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Solving Quasiconcave Bilevel Programming Problem

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American Journal of Operations Research 2017年第2期7卷 121-132页

作者： Dahande Balme laure Pauline Fotso Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Science University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

In this paper, we find the solution of a quasiconcave bilevel programming problem (QCBPP). After formulating a Bilevel Multiobjective Programming Problem (BMPP), we characterize its leader objective function and its feasible set. We show some necessary and sufficient conditions to establish a convex union of set of efficient point, an efficient set at the QCBPP. Based on this result, we formulate and solve a new QCBPP. Finally, we illustrate our approach with a numerical example.

关键词： Bilevel Multiobjective Programming Problem Quasiconcave Bilevel Programming Problem Efficient Set

Educated consumers don't believe artificial meat is the solution to the problems with the meat industry

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第2期14卷 273-284页

作者： Aurélie Hocquette Carla Lambert Clémentine Sinquin laure Peterolff Zoé Wagner Sarah P F Bonny André Lebert Jean-Franois Hocquette France Business School (FBS) 4 Boulevard Trudaine Clermont-Ferrand Cedex 1 63037 France Clermont Université Polytech 24 avenue des Landais Aubière Cedex 61177 France School of Veterinary and Life Sciences Murdoch University Murdoch W.A. 6150 Australia INRA UMR1213 Recherches sur les Herbivores Saint-Genès Champanelle F-63122 France Clermont Université Vet Agro Sup UMR1213 Recherches sur les Herbivores Saint Genès Champanelle F-63122 France

The production of in vitro meat by cell culture has been suggested by some scientists as one solution to address the major challenges facing our society. Firstly, consumers would like the meat industry to reduce potential discomfort of animals on modern farms, or even to avoid killing animals to eat them. Secondly, citizens would like meat producers to reduce potential environmental deterioration by livestock and finally, there is a need to reduce world hunger by increasing protein resources while the global population is predicted to grow rapidly. According to its promoters, artificial meat has a potential to make eating animals unnecessary, to reduce carbon footprint of meat production and to satisfy all the nutritional needs and desires of consumers and citizens. To check these assumptions, a total of 817 educated people（mainly scientists and students） were interviewed worldwide by internet in addition to 865 French educated people. We also interviewed 208 persons（mainly scientists） after an oral presentation regarding artificial meat. Results of the three surveys were similar, but differed between males and females. More than half of the respondents believed that ＂artificial meat＂ was feasible and realistic. However, there was no majority to think that artificial meat will be healthy and tasty, except respondents who were in favour of artificial meat. A large majority of the respondents believed that the meat industry is facing important problems related to the protection of the environment, animal welfare or inefficient meat production to feed humanity. However, respondents did not believe that artificial meat will be the solution to solve the mentioned problems with the meat industry, especially respondents who were against artificial meat. The vast majority of consumers wished to continue to eat meat even they would accept to consume less meat in a context of increasing food needs. Only a minority of respondents（from 5 to 11%） would recommend or accept to eat

关键词： meat production artificial meat consumers' responses

Human induced pluripotent stem cells: A new source for brown and white adipocytes

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World Journal of Stem Cells 2014年第4期6卷 467-472页

作者： Anne-laure Hafner Christian Dani Faculté de Médecine UMR CNRS/INSERMUniversité Nice Sophia AntipolisiBV06107 Nice Cedex 2France

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs) provide a novel source for generating adipocytes, thus opening new avenues for fundamental research and clinical medicine. We present the adipogenic potential of hiPSCs and the various methods to derive hiPSC-MSCs. We discuss the main characteristic of hiPSC-MSCs, which is their low adipogenic capacity as compared to adult-MSCs. Finally, we propose several hypotheses to explanation this feature, underlying a potential critical role of the micro-environment. We favour the hypothesis that the range of factors or culture conditions required to induce adipocyte differentiation of MSCs derived from adult tissues and from embryonic-like cells could differ.

关键词： Human induced pluripotent stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells Brown adipocytes White adipocytes Obesity Lipodystrophy

Jasmonic Acid Oxidase 2 Hydroxylates Jasmonic Acid and Represses Basal Defense and Resistance Responses against Botrytis cinerea Infection

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Molecular Plant 2017年第9期10卷 1159-1173页

作者： Ekaterina Smirnova Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes CNRS Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France Laboratoire de Chimie Organique Synthétique Institut de Chimie Université de Strasbourg CNRS Strasbourg France

Jasmonates （JAs） orchestrate immune responses upon wound/herbivore injury or infection by necrotro- phic pathogens. Elucidation of catabolic routes has revealed new complexity in jasmonate metabolism. Two integrated pathways attenuate signaling by turning over the active hormone jasmonoyl-isoleucine （JA-Ile） through w-oxidation or deconjugation, and define an indirect route forming the derivative 12OH-JA. Here, we provide evidence for a second 12OH-JA formation pathway by direct jasmonic acid （JA） oxidation. Three jasmonic acid oxidases （JAOs） of the 2-oxoglutarate dioxygenase family catalyze spe- cific oxidation of JA to 12OH-JA, and their genes are induced by wounding or infection by the fungus Botrytis cinerea. JA02 exhibits the highest basal expression, and its deficiency in jao2 mutants strongly enhanced antifungal resistance. The resistance phenotype resulted from constitutive expression of antimi- crobial markers rather than from their higher induction in infected jao2 plants and could be reversed by ectopic expression of any of the three JAOs injao2. Elevated defense injao2 was dependent on the activity of JASMONATE RESPONSE 1 （JAR1） and CORONATINE-INSENSITIVE 1 （COI1） but was not correlated with erihanced JA-Ile accumulation. Instead, jao2 mutant lines displayed altered accumulation of several JA species in healthy and challenged plants, suggesting elevated metabolic flux through JA-Ile. Collectively, these data identify the missing enzymes hydroxylating JA and uncover an important metabolic diversion mechanism for repressing basal JA defense responses.

关键词： 2-oxoglutarate oxygenase jasmonic acid defense regulation hormone metabolism Botrytis

High-Resolution Crystal Structure and Redox Properties of Chloroplastic Triosephosphate Isomerase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

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Molecular Plant 2014年第1期7卷 101-120页

作者： Mirko Zaffagnini laure Michelet Chiara Sciabolini Nastasia Di Giacinto Samuel Morisse Christophe H. Marchand Paolo Trost Simona Fermani Stephane D Lemaire Laboratoire de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire des Eucaryotes FRE3354 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Universite Pierre et Marie Curie Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie 75005 Paris France Laboratory of Plant Redox Biology Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT) University of Bologna via Irnerio 42 40126 Bologna Italy Department of Chemistry 'G. Ciamician' University of Bologna via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy

Triosephosphate isomerase （TPI） catalyzes the interconversion of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Photosynthetic organisms generally contain two isoforms of TPI located in both cytoplasm and chloroplasts. While the cytoplasmic TPI is involved in the glycolysis, the chloroplastic isoform participates in the Calvin-Benson cycle, a key photosynthetic process responsible for carbon fixation. Compared with its cytoplasmic counterpart, the functional features of chloroplastic TPI have been poorly investigated and its three-dimensional structure has not been solved. Recently, several studies proposed TPI as a potential target of different redox modifications including dithiol/disulfide interchanges, glutathionylation, and nitrosylation. However, neither the effects on protein activity nor the molecular mechanisms underlying these redox modifications have been investigated. Here, we have produced recombinantly and purified TPI from the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii （Cr）. The biochemical properties of the enzyme were delineated and its crystallographic structure was determined at a resolution of 1.1 A. CrTPI is a homodimer with subunits containing the typical （β/α）8-barrel fold. Although no evidence for TRX regulation was obtained, CrTPI was found to undergo glutathionylation by oxidized glutathione and trans-nitrosylation by nitrosoglutathione, confirming its sensitivity to multiple redox modifications.

关键词： triosephosphate isomerase three-dimensional structure TIM-barrel thiol-based redox regulation transnitrosylation.

Production and stability study of a hospital parenteral nutrition solution for neonates

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Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis 2019年第2期9卷 83-90页

作者： Anne-laure Yailian Céline Serre Justine Fayard Marina Faucon Patrick Thomaré Samira Filali Christine Pivot Florence Vételé Fabrice Pirot Emmanuelle Olivier Service Pharmaceutique Plateforme FripharmGroupe Hospitalier Centre Edouard HerriotHospices Civils de Lyon Laboratoire de Recherche et Développement de Pharmacie Galénique Industrielle UMR 5305Plateforme FripharmFaculté de PharmacieUniversité Claude Bernard Lyon 18 Service Pharmaceutique Site H?tel-DieuCentre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Nantes1place Alexis Ricordeau Service pharmaceutique Groupement Hospitalier EstHospices Civils de Lyon

Standard parenteral nutrition solutions are mixtures comprising interacting components that may degrade themselves over time. The objective of this study was to investigate the physicochemical and microbiological stability of a hospital preparation for parenteral nutrition in neonatology. The analyses were performed throughout the storage of the preparations at 2–8 °C(up to 4 months). The extent of stability was based on the determination of amino acids dosage, visual and physicochemical properties(glucose and electrolytes concentrations, pH and osmolality measurements, particle counting) and microbiological analysis(sterility test). A thermal degradation of ascorbic acid was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant properties of the parenteral mixture. Physicochemical and microbiological controls were found to comply with the specifications. Amino acids showed a good stability throughout the 4 months storage except for cysteine, which was progressively degraded to cystine, conferring a yellow coloration to parenteral solutions. Parenteral nutrition standards solutions remain stable for 4 months at 2–8 °C,ensuring safe administration in preterm infants.

关键词： Stability-indicating method study Parenteral nutrition Neonatology Amino acids High-performance liquid chromatographic

Quality of life, physical performance and nutritional status in older patients hospitalized in a cardiology department

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2020年第7期17卷 410-416页

作者： Matthieu Lilamand Mariannick Saintout Marie Vigan Astrid Bichon laure Tourame Aurélie Brembilla Diet Bernard Iung Dominique Himbert Cédric Laouenan Agathe Raynaud-Simon Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Nord Department of GeriatricsBichat University HospitalFrance University of Paris France Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Nord Department of EpidemiologyBiostatistics and Clinical ResearchBichat University HospitalFrance Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris Nord Department of CardiologyBichat University HospitalFrance

Objectives Quality of life(QoL) is a priority outcome in older adults suffering from cardiovascular diseases. Frailty and poor nutritional status may affect the QoL through mobility disorders and exhaustion. The objective of this study was to determine if physical frailty and nutritional status were associated with QoL, in older cardiology patients. Methods Cross sectional, observational study conducted in a cardiology department from a university hospital. Participants(n = 100) were aged 70 and older. Collected data included age, sex, cardiac diseases, New York Heart Association(NYHA) classification, comorbidities(Charlson Index) and disability. A Short Physical Performance Battery(SPPB), including walking speed assessment was performed;handgrip strength were measured as well as Fried’s frailty phenotype. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA) and Body Mass Index(BMI), inflammation by C-reactive protein(CRP). QoL was assessed using the EORTC–QLQ questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to study the associations between all recorded parameters and QoL. Results In participants(mean age: 79.3 ± 6.7 years;male: 59%), Charlson index, arrhythmia, heart failure, NYHA class III-IV, MNA, disability, walking speed, SPPB score, frailty and CRP were significantly associated with QoL in univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis showed that NYHA class III-IV(P < 0.001), lower MNA score(P = 0.03), frailty(P < 0.0001), and higher CRP(P < 0.001) were independently associated with decreased QoL. Conclusions Frailty, nutritional status and inflammation were independently associated with poor QoL. Further studies are needed to assess the efficacy of nutritional and physical interventions on QoL in this population.

关键词： Cardiovascular diseases Frailty Muscle strength Nutrition Older adults Quality of life

Adalimumab and pharmacokinetics:Impact on the clinical prescription for inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Pharmacology 2016年第1期5卷 44-50页

作者： Anne-laure Pelletier Pascale Nicaise-Roland Department of Hepato-gastroenterology H?pital Bichat-Claude Bernard Department of Immunology Autoimmunité et Hypersensibilités H?pital Bichat-Claude Bernard

Anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF) drugs are widely prescribed for inflammatory disease. A loss of response to adalimumab is frequent and the pharmacokinetics of anti-TNF therapy have important implications for patient management. Individual factors such as albumin, body weight, and disease severity based on the C-reactive protein level influence drug metabolism. Adalimumab trough levels are associated with clinical remission. On the other hand, the detection of antibodies is associated with clinical relapse. Immunosuppressive therapy could reduce antibody formation although the clinical impact is not proven. New algorithms are available to provide personalized treatment and adapt the dosage. More data are needed on dose de-escalation.

关键词： Pharmacokinetics Adalimumab Crohn's disease

Bacterial Vector-Borne Plant Diseases:Unanswered Questions and Future Directions

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Molecular Plant 2020年第10期13卷 1379-1393页

作者： Weijie Huang Paola Reyes-Caldas Marina Mann Shirin Seifbarghi Alexandra Kahn Rodrigo P.P.Almeida laure Béven Michelle Heck Saskia A.Hogenhout Gitta Coaker Department of Crop Genetics John Innes CentreNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR47UHUK Department of Plant Pathology University of CaliforniaDavisCA95616USA Department of Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Cornell UniversityIthacaNY 14853USA Department of Environmental Science Policy and ManagementUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA UMR 1332 Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie Univ.BordeauxINRAEVillenave d'Ornon 33882 France Boyce Thompson Institute IthacaNY 14853USA Emerging Pests and Pathogens Research Unit Robert W.Holley CenterUSDA ARSIthacaNY 14853USA School of Environmental Sciences University of East AngliaNorwich Research ParkNorwich NR47T JUK

Vector-borne plant diseases have significant ecological and economic impacts,affecting farm profitability and forest composition throughout the *** vector-borne pathogens have evolved sophisticated strategies to interact with their hemipteran insect vectors and plant *** pathogens reside in plant vascular tissue,and their study represents an excellent opportunity to uncover novel biological mechanisms regulating intracellular pathogenesis and to contribute to the control of some of the world's most invasive emerging *** this perspective,we highlight recent advances and major unanswered questions in the realm of bacterial vector-borne disease,focusing on liberibacters,phytoplasmas,spiroplasmas,and Xylella fastidiosa.

关键词： liberibacter phytoplasma spiroplasma Xylella fastidiosa vector-borne disease effector plant immunity