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Effects of finite water depth and lateral confinement on ships wakes and resistance

Journal of Hydrodynamics 2020年第3期32卷 582-590页

作者： Clément Caplier Germain Rousseaux Damien Calluaud laurent David Institut Pprime-CNRS University of PoitiersISAE-ENSMAChasseneuilFrance

Wash waves produced by ships disintegrate river banks and coastal lines. This phenomenon of bank erosion is mainly due to the height of the waves. Various factors govern the formation of these waves and their amplitudes: the geometry of the water channel, the shape and the speed of the boat, etc.. These factors play an important role on the wave generation, in addition on the resistance of the ship and so on its fuel consumption. Whether to study the impact of wash waves on the ship's environment or its resistance, the analysis of the generated wake is essential. Hence a fine characterization of the wave field is necessary. This study proposes a comparison of wakes generated by two generic ships based on a Wigley hull with block coefficients 0.67 and 0.89 respectively representative of maritime and fluvial ships. The wakes generated in deep water and confined water configurations have been measured for different Froude numbers by a non-intrusive optical stereo-correlation method, giving access to a detailed and complete definition of the generated wave fields. The resistance of the ship hulls has been measured in deep and confined water configurations with a hydrodynamic balance. The results permit one to study the influence of both hull and water channel geometries on the ship wake, on the amplitude of the far-field generated waves and on the near-field hydrodynamic response. Moreover, resistance curves are obtained for both configurations and highlight the effect of both hull and water channel geometries on the resistance coefficient of the ship. A comparison of the resistance curves with or without the ship trim is conducted and shows the influence of the trim on the resistance coefficient in the different ship speed regimes.

关键词： Ship wakes wash waves confined water ship resistance

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Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) as an emerging determinant of the adaptive immune response

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2018年第12期15卷 1077-1079页

作者： Catherine Desrumaux laurent Lagrost UniversitéMontpellier Montpellier F-34095France Team‘Environmental Impacts in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders’(EiAlz) InsermU1198Montpellier F-34095France EPHE Paris F-75007France LipSTIC LabEx Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche ComtéDijon F-21000France INSERM LNC UMR1231Dijon F-21000France University Bourgogne Franche-Comté LNC UMR1231Dijon F-21000France

Plasma phospholipid transfer protein(PLTP)is a multifunctional lipid *** addition to phospholipids,PLTP transports various amphipathic compounds,such as cholesterol,alphatocopherol,diacylglycerides,and *** addition to its impact on lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis development,PLTP has recently been reported to modulate inflammation and immune *** modulates the phagocytic activity of macrophages and microglial cells1,2 and increases the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin 6(IL-6).3–5 In further support of the pro-inflammatory effect of PLTP,the expression level of IL-6 and the number of infiltrating macrophages in aortic tissue after experimental aneurysm induction were shown to be lower in PLTP-deficient mice than in wild-type mice;6 additionally,recombinant PLTP was shown to exert a direct pro-inflammatory effect on rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes,independent of its lipid transfer activity.7 Notably,despite its direct pro-inflammatory actions,PLTP can exert indirect antiinflammatory actions through its ability to transport and detoxify lipopolysaccharides in gram-negative bacteria.8,9 In humans,the majority of PLTP-associated proteins are involved in innate immunity and/or the inflammatory response in plasma,and PLTP activity is significantly increased in patients with bacterial infections and systemic *** addition to the key roles of PLTP in innate immunity,a recent publication from our group entitled“Plasma phospholipid transfer protein(PLTP)modulates adaptive immune functions through alternation of T-helper-cell polarization”10 demonstrated for the first time that PLTP can also modulate adaptive immune *** modulation occurred through a profound effect on CD4+T-cell polarization toward the pro-inflammatory Th1 *** novel property also supports the pro-inflammatory and pro-atherogenic effects of PLTP(Fig.1).

关键词： PLTP immunity metabolism

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Characterization of the geometric properties of the sclero-conjunctival structure: a review

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2020年第9期13卷 1484-1492页

作者： laurent Bataille David P Pinero Research and Development Department VISSUMAlicante 03016Spain Group of Optics and Visual Perception Department of OpticsPharmacology and AnatomyUniversity of AlicanteAlicante 03690Spain

To revise the peer-reviewed literature on geometric properties of the scleral-conjunctival structure in order to define their clinical relevance and the potential relationship between their changes and myopia development or progression.A bibliographic search focused on the study of the geometry of conjunctiva and/or sclera as well as those studies evaluating the relationship between geometric changes in the scleral-conjunctival structure and myopia was carried *** studies have been performed with different diagnostic technologies,including optical coherence tomography,profilometry and Scheimpflug imaging,to detect geometric changes of the scleralconjunctival tissue in different physiological conditions of the eye,after use of contact lenses and in different ocular ***,these technologies have been shown to be a valuable clinical tool to optimize scleral contact lens *** studies should investigate new potential clinical applications of such technologies,including the evaluation of anterior scleral changes related to myopia,as well as to define standardized clinical standard operating procedures for obtaining accurate and reproducible clinical measurement of the scleral-conjunctival morphology.

关键词： conjunctiva sclera profilometry myopia scleral topography

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全球滑雪旅游市场现状及未来发展趋势

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2023年第1期14卷 207-216页

作者： laurent VANAT 李宇劳伦特·瓦纳特咨询公司瑞士日内瓦1224 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所北京100101

全球滑雪旅游市场已经处于比较成熟时期。但是目前,许多国家的滑雪场客流量出现停滞不前,发展前景不容乐观。旅游市场的变化使滑雪旅游产业面临新的挑战,20世纪建立的滑雪旅游产业模式已不再适应现在的发展需求。本文基于多种滑雪旅游... 详细信息

全球滑雪旅游市场已经处于比较成熟时期。但是目前,许多国家的滑雪场客流量出现停滞不前,发展前景不容乐观。旅游市场的变化使滑雪旅游产业面临新的挑战,20世纪建立的滑雪旅游产业模式已不再适应现在的发展需求。本文基于多种滑雪旅游产业相关报告和行业网站最新数据,对滑雪旅游市场的供需双方统计数据进行比较系统的分析,总结了21世纪以来滑雪旅游业的演变过程,探讨了滑雪旅游产业发展与经济增长之间的关系,揭示滑雪旅游市场的潜在驱动因素,归纳总结了滑雪旅游市场存在的主要问题和面临挑战。研究结果表明,全球滑雪旅游自2000年初就进入了成熟的发展阶段。滑雪旅游参与率与GDP之间存在一定的相关性,并且因不同地域的经济水平和滑雪旅游产业成熟程度而有所差异。尽管受到COVID-19的一定冲击,但全球大部分地区的滑雪旅游产业在2021年呈现出复苏迹象。北京2022年冬奥会的举办为滑雪旅游产业带来新的机遇,有望提高全球滑雪旅游的参与率。然而,不同国家和地区现有的一些滑雪场可能对全球滑雪旅游业发展的未来贡献不大,未来潜在的滑雪旅游市场增长不大并将主要集中在中国。目前滑雪旅游产业发展面临的最大威胁与滑雪旅游市场紧密相关。长期以来婴儿潮一代是滑雪场游客的主要组成部分。滑雪市场面临着滑雪客老龄化问题,普遍存在滑雪文化断层现象。如何满足缺乏滑雪背景文化的新生代客户群的需求是全球所有新建和已有雪场面临的挑战。另外,公共交通可达性、服务质量和运营能力也是滑雪旅游市场亟需关注的提升方向。

关键词：全球山地旅游滑雪旅游滑雪市场发展趋势

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A new hemostatic agent composed of Zn^(2+)-enriched Ca^(2+)alginate activates vascular endothelial cells in vitro and promotes tissue repair in vivo

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第12期7卷 368-382页

作者： Anne-Charlotte Ponsen Richard Proust Sabrina Soave Françoise Mercier-Nom´e Isabelle Garcin laurent Combettes Jean-Jacques Lataillade Georges Uzan INSERM UMRS-MD 1197 Universit´e Paris-SaclayInstitut Andr´e LwoffHˆopital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance Plateforme d’Histologie Immunopathologie de Clamart(PHIC) Universit´e Paris-SaclayINSERMCNRSInstitut Paris Saclay d’Innovation Th´erapeutiqueChˆatenay-MalabryFrance Universit´e Paris-Saclay INSERMInflammationMicrobiome and ImmunosurveillanceClamartFrance INSERM UMRS 1174 Universit´e Paris-SaclayOrsayFrance Centre de Transfusion Sanguine des Arm´ees ClamartFrance

To control capillary bleeding, surgeons may use absorbable hemostatic agents, such as Surgicel® and TachoSil®. Due to their slow resorption, their persistence in situ can have a negative impact on tissue repair in the resected organ. To avoid complications and obtain a hemostatic agent that promotes tissue repair, a zinc-supplemented calcium alginate compress was developed: HEMO-IONIC®. This compress is non-absorbable and is therefore removed once hemostasis has been achieved. After demonstrating the hemostatic efficacy and stability of the blood clot obtained with HEMO-IONIC, the impact of Surgicel, TachoSil, and HEMO-IONIC on cell activation and tissue repair were compared (i) in vitro on endothelial cells, which are essential to tissue repair, and (ii) in vivo in a mouse skin excision model. In vitro, only HEMO-IONIC maintained the phenotypic and functional properties of endothelial cells and induced their migration. In comparison, Surgicel was found to be highly cytotoxic, and TachoSil inhibited endothelial cell migration. In vivo, only HEMO-IONIC increased angiogenesis, the recruitment of cells essential to tissue repair (macrophages, fibroblasts, and epithelial cells), and accelerated maturation of the extracellular matrix. These results demonstrate that a zinc-supplemented calcium alginate, HEMO-IONIC, applied for 10 min at the end of surgery and then removed has a long-term positive effect on all phases of tissue repair.

关键词： Hemostatic agent Alginate Surgery Hemostasis Endothelial cells Tissue repair

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Endophyte infection of Festuca eskia enhances seedling survival to drought and cutting at the expense of clonal expansion

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2011年第4期4卷 201-208页

作者： Anaïs Gibert laurent Hazard Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique UMR 1248 AGIR31320 Castanet TolosanFrance

Symbiotic relationships between fungal endophytes and grass species are known to increase stress resistance in the grass host;however,there is little evidence to suggest that the positive effects occur early in the grass life *** this study,we explored the effects of the endophyte Epichloe¨festucae on the growth and survival of Festuca eskia seedlings under drought and frequent cutting *** Festuca eskia seedlings were collected from the western part of the plant repartition area in a non-symbiotic population located in a mesic and heavily grazed site(W-NS)and from the eastern part in a symbiotic population from a xeric and lightly grazed site(E-S).The E-S population was experimentally freed from its endophyte(E-F).Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to compare growth and survival between the three seedling types under drought stress and frequent *** the first experiment,126 seedlings per seedling type(n=378)were grown for 6 weeks under non-limiting conditions before the cessation of *** 3 weeks without irrigation,full irrigation was restored for 10 days to measure the survival *** length,leaf elongation rate and survival rate were assessed per *** the second experiment,156 seedlings per seedling type(n=468)were grown under non-limiting *** seedlings were cut to 3 cmhigh,twice a week,during the first month of *** elongation and tillering were monitored on 52 seedlings per seedling *** each type,seedling survival rate was determined by the number of plants alive after 10 days of regrowth,without *** Findings The drought experiment revealed a phenotypic differentiation to drought in 30 *** populations,suggesting adaptive differentiation:the eastern seedlings showed the highest survival rate.A tradeoff between growth and survival was highlighted:the highest drought survival rate was associated with the lowest leaf elongation rate under non-limiting water ***

关键词： Epichloëfestucae water stress cutting fitness native grass mutualism

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Strain engineering of electro-optic constants in ferroelectric materials

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npj Computational Materials 2019年第1期5卷 1092-1096页

作者： Charles Paillard Sergei Prokhorenko laurent Bellaiche Department of Physics and Institute for Nanoscience and Engineering University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA

Electro-optic effects allow control of the ow of light using electric fields,and are of utmost importance for today’s information and communication technologies,such as TV displays and fiber *** search for large electro-optic constants in films is essential to the miniaturization and increased efficiency of electro-optic *** this work,we demonstrate that strain-engineering in PbTiO_(3) films allows to selectively choose which electro-optic constant to *** electro-optic constants larger than 100 pm V^(−1) are predicted,either by driving the softening of an optical phonon mode at a phase transition boundary under tensile strain,or by generating the equivalent of a negative pressure via compressive strain to obtain large piezoelectric *** particular,a r_(13) electro-optic coefficient twice as large as the one of the commonly used LiNbO_(3) electro-optic material is found here when growing PbTiO_(3) on the technologicallyimportant Si substrate.

关键词： softening constants ferroelectric

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Interband cascade technology for energy-efficient mid-infrared free-space communication

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Photonics Research 2023年第4期11卷 582-590页

作者： PIERRE DIDIER HEDWIG KNÖTIG OLIVIER SPITZ laurent CERUTTI ANNA LARDSCHNEIDER ELIE AWWAD DANIEL DIAZ-THOMAS ANBARANOV ROBERT WEIH JOHANNES KOETH BENEDIKT SCHWARZ FRÉDÉRIC GRILLOT LTCI Télécom Paris Institut Polytechnique de ParisPalaiseau 91120France mirSense Centre d’intégration NanoInnovPalaiseau 91120France Institute for Solid State Electronics TU Wien1040 ViennaAustria Currently with CREOL College of Optics and PhotonicsUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFlorida 32816USA Institut d’Electronique et des Systèmes Universitéde MontpellierCNRS UMR 5214Montpellier 34000France Nanoplus Nanosystems and Technologies GmbH 97218 GerbrunnGermany Center for High Technology Materials University of New MexicoAlbuquerqueNew Mexico 87106USA

Space-to-ground high-speed transmission is of utmost importance for the development of a worldwide broadband ***-infrared wavelengths offer numerous advantages for building such a system,spanning from low atmospheric attenuation to eye-safe operation and resistance to inclement weather *** demonstrate a full interband cascade system for high-speed transmission around a wavelength of 4.18μ*** low-power consumption of both the laser and the detector in combination with a large modulation bandwidth and sufficient output power makes this technology ideal for a free-space optical communication *** proof-of-concept experiment employs a radio-frequency optimized Fabry–Perot interband cascade laser and an interband cascade infrared photodetector based on a type-II InAs/GaSb *** bandwidth of the system is evaluated to be around 1.5 *** allows us to achieve data rates of 12 Gbit/s with an on–off keying scheme and 14 Gbit/s with a 4-level pulse amplitude modulation *** quality of the transmission is enhanced by conventional pre-and post-processing in order to be compatible with standard error-code correction.

关键词： communication system free

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Bioactivity of mackerel peptides on obesity and insulin resistance,an in-vivo study

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Food Bioscience 2022年第3期47卷 394-402页

作者： Soheila Abachi Hokmabadinazhad Jean-Philippe Songpadith Vanessa P.Houde Geneviève Pilon Ismail Fliss André Marette laurent Bazinet Lucie Beaulieu Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods (INAF) Université LavalQuebecQuebecCanada Department of Food Science Faculty of Agricultural and Food SciencesUniversité LavalQuebecQuebecCanada Department of Medicine Faculty of MedicineCardiology Axis of the Quebec Heart and Lung InstituteQuebecQuebecCanada

Of many metabolic irregularity risk factors,glucose intolerance,insulin resistance,and abdominal obesity are the main *** risk of vascular diseases and cancers is rather high in such individuals therefore its treatment and prevention are equally important for the health of *** including fish biopeptides have frequently shown to prevent and or ameliorate these risk *** our earlier studies,Atlantic mackerel hydrolysate and its fractions showed promising effects on immunity and ***,therefore,in the current study,aimed to examine the effects of mackerel hydrolysate along its cationic peptides,isolated at pH3 using electrodialysis with ultrafiltration membrane,on metabolic disorder factors in diet-induced insulin resistant obese *** were fed the chow and or the hypercaloric diet (high fat high sucrose) for the duration of *** the hypercaloric fed insulin resistant obese mice were gavaged daily either the vehicle and or the test material at the dosage of 208 mg of sample protein per kg mice body *** to our observations,mackerel peptides could not effectively modulate food intake,weight gain,adiposity,plasma glucose and insulin concentrations,hepatic cholesterol,and triglyceride ***,obesity and metabolic impairments could not be averted by the treatments in insulin resistant obese *** conclusion,anti-hypertensive,and immunomodulatory attributes of mackerel peptides at the tested concentrations do not seem to be correlated with its metabolic syndrome benefiting *** presume a general statement about the metabolic syndrome benefiting potency of Atlantic mackerel's biopeptides further research is warranted.

关键词： Atlantic mackerel Bioactivity Cationic peptides Diabetes Obesity

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Analyzing excited-state processes and optical signatures of a ratiomeric fluorine anion sensor: a quantum look

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Science China Chemistry 2014年第10期57卷 1363-1368页

作者： laurent Adèle D. JACQUEMIN Denis CEISAM UMR CNRS 6230 BP 92208 Universitè de Nantes 2 Rue de la Houssinière44322 Nantes Cedex 3 France Institut Universitaire de France 103 bd St Michel75005 Paris Cedex 5 France

Recently, the spectroscopic signatures of a benzoselenadiazole derivative have been investigated in the framework of designing a new ratiometric fluoride sensor(Saravanan et al., Org Lett, 2014, 16: 354–357). It was suggested that this sensor is undergoing excited-state intramolecular proton transfer. In this work, we provide a new look at these experimental data, using a state-of-the-art time-dependent density functional theory approach to mimic the spectroscopic signatures. New insights about the nature of the excited-state processes are obtained.

关键词：激发态分子内质子转移离子传感器氟化物光学特征量子光谱特征时间依赖性实验数据

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