurent

本发明涉及到独特的沉淀-氧化硅生产方法,方法包括硅酸盐与酸的沉淀反应,在该方法中,使用的酸是浓缩酸,优先从下述酸中选择:浓度至少80质量%的硫酸,特别是浓度至少90质量%的硫酸,浓度至少90质量%的醋酸和甲酸,浓度至少60质量%

关键词：生产方法 laurent

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Development of a short duration method to assess the envelope thermal performance of multi-family housings

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Building Simulation 2023年第4期16卷 527-545页

作者： Lorena de Carvalho Araujo simon Thébault laurent Mora Thomas Recht Alain Sempey Patrick Schalbart Michae Cohen CSTB 84 Av.Jean JauresChamps-sur-Marne77420France Bordeaux University 351 Cours de la LiberationTalence33405France MINES ParisTech Centre for Energy Efficiency of Systems5 rue Léon BlumPalaiseau91120France

Building energy efficiency is a key factor in reducing CO_(2) *** this reason,European Union(EU)member states have developed thermal regulations to ensure building thermal *** results are often based on results achieved with building simulation software during the design ***,the actual thermal performance can deviate significantly from the predicted one,and this difference is known as the energy performance *** indicators of the actual thermal performance are a valuable tool to guarantee building *** indicators,including the heat transfer coefficient(HTC)and the heat loss coefficient(HLC),can be estimated by the application of in situ *** multi-family housing and tertiary sector buildings are an important part of the building stock,mature methods to measure their thermal performance are *** paper presents a short-duration method for assessing the HTC in large building typologies using a sampling *** method was applied in a four-storey building model under different conditions to study the limits of the method and to improve indicator bias and *** quality was strongly influenced by the external weather conditions,the temperature variation during the protocol and the heat exchange with the adjacent *** winter conditions and with stable indoor temperatures,the method had a high accuracy when the protocol was applied for half a *** is recommended that the protocol be used over two days to improve indicator quality under less favorable test conditions.

关键词： building envelope thermal performance HTC estimation multi-family housing

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Population isolation shapes plant genetics, phenotype and germination in naturally patchy ecosystems

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2017年第4期10卷 649-659页

作者： laurent De Vriendt Marc-AndréLemay Martine Jean Sébastien Renaut Stéphanie Pellerin simon Joly François Belzile Monique Poulin Département de Phytologie Facultédes Sciences de l’Agriculture et de l’AlimentationUniversitéLaval2425 rue de l’agriculture QuébecQuébec G1V 0A6Canada Québec Center for Biodiversity Science Department of BiologyMcGill UniversityStewart Biology Building1205 Dr.Penfield AvenueMontréal H3A 1B1Canada Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes(IBIS) UniversitéLaval1030 avenue de la MédecineQuébec G1V 0A6Canada Institut de recherche en biologie végétale Département des Sciences biologiquesUniversitéde Montréal4101 Sherbrooke EstMontréal H1X 2B2Canada Jardin botanique de Montréal 4101 Sherbrooke EstMontréal H1X 2B2Canada

Aims Habitat connectivity is important in conservation since isolation can diminish the potential of a population for adaptation and increase its risk of ***,conservation of naturally patchy ecosystems such as peatlands has mainly focused on preserving specific sites with exceptional characteristics,neglecting the poten-tial interconnectivity between *** order to better under-stand plant dynamics within a peatland network,we assessed the effect of population isolation on genetic distinctiveness,phenotypic variations and germination rates using the peatland-obligate white-fringed orchid(Platanthera blephariglottis).Methods Fifteen phenotypic traits were measured for 24 individuals per pop-ulation(20 distinct populations,Quebec,Canada)and germination rates of nearly 20000 seeds were *** distinctiveness was quantified for 26 populations using single nucleotide polymor-phism markers obtained via a pooled genotyping-by-sequencing *** isolation was measured as the distance to the nearest population and as the number of populations occurring in concentric buffer zones(within a radius of 2,5 and 10 km)around the studied *** Findings All phenotypic traits showed significant differences among *** results also indicated a pattern of isolation-by-distance,which suggests that seed and/or pollen exchange is restricted ***,all phenotypic traits,as well as a reduced germination rate,were correlated with either geographic isolation or genetic *** conclude that geographic iso-lation likely restricts gene flow,which in turn may affect ***,it is imperative that conservation programs take into account the patchy nature of such ecosystems,rather than targeting a few specific sites with exceptional character for preservation.

关键词： trait variation population genetics peatland orchid Platanthera blepharigottis genotyping by sequencing GBS

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Multi-Model Ensemble Projection of Precipitation Changes over China under Global Warming of 1.5 and 2℃ with Consideration of Model Performance and Independence

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第1期35卷 184-197页

作者： Tong LI Zhihong JIANG Lilong ZHAO laurent LI Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environmental Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD) Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education(KLME)/CIC-FEMDNanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique L’Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace(IPSL)Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(CNRS)Sorbonne UniversitéEcole Normale SupérieureEcole PolytechniqueParis 75005France

A weighting scheme jointly considering model performance and independence(PI-based weighting scheme) is employed to deal with multi-model ensemble prediction of precipitation over China from 17 global climate models. Four precipitation metrics on mean and extremes are used to evaluate the model performance and independence. The PIbased scheme is also compared with a rank-based weighting scheme and the simple arithmetic mean(AM) scheme. It is shown that the PI-based scheme achieves notable improvements in western China, with biases decreasing for all parameters. However, improvements are small and almost insignificant in eastern China. After calibration and validation, the scheme is used for future precipitation projection under the 1.5 and 2℃ global warming targets(above preindustrial level). There is a general tendency to wetness for most regions in China, especially in terms of extreme precipitation. The PI scheme shows larger inhomogeneity in spatial distribution. For the total precipitation PRCPTOT(95 th percentile extreme precipitation R95 P), the land fraction for a change larger than 10%(20%) is 22.8%(53.4%)in PI, while 13.3%(36.8%) in AM, under 2℃ global warming. Most noticeable increase exists in central and east parts of western China.

关键词： model performance and independence multi-model ensemble mean and extreme precipitation future projection 1.5 and 2℃global warming

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Sino-French Seminar of Meeting the New Challenges of Territorial and City Planning

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China City Planning Review 2020年第2期29卷 6-23页

作者： Shi Weiliang Eric Huybrechts Yin Zhi simon Teyssou Zheng Xiaojin laurent Coudroy de Lille Wu Tinghai Olivier Chadoin Li Min Qian Fang Beijing Municipal Commission of Planning and Natural Resources International Affairs Institute Paris Region Institute for China Sustainable Urbanization Tsinghua University Institute for Urban Governance and Sustainable Development Tsinghua University School of Architecture Tsinghua University the National Graduate School of Architecture Clermont-Ferrand Beijing Tsinghua Tongheng Urban Planning and Design Institute the Academic Committee of Master Planning Urban Planning Society of China Ecole d’urbanisme de ParisLab’urba(UPEC) Department of Urban Planning and Design School of ArchitectureTsinghua University ENSAP Bordeaux PAVE–Centre Emile Durkheim(CNRS 5116) 不详

Introduction Both China and France have a long history of urban and rural planning and governance, and lately the topics, such as urban and rural living quality, natural resources management, and natural and cultural heritage, have become the focuses of public policy that emphasizes improving people’s living conditions and promoting regional harmonious development. Moreover, the above topics have been regarded as the most important points in the bilateral cooperation agreements between China and France concerning sustainable urban development. On Oct. 13, 2019, the SinoFrench Seminar on "Meeting the New Challenges of Territorial and City Planning" was jointly held by the Department of Urban Planning, School of Architecture, Tsinghua University and the Cultural and Educational Cooperation Section, French Embassy–French Cultural Center in Beijing at the School of Architecture, Tsinghua University. About 20 experts from the political, academic, and professional fields of urban planning in China and France were invited to carry out discussion on four primary themes, which are "New Urban Planning Strategy,""New Territorial and City Planning Policy,""New Exploration in Urban Planning," and "New Talents Cultivation Pattern." As a medium support to the seminar, we collected some of the speeches and share them with readers in this issue.

关键词： jointly Seminar urban

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Local and teleconnected temperature effects of afforestation and vegetation greening in China

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National Science Review 2020年第5期7卷 897-912页

作者： Yue Li Shilong Piao Anping Chen Philippe Ciais laurent Z.X.Li Sino-French Institute for Earth System Science College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Peking University Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology and Biodiversity Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Center for Excellence in Tibetan Earth Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Department of Biology Colorado State University Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement/Institut Pierre simon Laplace Commissariata l Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives–CNRS–Universite de Versailles Saint-QuentinUniversite Paris-Saclay Laboratoire de Met eorologie Dynamique Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueSorbonne UniversiteEcole Normale Superieure Ecole Polytechnique

Afforestation in China provides carbon sequestration and prevents soil erosion, but its remote impacts on climate in other regions via the coupling of forest energy fluxes with atmospheric circulation are largely unknown. Here, we prescribe inventory-based forest cover change and satellite-observed leaf area index from 1982 to 2011 in a coupled land-atmosphere model to simulate their biophysical climate effects. Both local and global surface air temperatures show a seasonal contrast in response to past vegetation cover expansion over China:a phenomenon we primarily attribute to a variation of seasonality of vegetation greening. A large cooling in spring results in concurrent decreases in geopotential height over China and zonal wind over Mongolia, causing a dipole structure in the upper troposphere over the Arctic. This accounts for～58%of simulated spring warming over the Russian Arctic and～61% of simulated spring cooling over the Canadian Artic. Our results imply that spring vegetation dynamics in China may affect climate in northern high latitudes.

关键词： afforestation vegetation greening China biophysical climate effect coupled land-atmosphere model

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Immunocytochemical localization of carbonic anhydrase in the pseudobranch tissue of the rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2014年第2期15卷 194-200页

作者： S.M.RAHIM A.G.MAZLAN K.D.simon J.P.DELAUNOY P.laurent Department of Biology Faculty of Education University of Tikrit School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Marine Ecosystem Research Centre Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Laboratoire de Diagnostic Génétique Faculté de Médcine et CHRU Department of Biology McMaster University

Pseudobranch function has long interested scientists, but its role has yet to be elucidated. Several studies have suggested that pseudobranchs serve respiratory, osmoregulatory, and sensory functions. This work investigated the immunolocalization of pseudobranch carbonic anhydrase （CA） in the teleost fish species rainbow trout （Oncor- hynchus mykiss） to clarify its physiological function. CA was purified from rainbow trout gills O. mykiss and specific antibodies were raised. Immunoblotting between tissue homogenates of pseudobrench and gill CA antibodies showed specific immunostaining with only one band corresponding to CA in the pseudobranch homogenate. Results of im- munohistochemical technique revealed that CA was distributed within pseudobranch cells and more precisely in the apical parts （anti-vascular） of cells. The basal （vascular） parts of cells, tubular system, blood capillaries, and pillar cells were not immunostained. Immunocytochemistry confirmed these results and showed that some CA enzyme was cytoplasmic and the remainder was linked to membranous structures. The results also showed that the lacunar tissue tayers did not display immunoperoxidase activity. Our results indicated that pseudobranch CA may have a function related to the extracellular medium wherein CA intervenes with the mechanism of stimulation of afferent nerve fibers.

关键词： Pseudobranch Carbonic anhydrase Rainbow trout Immunohistochemistry Immunocytochemistry Physiology

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