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The association between sexual function and prostate cancer risk in US veterans

Asian Journal of Andrology 2017年第2期19卷 191-195页

作者： Daniel F Zapata lauren e howard Jennifer Frank Ross M Simon Cathrine Hoyo Delores J Grant Stephen J Freedland Adriana C Vidal Duke University Medical Center Division of Urology Department of Surgery Durham NC 27710 USA Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center Urology Division Durham NC 27710 USA North Carolina State University Department of Biology Raleigh NC 27695 USA North Carolina Central University Department of Biology Durham NC 27707 USA Department of Surgery Division of Urology Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer institute Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Los Angeles California 90048 USA

Sexual dysfunction and prostate cancer are common among older men. Few studies explored the association between these two illnesses. We examined whether sexual function is associated with prostate cancer risk among older men. Among 448 men undergoing prostate biopsy at the Durham Veterans Affairs Hospital, sexual function was ascertained from the expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite sexual assessment. We tested the link between sexual function and prostate cancer risk adjusting for multiple demographic and clinical characteristics using logistic regression. Multinomial logistic regression was used to test the associations with risk of low-grade （Gleason 〈6） and high-grade （Gleason 〉7 or 〉4 ＋ 3） disease versus no cancer. Of 448 men, 209 （47%） had a positive biopsy; these men were less likely to be white （43% vs 55%, P=0.013）, had higher prostate-specific antigen （PSA）（6.0 vs 5.4 ng ml-1, P 〈 0.001）, but with lower mean sexual function score （47 vs 54, P = 0.007）. There was no difference in age, BMI, pack years smoked, history of heart disease and/or diabetes. After adjusting for baseline differences, sexual function was linked with a decreased risk of overall prostate cancer risk （OR. 0.91 per lO-point change in sexual function, P= 0.004） and high-grade disease whether defined as Gleason ≥7 （OR： 0.86, P= 0.001） or 〉4 ＋ 3 （OR： 0.85, P= 0.009）. Sexual function was unrelated to low-grade prostate cancer （OR： 0.94, P = 0.13）. Thus, among men undergoing prostate biopsy, higher sexual function was associated with a decreased risk of overall and high-grade prostate cancer. Confirmatory studies are needed.

关键词： erectile dysfunction prostate prostate cancer risk sexual function

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Practice patterns and outcomes of equivocal bone scans for patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer: Results from SeARCH

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Asian Journal of Urology 2019年第3期6卷 242-248页

作者： Brian T.Hanyok Mary M.everist lauren e.howard Amanda M.De Hoedt William J.Aronson Matthew R.Cooperberg Christopher J.Kane Christopher L.Amling Martha K.Terris Stephen J.Freedland Urology Section Department of SurgeryVeterans Affairs Medical CenterDurhamNCUSA New York Medical College ValhallaNYUSA Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNCUSA Urology Section Department of SurgeryVeterans Affairs Medical CenterGreater Los AngelesLos AngelesCAUSA Department of Urology University of California at Los Angeles Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Departments ofUrology and epidemiology&Biostatistics University of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCAUSA Urology Section Department of SurgeryVeterans Affairs Medical CenterSan FranciscoCAUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgeryUniversity of California at San Diego Medical CenterSan DiegoCAUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgeryOregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandORUSA Urology Section Division of SurgeryVeterans Affairs Medical CenterAugustaGAUSA Division of Urologic Surgery Department of SurgeryMedical College of GeorgiaAugustaGAUSA Division of Urology Department of SurgerySamuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Center for Integrated Research in Cancer and Lifestyle Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer InstituteCedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCAUSA

Objective:To review follow-up imaging after equivocal bone scans in men with castration resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)and examine the characteristics of equivocal bone scans that are associated with positive follow-up ***:We identified 639 men from five Veterans Affairs Hospitals with a technetium-99m bone scan after CRPC diagnosis,of whom 99(15%)had equivocal *** with equivocal scans were segregated into“high-risk”and“low-risk”subcategories based upon wording in the bone scan *** follow-up imaging(bone scans,computed tomography[CT],magnetic resonance imaging[MRI],and X-rays)in the 3 months after the equivocal scan were *** were compared between patients with a positive *** follow-up imaging after an equivocal bone ***:Of 99 men with an equivocal bone scan,43(43%)received at least one follow-up imaging test,including 32/82(39%)with low-risk scans and 11/17(65%)with high-risk scans(p=0.052).Of follow-up tests,67%were negative,14%were equivocal,and 19%were *** those who underwent follow-up imaging,3/32(9%)low-risk men had metastases vs.5/11(45%)high-risk men(p=0.015).Conclusion:While 19%of all men who received follow-up imaging had positive follow-up imaging,only 9%of those with a low-risk equivocal bone scan had metastases versus 45%of those with *** preliminary findings,if confirmed in larger studies,suggest follow-up imaging tests for low-risk equivocal scans can be delayed while high-risk equivocal scans should receive follow-up imaging.

关键词： Castration-resistant prostate cancer equivocal test result Bone scan Radiology report Follow-up imaging Neoplasm metastasis

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SARS-CoV-2 triggers Dickkopf-1(Dkk-1)modulation of T helper cells and lung pathology in mice

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第4期11卷 9-12页

作者： Yifan Wu Freedom M.Green Stephen A.Shaw lauren J.Bonilla Shannon e.Ronca Maria elena Bottazzi Farrah Kheradmand Jill e.Weatherhead Department of Pathology&Immunology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Pediatrics One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Department of Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA National School of Tropical Medicine One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX 77030USA Molecular Virology&Microbiology One Baylor PlazaHoustonTX77030USA Biologyof Inflammation Center Baylor College of MedicineOne BaylorPlazaHoustonTX77030USA Michael e.DeBakey VA Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases HoustonTX 77030USA

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCov-2)is the etiologic agent of the coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)*** viral infections like SARS-CoV-2,a robust anti-viral type 1 immune response,including upregulation of type 1 CD4+T helper cells(Th1),is required for effective viral clearance while minimizing end-organ pathology and collateral tissue damage.

关键词： pathology acute respiratory

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Global Solutions to Nonconvex Problems by evolution of Hamilton-Jacobi PDes

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第2期6卷 790-810页

作者： howard Heaton Samy Wu Fung Stanley Osher Typal Research Typal LLCLos AngelesUSA Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Colorado School of MinesGoldenUSA Department Mathematics UCLALos AngelesUSA

Computing tasks may often be posed as optimization *** objective functions for real-world scenarios are often nonconvex and/or ***-of-the-art methods for solving these problems typically only guarantee convergence to local *** work presents Hamilton-Jacobi-based Moreau adaptive descent(HJ-MAD),a zero-order algorithm with guaranteed convergence to global minima,assuming continuity of the objective *** core idea is to compute gradients of the Moreau envelope of the objective(which is"piece-wise convex")with adaptive smoothing *** of the Moreau envelope(i.e.,proximal operators)are approximated via the Hopf-Lax formula for the viscous Hamilton-Jacobi *** numerical examples illustrate global convergence.

关键词： Global optimization Moreau envelope Hamilton-Jacobi Hopf-Lax-Cole-Hopf Proximals Zero-order optimization

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A rat model of multicompartmental traumatic injury and hemorrhagic shock induces bone marrow dysfunction and profound anemia

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Animal Models and experimental Medicine 2024年第3期7卷 367-376页

作者： lauren S.Kelly Jennifer A.Munley erick e.Pons Kolenkode B.Kannan elizabeth M.Whitley Letitia e.Bible Philip A.efron Alicia M.Mohr Department of Surgery and Sepsis and Critical Illness Research Center University of Florida College of MedicineGainesvilleFloridaUSA Pathogenesis LLCGainesvilleFloridaUSA

Background:Severe trauma is associated with systemic inflammation and organ *** rodent trauma models are the mainstay of postinjury research but have been criticized for not fully replicating severe human *** aim of this study was to create a rat model of multicompartmental injury which recreates profound traumatic ***:Male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to unilateral lung contusion and hemorrhagic shock(LCHS),multicompartmental polytrauma(PT)(unilateral lung contusion,hemorrhagic shock,cecectomy,bifemoral pseudofracture),or na?ve ***,plasma toll-l ike receptor 4(TLR4),hemoglobin,spleen to body weight ratio,bone marrow(BM)erythroid progenitor(CFU-GeMM,BFU-e,and CFU-e)growth,plasma granulocyte colony-stimulating factor(G-CSF)and right lung histologic injury were assessed on day 7,with significance defined as p valuesesults:Polytrauma resulted in markedly more profound inhibition of weight gain compared to LCHS(p=0.0002)along with elevated plasma TLR4(per hemoglobin(penlarged spleen to body weight ratios(p=0.004).Both LCHS and PT demonstrated suppression of CFU-e and BFU-e growth compared to naive(pelevated in PT compared to both na?ve and LCHS(pemonstrated significant histologic right lung injury with poor alveolar wall integrity and interstitial ***:Multicompartmental injury as described here establishes a reproducible model of multicompartmental injury with worsened anemia,splenic tissue enlargement,weight loss,and increased inflammatory activity compared to a less severe *** may serve as a more effective model to recreate profound traumatic injury to replicate the human inflammatory response postinjury.

关键词： anemia i nflammation polytrauma pseudofracture shock

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How to establish an endoscopic bariatric practice

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal endoscopy 2024年第4期16卷 178-186页

作者： Daniel B Maselli lauren L Donnangelo Brian Coan Christopher e McGowan Clinical Research True You Weight LossAtlantaGA 30342United States Clinical Research True You Weight LossCaryNC 27513United States

Obesity is a chronic,progressive,and relapsing disease of excess adiposity that contributes to more than two hundred medical conditions and is projected to affect more than half the adult population of the United States by the year *** the limited penetrance of traditional bariatric surgery,as well as the cost and adherence barriers to anti-obesity medications,there is growing interest in the rapidly evolving field of endoscopic bariatric therapies(eBTs).eBTs are minimally invasive,same-day,per-oral endoscopic procedures and include endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty,intragastric balloons,and endoscopic bariatric revisional *** field represents an exciting and innovative subspe-cialty within ***,building a successful endoscopic bariatric practice requires intentional,coordinated,and sustained efforts to overcome the numerous obstacles to *** barriers include acquisition of the technical and cognitive skillset,practice limitations including the availability of nutrition counseling,facility capabilities,direct-to-consumer marketing,and financial pressures such as facility and anesthesia *** the highest-volume center for metabolic and bariatric endoscopy in the United States,we provide insights into successfully establishing an endoscopic bariatric program.

关键词： Obesity endoscopic bariatric therapies Bariatric endoscopy endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Intragastric balloon Practice management

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Feeding behavior and hormoligosis associated with imidacloprid resistance in Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1211-1221页

作者： Xue Dong Chen Justin George lauren M.Diepenbrock Hunter Gossett Guoping Liu Jawwad A.Qureshi Lukasz L.Stelinski entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaCitrus Research and Education CenterLake AlfredFloridaUSA Southern Insect Management Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMississippiUSA entomology and Nematology Department University of FloridaSouthwest Florida Research and Education CenterImmokaleeFloridaUSA

Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used for managing the Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri Kuwayama,which serves as vector of phytopathogens causing citrus ***,development of resistance to neonicotinoids among populations of *** has coincided with occasional control failures in the *** objectives of this research were to(1)survey current levels of imidacloprid resistance in Florida citrus;(2)compare feeding behavior between imidacloprid-resistant and susceptible *** using electrical penetration graph recordings,and(3)investigate the possible amplification of insecticide hormoligosis associated with *** surveys confirmed that the susceptibility of *** populations to imidacloprid has decreased in commercial Florida citrus groves compared with a laboratory-susceptible *** 12 generations of selection,resistance to imidacloprid increased by 438 fold compared with the susceptible ***-susceptible *** feeding on citrus exhibited significantly more bouts associated with intercellular pathway(C),phloem penetration(D),phloem salivation(e1),and nonprobing(Np)activities than imidacloprid-resistant ***,there were no differences observed in the frequency or duration of phloem ingestion or xylem feeding between susceptible and resistant *** was no statistical difference in fecundity between resistant and susceptible ***,the fecundity of imidacloprid-susceptible female *** treated with a sublethal concentration of imidacloprid(LC_(25))increased significantly compared with controls,while such hormoligosis was less pronounced among imidacloprid-resistant *** results suggest that imidacloprid-resistant psyllids may cease feeding sooner than susceptible counterparts following sublethal exposure to this insecticide,indicative of a behavioral resistance mechanism.

关键词： artificial selection electrical penetration graph feeding behavior hormoligosis insecticide resistance sublethal exposure

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如何吸引Z世代消费者

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空中英语教室（高级版．彭蒙惠英语） 2024年第6期 22-23,44,45页

作者： Max Rhodes lauren Cooks Levitan 不详

Z世代消费者已经成为零售业的核心焦点,很大程度上因为他们代表着约3600亿美元的可支配收,随着年轻一代到达经济成熟期,这个数字还会增长。此外,虽然电子商务常被认为是人类第一个智能手机世代的首选渠道,但我们的研究则显示,和数年前... 详细信息

Z世代消费者已经成为零售业的核心焦点,很大程度上因为他们代表着约3600亿美元的可支配收,随着年轻一代到达经济成熟期,这个数字还会增长。此外,虽然电子商务常被认为是人类第一个智能手机世代的首选渠道,但我们的研究则显示,和数年前相比。

关键词：零售业电子商务智能手机消费者世代年轻一代

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Sex,size,and prey caloric value affect diet specialization and consumption of an invasive prey by a native predator

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Current Zoology 2019年第5期65卷 499-507页

作者： lauren e.HOSTeRT lauren M.PINTOR James e.BYeRS School of environment and Natural Resources The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Odum School of ecology University of GeorgiaAthensGAUSA

escaping the control of natural enemies is thought to heavily influence the establishment success and impact of non-native ***,we examined how the profitability of alternative prey in combination with the presence of a competitor and predator aggressive behavior explain individual differences in diet specialization and the consumption of the invasive green porcelain crab Petrolisthes armatus by the native mud crab predator Panopeus *** from bomb calorimetry estimates show that invasive *** has high caloric value relative to alternative native *** assays indicated that specialization and consumption of invasive *** was mostly exhibited by large,female ***,but the presence of a competitor and predator aggressiveness did not influence diet and the consumption of ***,intrinsic factors(e.g.,sex and body size)seem to explain consumption of *** ar\6 dietary specialization in ***,more *** there are still many predator individuals that do not consume ***,the proportion of individuals that have begun to specialize on *** suggests that for some,it has become more profitable relative to alternative native *** the high caloric value of ***,we suggest that it is likely that differences in the cost of its consumption,including attack,capture,and handling times relative to alternative prey,determine its net profitability to individual predators.

关键词： diet breadth optimal foraging theory enemy escape hypothesis competition aggressive behavior

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Phenotypic plasticity is maintained despite geographical isolation in an African cichlid fish,Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor

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Integrative Zoology 2014年第1期9卷 85-96页

作者： Kirsten e.WIeNS erika CRISPO lauren J.CHAPMAN Department of Pathology New York University School of MedicineNew YorkNYUSA Department of Biology and Health Sciences Pace UniversityNew YorkNYUSA Department of Biology McGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada Wildlife Conservation Society BronxNew YorkUSA

Gene flow among populations in different selective environments should favor the evolution of phenotypic plasticity over local *** in development is a common response to long-term hypoxia in some widespread African fishes,including Pseudocrenilabrus multicolor,a cichlid that exploits both normoxic(high oxygen)rivers/lakes and hypoxic(low oxygen)*** studies have shown that fish from normoxic and hypoxic sites differ in many traits,including gill size,brain size and body shape,and that much of this vari-ation reflects developmental ***,these earlier studies focused on areas in Uganda where gene flow between swamp and river or lake populations is *** this study we tested the hypothesis that ***-color from a relatively isolated lake population(Lake Saka,Uganda)exhibit low levels of plasticity in traits re-lated to oxygen *** broods of *** from Lake Saka were reared under low and high dis-solved oxygen,and traits related to gill size,brain mass and body shape were ***,both gill size and brain mass showed high levels of developmental *** suggest that high levels of plasticity,particularly in the gill size of ***,reflects low costs of maintaining the plastic response,even in rela-tively isolated populations.

关键词： brain geometric morphometrics gills hypoxia riverine fish

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