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MODELING SCENARIOS OF ETHNIC CONFLICTS

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MODELING SCENARIOS OF ETHNIC CONFLICTS

Early plasmapheresis and rituximab for acute humoral rejection after ABO-compatible liver transplantation

第11届国际模糊系统协会世界大会

作者： laure Mouillet Bernadette Bouchon-Meunier Emmanuel Collain LIP6 Pole IA-8 rue du Capitaine Scott-75015 Paris-France THALES Land ＆ Joint Systems-160 bd de Valmy BP82-92704 Colombes Cedex-France LIP6 Pole IA-8 rue du Capitaine Scott-75015 Paris-France THALES Land ＆ Joint Systems-160 bd de Valmy BP82-92704 Colombes Cedex-France

＜正＞ The purpose of this research is the online detection of ethnic conflicts. We have chosen a knowledge management approach. An ontology describing ethnic conflicts is designed by experts with the help of automatic tools. Then a recognition engine performs model-based inference in order to recognize instances of ethnic conflicts from events feeding the system. Ethnic conflict scenarios are described thanks to the template technique. This technique provides both a formalism to represent scenarios and mechanisms to evaluate the resemblance between a sequence of events happening in a monitored country and the scenarios provided to the system. It is possible to represent inaccuracies in the knowledge. In particular, imprecise temporal constraints between the pairs of events are represented by means of fuzzy sets. General domain knowledge is represented by means of an ontology close to the Description Logics formalism in which the templates are integrated. The domain ontology and the data are represented in XML files.

关键词： Ontology Fuzzy Logic XML Spatio-temporal modeling

来源： cnki会议评论

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第27期15卷 3426-3430页

作者： Nassim Kamar laurence Lavayssière Fabrice Muscari Janick Selves Céline Guilbeau-Frugier Isabelle Cardeau laure Esposito Olivier Cointault Marie Béatrice Nogier Jean Marie Peron Philippe Otal Marylise Fort Lionel Rostaing Department of Nephrology Dialysis and Multi-Organ Transplantation CHU RangueilTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France INSERM U858 IFR 31 CHU Rangueil TSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France Department of Liver Transplantation CHU RangueilTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France Department of Histopathology CHU PurpanTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France Department of Histopathology CHU RangueilTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France Department of Histopathology CHU PurpanTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France Department of Radiology CHU RangueilTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France Department of Immunology CHU RangueilTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France INSERM U563 IFR 30 CHU PurpanTSA 50032 31059 Toulouse Cédex 9 France

Acute humoral rejection （AHR） is uncommon after ABO- compatible liver transplantation. Herein, we report two cases of AHR treated with plasmapheresis and rituximab in two ABO-compatible liver-transplant patients with preformed anti-human leukocyte antigen donor-specific antibodies. Patient 1 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR at day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, and OKT3. Because of persisting signs of biopsy-proven AHR at day 26, she was treated by plasmapheresis and rituximab. Uver enzyme levels did not improve, and she died on day 41. Patient 2 experienced a biopsy-proven AHR on day 10 post-transplant. She was treated by steroid pulses, plasmapheresis, and rituximab. Liver enzymes returned to within normal range 18 d after diagnosis. Uver biopsies, at 3 and 9 mo post-transplant, showed complete resolution of AHR. We conclude that plasmapheresis should be started as soon as AHR is diagnosed, and be associated with a B-cell depleting agent. Rituximab may be considered as a first-line therapy.

关键词： Acute humoral rejection Liver transplantation Donor-specific antibodies Rituximab Plasmapheresis

Impact of Standardized Scheme on the Detection of Chest X-Ray Abnormalities and Radiographic Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Adult

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Open Journal of Medical Imaging 2014年第1期4卷 23-30页

作者： Marie laure Gharingam Boniface Moifo Eric Walter Pefura Yone André Pascal Kengne Jean Roger Moulion Tapouh Annick laure Edzimbi Georges Nguefack-Tsague Samuel Nko’o Amvene Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Service of Pulmonology Yaounde Jamot Hospital Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences The University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Public Health The University of Yaoundé I Yaoundé Cameroon South African Medical Research Council & University of Cape Town Cape Town South Africa

Purpose: The complexity of chest radiography (CXR) is a source of variability in its interpretation. We assessed the effect of an interpretation grid on the detection of CXR anomalies and radio- graphic diagnosis of tuberculosis in an endemic area for tuberculosis. Methods: The study was conducted in Yaounde (Cameroon). Six observers (2 pulmonologists, 2 radiologists and 2 senior residents in medical imaging) interpreted 47 frontal CXR twice two months apart without (R1) and with (R2) the aid of an interpretation grid. We focused on the detection of micro nodules (n = 16), cavitations (n = 12), pleural effusion (n = 6), adenomegaly (n = 6), and diagnosis of tuberculosis (n = 23) and cancer (n = 7). Results: The average score for accurate detection of elementary lesions was 40.4% [95%CI: 25% - 58.3%] in R1 and 52.1% [36.9% - 65.3%] in R2. The highest im- provement was observed for micro nodules (19.8%). Cavitations had the highest proportions of accurate detections (58.3% in R1 and 65.3% in R2). The average score of accurate diagnosis was 46.1% in R1 and 57.4% in R2. Accurate diagnosis improved by 3.6% for tuberculosis and 19% for cancer between R1 and R2. Intra-observer agreement was higher for the diagnosis of cancers (0.22 ≤ k ≤ 1) than for diagnosing tuberculosis (0.21 ≤ k ≤ 0.68). Inter-observer agreement was highly variable with a modest improvement for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in R2. Conclusion: Standardized interpretation scheme improved the detection of CXR anomalies and diagnosis of tuberculosis. It significantly improved inter-observer’s agreement in diagnosing tuberculosis but not in detecting most lesions.

关键词： Chest Radiography Interpretation Scheme Tuberculosis Micro Nodules Cavitations Agreement

Towards A “Deep” Ontology for African Traditional Medicine

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Intelligent Information Management 2011年第6期3卷 244-251页

作者： Armel Ayimdji Souleymane Koussoubé laure P. Fotso Balira O. Konfé 不详

The increasing interest on ontologies as the backbone technology for knowledge based systems implies the refinement of ontologies development methods. In this paper we propose a new approach to develop an ontology for African Traditional Medicine. The aim of our approach is to build a deep ontology by deepening concepts descriptions to formally represent all the semantics underlying the concepts used in African traditional medicine. We use a description logics language to formalize our approach.

关键词： Primary Ontology Deep Ontology Hidden Aspects Interpretations African Traditional Medicine Description Logics

Predictive modeling in neurocritical care using causal artificial intelligence

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2021年第4期10卷 112-119页

作者： Johnny Dang Amos Lal laure Flurin Amy James Ognjen Gajic Alejandro A Rabinstein Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Medicine Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care MedicineMultidisciplinary Epidemiology and Translational Research in Intensive CareMayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Division of Clinical Microbiology Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Medicine Mayo ClinicRochesterMN 55905United States Department of Medicine Department of NeurologyMayo Clinic College of MedicineRochesterMN 55905United States

Artificial intelligence(AI)and digital twin models of various systems have long been used in industry to test products quickly and *** of digital twins in clinical medicine caught attention with the development of Archimedes,an AI model of diabetes,in *** recently,AI models have been applied to the fields of cardiology,endocrinology,and undergraduate medical *** use of digital twins and AI thus far has focused mainly on chronic disease management,their application in the field of critical care medicine remains much less *** neurocritical care,current AI technology focuses on interpreting electroencephalography,monitoring intracranial pressure,and prognosticating *** models have been developed to interpret electroencephalograms by helping to annotate the tracings,detecting seizures,and identifying brain activation in unresponsive *** this mini-review we describe the challenges and opportunities in building an actionable AI model pertinent to neurocritical care that can be used to educate the newer generation of clinicians and augment clinical decision making.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Digital twin Critical care Neurology Causal artificial intelligence Predictive modeling

Angular Dependence of the Second Harmonic Generation Induced by Femtosecond Laser Irradiation in Silica-Based Glasses:Variation with Writing Speed and Pulse Energy

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World Journal of Nano Science and Engineering 2015年第3期5卷 96-106页

作者： Jing Cao Bertrand Poumellec Fran?ois Brisset Anne-laure Helbert Matthieu Lancry Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay(ICMMO) CNRS-UniversitéParis SudUniversitéParis SaclayBat.420Campus Orsay91405 OrsayFrance

To control second harmonic generation (SHG) in silica-based glasses is crucial for fabricating photonic devices, such as frequency doubling waveguides. Here, we investigated SHG of laser induced nonlinear optical crystals in silica-based glasses, according to writing speed and pulse energy. We observed two regions with different probing laser polarization angular dependence: a) a well-defined cosine-like curve with period of 180° at low pulse energy (0.8 μJ) whatever the writing speed or at high pulse energy (1.4 μJ) with high writing speed (25 μm/s). This is accounted for by a well-defined texture for the nano crystals with their polar axis oriented perpendicular to the writing laser polarization;and b) a double cosine-like curve revealing a second texture of the crystals at high pulse energy (1.4 μJ) with low writing speed (5 μm/s) and with the polar axis oriented closer parallel to the writing laser polarization. Therefore, a SHG dependence on probing laser polarization angle may show high contrast by a correct choice of the writing speed and pulse energy. These results pave the way for elaboration of nonlinear optical devices.

关键词： Nonlinear Optical Crystal Glass Ceramics Direct Writing Ultrafast Processes Waveguide

Morphological Identification of the Main Fungi Associated with Sesame in Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第8期14卷 882-895页

作者： Dianyagou Paul Ouali Pawindé Elisabeth Zida Wendolian Romain Soalla Kuilpoko Marie laure Guissou Laboratoire Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre (LASVT) Université Norbert Zongo Koudougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Phytopathologie et de Biotechnologie Végétale Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles/CNRST Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Several fungal species are responsible for diseases that damage sesame crop and cause production losses. These seed-borne fungi cause serious damage by reducing seed germination. To identify the fungi associated with sesame seeds in Burkina Faso, 72 sesame seed samples were collected from 24 localities in the main production areas (Sudanian zone, Sudano-Sahelian zone, Sahelian zone). These samples were submitted for seed health analysis using the blotting paper incubation method. The results obtained revealed that the seed samples were contaminated by various fungi, the main ones being: Fusarium spp. Link: Fr. infecting 97.22% of the samples, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. (90.28%), Alternaria sesamicola E. Kawamura (83.33%), Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn (76.39%), Cercospora sesami A. Zimmerm. (73.61%), Phoma sorghina Boerema, Dorenbosch, & Van Kesteren (73.61%), Aspergillus flavus Link: Fr. (69.44%), Cladosporium sphaerospermum Penz. (56.94%), Rhizopus sp. Ehrenb. (40.28%) and A. niger Tiegh. (36.11%). In each seed sample, 0.25% to 94% of the seeds host one or more fungal species. Regarding the climatic zones, the results revealed that A. sesamicola and A. flavus were more represented in the Sudanian zone than in the Sudano-Sahelian and Sahelian zones;while P. sorghina, and C. sphaerospermum were more encountered in the Sahelian zone than in the other two zones. This study showed that the majority of sesame seeds produced and used by farmers in Burkina Faso host one or more species of fungi at high levels.

关键词： Sesame Fungi Associated with Seeds Seed Health Analysis Burkina Faso

Endoscopy-based management decreases the risk of postoperative recurrences in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第21期22卷 5068-5078页

作者： Anne-laure Boucher Bruno Pereira Stéphanie Decousus Marion Goutte Felix Goutorbe Anne Dubois Johan Gagniere Corinne Borderon Juliette Joubert Denis Pezet Michel Dapoigny Pierre J Déchelotte Gilles Bommelaer Anthony Buisson Gastroenterology Department University Hospital Estaing 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France DRCI Biostatistics Unit GM Clermont-Ferrand University and Medical Center 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France Pathology Department University Hospital Estaing 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France Microbes Intestine Inflammation and Susceptibility of the Host UMR 1071 Inserm/Universite d'Auvergne USC-INRA 2018 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France Digestive Surgery Department University Hospital Estaing 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France Pediatrics Department University Hospital Estaing 63000 Clermont-Ferrand France

AIM: To investigate whether an endoscopy-based management could prevent the long-term risk of postoperative ***: From the pathology department database, we retrospectively retrieved the data of all the patients operated on for Crohn’s disease (CD) in our center (1986-2015). Endoscopy-based management was defined as systematic postoperative colonoscopy (median time after surgery = 9.5 mo) in patients with no clinical postoperative recurrence at the time of ***: From 205 patients who underwent surgery, 161 patients (follow-up > 6 mo) were included. Endoscopic postoperative recurrence occurred in 67.6%, 79.7%, and 95.5% of the patients, respectively 5, 10 and 20 years after surgery. The rate of clinical postoperative recurrence was 61.4%, 75.9%, and 92.5% at 5, 10 and 20 years, respectively. The rate of surgical postoperative recurrence was 19.0%, 38.9% and 64.7%, respectively, 5, 10 and 20 years after surgery. In multivariate analysis, previous intestinal resection, prior exposure to anti-TNF therapy before surgery, and fistulizing phenotype (B3) were postoperative risk factors. Previous perianal abscess/fistula (other perianal lesions excluded), were predictive of only symptomatic recurrence. In multivariate analysis, an endoscopy-based management (n = 49/161) prevented clinical (HR = 0.4, 95%CI: 0.25-0.66, P < 0.001) and surgical postoperative recurrence (HR = 0.30, 95%CI: 0.13-0.70, P = 0.006).CONCLUSION: Endoscopy-based management should be recommended in all CD patients within the first year after surgery as it highly decreases the long-term risk of clinical recurrence and reoperation.

关键词： Crohn’ s disease Postoperative recurrence Endoscopy Prevalence Risk factors

Erratum to:Microstructure and texture evolution of nonoriented silicon steel during the punching process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2023年第6期30卷 1225-1225页

作者： Xiang Fang Wei Wang François Brisset Anne-laure Helbert Thierry Baudin School of Automotive Engineering Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Hubei Research Center for New Energy&Intelligent Connected Vehicle Wuhan University of TechnologyWuhan 430070China Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d’Orsay UniversitéParis-SaclayCNRS91405 OrsayFrance

The original online version of this article unfortunately contained a *** author’s name in the original online version is incorrect,which is:Xiang Fang,Wei Wang,François Brisset,Anne-laure Helberg,and Thierry Baudin ... 详细信息

关键词： Microstructure steel evolution