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THE 4C APPROACH AS A WAY TO UNDERSTAND SPECIES INTERACTIONS DETERMINING INTERCROPPING PRODUCTIVITY

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第3期8卷 387-399页

作者： Eric JUSTES laurent bedoussac Christos DORDAS Ela FRAK Gaetan LOUARN Simon BOUDSOCQ Etienne-Pascal JOURNET Anastasios LITHOURGIDIS Chrysanthi PANKOU Chaochun ZHANG Georg CARLSSON Erik Steen JENSEN Christine WATSON Long LI CIRAD Persyst Department34398 MontpellierFrance AGIR Univ ToulouseENSFEAINRAECastanet-TolosanFrance School of Agriculture Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece INRAE UR4URP3F86600 LusignanFrance INRAE UMR Eco&Sols34398 MontpellierFrance AGIR Univ ToulouseINRAECastanet-TolosanFrance LIPM Univ ToulouseCNRSCastanet-TolosanFrance China Agriculture University(CAU) Beijing 100193China Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences(SLU) AlnarpSweden Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC) AberdeenUK

Modern agriculture needs to develop transition pathways toward agroecological,resilient and sustainable farming *** key pathway for such agroecological intensification is the diversification of cropping systems using intercropping and notably cereal-grain legume *** mixtures or intercrops have the potential to increase and stabilize yields and improve cereal grain protein concentration in comparison to sole *** mixtures are complex and the 4C approach is both a pedagogical and scientific way to represent the combination of four joint effects of Competition,Complementarity,Cooperation,and Compensation as processes or effects occurring simultaneously and dynamically between species over the whole cropping *** is when plants have fairly similar requirements for abiotic resources in space and time,the result of all processes that occur when one species has a greater ability to use limiting resources(e.g.,nutrients,water,space,light)than *** is when plants grown together have different requirements for abiotic resources in space,time or *** is when the modification of the environment by one species is beneficial to the other(s).Compensation is when the failure of one species is compensated by the other(s)because they differ in their sensitivity to abiotic *** 4C approach allows to assess the performance of arable intercropping versus classical sole cropping through understanding the use of abiotic resources.

关键词： compensation competition complementarity cooperation interspecific interactions land equivalent ratio light nutrients species mixtures water

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TRANSLATING THE MULTI-ACTOR APPROACH TO RESEARCH INTO PRACTICE USING A WORKSHOP APPROACH FOCUSING ON SPECIES MIXTURES

引用

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2021年第3期8卷 460-473页

作者： Henrik HAUGGAARD-NIELSEN Søren LUND Ane K.AARE Christine A.WATSON laurent bedoussac Jean-Noel AUBERTOT Iman R.CHONGTHAM Natalia BELLOSTAS Cairistiona F.E.TOPP Pierre HOHMANN Erik S.JENSEN Maureen STADEL Bertrand PINEL Eric JUSTES Department of People and Technology Roskilde UniversityDK-4000 RoskildeDenmark Scotland’s Rural College(SRUC) AberdeenScotlandUnited Kingdom AGIR Univ ToulouseENSFEAINRAECastanet-TolosanFrance AGIR Univ ToulouseINRAECastanet-TolosanFrance Department of Biosystems and Technology Swedish University of Agricultural SciencesSE-23053 AlnarpSweden Instituto Navarro de Tecnologias e Infraestructuras Agroalimentarias(INTIA) 31610 VILLAVA(NAVARRA)Spain SRUC EdinburghScotlandUnited Kingdom Department of Crop Sciences Research Institute of Organic Agriculture(FiBL)CH-5070 FrickSwitzerland TERRENA AncenisFrance CIRAD Persyst DepartmentMontpellierFrance

The EIP-Agri multiactor approach was exemplified during a 3-day workshop with 63 project participants from the EU H2020 funded project“Redesigning European cropping systems based on species MIXtures”.The objective was to share firsthand experience of participatory research among researchers who were mostly not familiar with this *** participants were divided into smaller multidisciplinary groups and given the opportunity to interact with representatives from eight actor positions in the value chain of the agrifood cooperative Terrena located in Western *** four stages of the workshop were:(1)key actor interviews,(2)sharing proposed solutions for overcoming barriers,and(3)developing possible interdisciplinary *** of frustration were recorded serving both as a motivation for group members to become more aware of the scientific concerns and practices of their colleagues,as well as a recognition that some researchers have better skills integrating qualitative approaches than ***,the workshop format was an effective way to gain a common understanding of the pertinent issues that need to be addressed to meet overall multiactorapproach *** with the actor networks was identified and emphasized as a means to overcome existing barriers between academia and practice in order to coproduce a shared vision of the benefits of species mixture benefits.

关键词： agroecology codesign intercropping knowledge sharing participatory methods

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