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Statin, aspirin and metformin use and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma related outcomes following liver transplantation: A retrospective study

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第3期14卷 120-131页

作者： William Chung Kevin Wong Noel Ravindranayagam lauren Tang Josephine Grace Darren Wong Danny Con Marie Sinclair Avik Majumdar Numan Kutaiba Samuel Hui Paul Gow Vijayaragavan Muralidharan Alexander Dobrovic Adam Testro Department of Gastroenterology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Victorian Liver Transplant Unit Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Radiology Austin HealthHeidelberg 3084VictoriaAustralia Department of Gastroenterology Monash HealthClayton 3168VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneAustin HealthHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia Department of Surgery Beacon LaboratoryAustin PrecinctThe University of MelbourneAustin HospitalHeidelberg 3048VictoriaAustralia

BACKGROUND Liver transplantation(LT)is a potentially curative therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).HCC-recurrence following LT is associated with reduced *** is increasing interest in chemoprophylaxis to improve HCC-related outcomes *** To investigate whether there is any benefit for the use of drugs with proposed chemoprophylactic properties against HCC,and patient outcomes following *** This was a retrospective study of adult patients who received Deceased Donor LT for HCC from 2005-2022,from a single Australian *** use was defined as statin,aspirin or metformin therapy for≥29 days,within 24 months post-LT.A cox proportional-hazards model with time-dependent covariates was used for survival *** measures were the composite-endpoint of HCC-recurrence and all-cause mortality,HCC-recurrence and HCC-related *** analysis was performed to account for immortality time bias and statin *** Three hundred and five patients were included in this study,with 253(82.95%)males with a median age of 58.90 *** of liver disease were 150(49.18%)hepatitis C,73(23.93%)hepatitis B(HBV)and 33(10.82%)non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).56(18.36%)took statins,51(16.72%)aspirin and 50(16.39%)*** a median follow-up time of 59.90 months,34(11.15%)developed HCC-recurrence,48(15.74%)died,17(5.57%)from HCC-related ***,aspirin or metformin use was not associated with statistically significant differences in the composite endpoint of HCC-recurrence or all-cause mortality[hazard ratio(HR):1.16,95%CI:0.58-2.30;HR:1.21,95%CI:0.28-5.27;HR:0.61,95%CI:0.27-1.36],HCC-recurrence(HR:0.52,95%CI:0.20-1.35;HR:0.51,95%CI:0.14-1.93;HR 1.00,95%CI:0.37-2.72),or HCC-related mortality(HR:0.32,95%CI:0.033-3.09;HR:0.71,95%CI:0.14-3.73;HR:1.57,95%CI:0.61-4.04)*** dosing was not associated with statist-ically significant differences in HCC-related ***

关键词： Liver transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Transplant oncology Statins HMG-Co-A reductase Aspirin Metformin Mammalian target of rapamycin

Evaluating COVID-19’s impacts on Puerto Rican’s travel behaviors

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2023年第4期26卷 616-626页

作者： lauren C.Carter Ran Tao School of Geosciences University of South FloridaTampaFLUSA

The COVID-19 pandemic has completely disrupted and possibly permanently changed the way humans *** Puerto Rico,major travel restrictions to the island have persisted at different levels since March 2020,which heavily influenced residents’travel ***,it remains unclear about how big the impact is and how inequitable it might *** goal of this study is to evaluate COVID-19’s impacts on Puerto Rican’s travel behaviors by analyzing travel flows from Puerto Rico to the contiguous US with a modified gravity *** roles of socioeconomic factors regarding the Puerto Rican travelers and COVID-19 factors regarding the destination US states have been ***-19 was a strong deterring factor of travel at the beginning of the pandemic and also in the winter of 2020,but it did not keep Puerto Ricans from traveling during the summer 2020 when most travel restrictions were *** found that the elderly population of Puerto Rico,despite being more vulnerable to COVID-19,were much more likely to travel during the *** also found that,during the holiday season in 2020,some socioeconomically disadvantaged populations were more likely to be traveling,a direct contradiction to their travel flows the year *** findings shed light on about how disproportionately affected populations behavior changed from pre-pandemic to after the pandemic *** the continuance of the pandemic,this information is extremely valuable for future planning with respect to emergency management,travel regulation,and social benefit.

关键词： COVID-19 Puerto Rico travel behavior social vulnerability human mobility

Stuck in a rut： Potential costs of sand roads to gopher tortoises Gopherus polyphemus

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Current Zoology 2015年第4期61卷 578-585页

作者： lauren N. GILSON Archbold Biological Station Lake Placid 123 Main Drive. Lake Placid. FL 33960. USA Department of Environment and Agriculture Curtin University Bentley WA 6845 Australia

Roads affect wildlife significantly through direct mortality but also through behavioral change. We explored the ef- fects of unsurfaced sand roads with a low traffic volume on the travelling behavior of gopher tortoises Gopherus polyphemus in scrub habitat in central Florida, as evidenced by the tracks left by tortoises on sand roads. Tortoises （and most other taxa leaving tracks on the roads） did not appear to make use of roads for travel but attempted to cross them, the success of which was influ- enced by the size of the individual. Smaller animals （presumably younger tortoises） were more challenged than larger animals by both sand road widths and depths of vehicle ruts in sand roads. Sand roads may present both physical and physiological challenges to gopher tortoises, particularly to small ones. This research provides further evidence that the negative influence of roads in fragmenting the environment is not limited to vehicle mortality [Current Zoology 61 （4）： 578-585, 2015].

关键词： Travel Non-lethal effects of roads Testudine Reptile Size-dependent

Insects: an underrepresented resource for the discovery of biologically active natural products

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2017年第4期7卷 409-426页

作者： lauren Seabrooks Longqin Hu Department of Medicinal Chemistry Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Cancer Institute of New Jersey

Nature has been the source of life-changing and-saving medications for centuries. Aspirin,penicillin and morphine are prime examples of Nature's gifts to medicine. These discoveries catalyzed the field of natural product drug discovery which has mostly focused on plants. However, insects have more than twice the number of species and entomotherapy has been in practice for as long as and often in conjunction with medicinal plants and is an important alternative to modern medicine in many parts of the world. Herein, an overview of current traditional medicinal applications of insects and characterization of isolated biologically active molecules starting from approximately 2010 is presented. Insect natural products reviewed were isolated from ants, bees, wasps, beetles, cockroaches, termites, flies, true bugs,moths and more. Biological activities of these natural products from insects include antimicrobial,antifungal, antiviral, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects.

关键词： Natural products Insects Entomotherapy Traditional medicine Drug discovery

Adverse effects of androgen deprivation therapy in men with prostate cancer： a focus on metabolic and cardiovascular complications

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2012年第2期14卷 222-225页

作者： lauren Collins Shehzad Basaria Department of Medicine Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA 02118USA

Prostate cancer （PCa） is the most common malignancy in men. Prostate being an androgen responsive tissue, androgen deprivation therapy （ADT） is used in the management of locally advanced （improves survival） and metastatic （improves pain and quality of life） PCa. Over the past two decades, the use of ADT has significantly increased as it is also being used in patients with localized disease and those experiencing biochemical recurrences, though without any evidence of survival advantage. Hypogonadism resulting from ADT is associated with decreased muscle mass and strength, increased fat mass, sexual dysfunction, vasomotor symptoms, decreased quality of life, anemia and bone loss. Insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular disease have recently been added to the list of these complications. As the majority of men with PCa die of conditions other than their primary malignancy, recognition and management of these adverse effects is paramount. Here we review data evaluating metabolic and cardiovascular complications of ADT.

关键词： androgen deprivation therapy cardiovascular disease diabetes hypogonadism prostate cancer

Vaccine-associated myocarditis:a case report and summary of the literature

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2022年第6期13卷 485-487页

作者： Joshua Davis lauren Jennings University of Kansas School of Medicine Wichita 67214USA Vituity Wichita 67214USA American Red Cross in Hazelwood Missouri 63042USA

Dear editor,Myocarditis is a known complication of vaccines for COVID-19,particularly mRNA *** it is rare,the exact incidence of vaccine-associated myocarditis is *** of personal choice in vaccination decisions often cite the risk of myocarditis as a reason one might choose not to receive the COVID-19 ***,we describe a case of focal myocarditis associated with the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and review the literature on the incidence and risk of COVID-19 vaccine-associated myocarditis.

关键词： myocarditis vaccine Pfizer

Dynamic expression of Slit1–3 and Robo1–2 in the mouse peripheral nervous system after injury

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第5期15卷 948-958页

作者： Bing Chen lauren Carr Xin-Peng Dun Department of Neurology The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityHuai’anJiangsu ProvinceChina Plymouth University Peninsula Schools of Medicine and Dentistry PlymouthUK The Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration Nantong UniversityNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina

The Slit family of axon guidance cues act as repulsive molecules for precise axon pathfinding and neuronal migration during nervous system development through interactions with specific Robo *** we previously reported that Slit1–3 and their receptors Robo1 and Robo2 are highly expressed in the adult mouse peripheral nervous system,how this expression changes after injury has not been well ***,we constructed a peripheral nerve injury mouse model by transecting the right sciatic *** 14 days after injury,quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mRNA expression of Slit1–3 and Robo1–2 in L4–5 spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia,as well as the sciatic *** analysis was performed to examine Slit1–3,Robo1–2,neurofilament heavy chain,F4/80,and vimentin in L4–5 spinal cord,L4 dorsal root ganglia,and the sciatic ***-expression of Slit1–3 and Robo1–2 in L4 dorsal root ganglia was detected by in situ *** addition,Slit1–3 and Robo1–2 protein expression in L4–5 spinal cord,L4 dorsal root ganglia,and sciatic nerve were detected by western blot *** results showed no significant changes of Slit1–3 or Robo1–2 mRNA expression in the spinal cord within 14 days after *** the dorsal root ganglion,Slit1–3 and Robo1–2 mRNA expression were initially downregulated within 4 days after injury;however,Robo1–2 mRNA expression returned to the control level,while Slit1–3 mRNA expression remained upregulated during regeneration from 4–14 days after *** the sciatic nerve,Slit1–3 and their receptors Robo1–2 were all expressed in the proximal nerve stump;however,Slit1,Slit2,and Robo2 were barely detectable in the nerve bridge and distal nerve stump within 14 days after ***3 was highly ex-pressed in macrophages surrounding the nerve bridge and slightly downregulated in the distal nerve stump within 14 days after ***1 was upregulated in vimentin-positive cells and migrating S

关键词： dorsal root ganglion nerve regeneration neural regeneration peripheral nerve Robo 1 Robo 2 sciatic nerve Slit1 Slit2 Slit3

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轻信AI有风险

环球科学 2024年第17期 90-91页

作者：劳伦·莱费尔红猪(翻译) 不详

机器学习模型正迅速成为科学研究中的常用工具。这些人工智能系统正在辅助生物工程师发现潜在的新抗生素、辅助数学家解决疑难数学问题,气候学家也用它们来预测海冰的运动。甚至有科学家挖掘起了大语言模型的潜力,想用它们来代表或者替... 详细信息

机器学习模型正迅速成为科学研究中的常用工具。这些人工智能系统正在辅助生物工程师发现潜在的新抗生素、辅助数学家解决疑难数学问题,气候学家也用它们来预测海冰的运动。甚至有科学家挖掘起了大语言模型的潜力,想用它们来代表或者替换心理学和行为研究中的人类参与者。

关键词：解决疑难人工智能系统气候学家常用工具语言模型生物工程师心理学

Sex,size,and prey caloric value affect diet specialization and consumption of an invasive prey by a native predator

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Current Zoology 2019年第5期65卷 499-507页

作者： lauren E.HOSTERT lauren M.PINTOR James E.BYERS School of Environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Odum School of Ecology University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA

Escaping the control of natural enemies is thought to heavily influence the establishment success and impact of non-native ***,we examined how the profitability of alternative prey in combination with the presence of a competitor and predator aggressive behavior explain individual differences in diet specialization and the consumption of the invasive green porcelain crab Petrolisthes armatus by the native mud crab predator Panopeus *** from bomb calorimetry estimates show that invasive *** has high caloric value relative to alternative native *** assays indicated that specialization and consumption of invasive *** was mostly exhibited by large,female ***,but the presence of a competitor and predator aggressiveness did not influence diet and the consumption of ***,intrinsic factors(e.g.,sex and body size)seem to explain consumption of *** ar\6 dietary specialization in ***,more *** there are still many predator individuals that do not consume ***,the proportion of individuals that have begun to specialize on *** suggests that for some,it has become more profitable relative to alternative native *** the high caloric value of ***,we suggest that it is likely that differences in the cost of its consumption,including attack,capture,and handling times relative to alternative prey,determine its net profitability to individual predators.

关键词： diet breadth optimal foraging theory enemy escape hypothesis competition aggressive behavior