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A Probable Connection between a Bitumen Sample from the Western Niger Delta and Isan Well Sample from the Lower Cretaceous (Neocomian) Shale

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Open Journal of Geology 2022年第12期12卷 1081-1092页

作者： Selegha Abrakasa Koffi Eugene Kouadio Franck-Hilaire Essiagne emma laure oura Department of Geology University of Port Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphouë t-Boigny Yamoussoukro C&#244 te d’Ivoire Civil Engineering Geoscience and Geographic Sciences Laboratory Yamoussoukro Cote d’Ivoire Center of Analysis and Research PETROCI Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

An earlier study of GC-MS analysis on bitumen samples from the Agbabu area in Western Niger Delta showed the significant presence of gammacerane and no Oleanane and is suggested to be generated from the Lower Cretaceous (Neocomian) source rock, however, twelve core samples were obtained from the geological survey of Nigeria for both optical geochemical and biomarker analysis, two of the samples from Isan-9 well indicated the presence of Botryococcus braunii a freshwater alga which is characteristic of a lacustrine lake type environment. The extracts from the same core showed m/z = 191 chromatogram with the significant presence of gammacerane which is diagnostic for stratified water columns and characterizes a typical lake environment. However, the m/z = 191 chromatogram also shows the presence of Oleanane which is diagnostic for vascular plant materials, this doesn’t corroborate with that of the Ise-2 well. The Isan-9 well source rock is suggested to have occurred due to the evolving structural geology of the continental shelf after the onset of the rifting, whereby the dominant lake-type environment in the Early Cretaceous was accompanied by a sediment fill of continental runoffs containing vascular plant materials. This implies that an ancient lacustrine lake system was gradually modified as a result of sedimentary infill. And that the bitumen is sourced from the lower Cretaceous Neocomian source rocks.

关键词： Amorphous Botryococcus Braunii Bitumen Gammacerane Neocomian Niger Delta Basin Oleanane

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Abundance and Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of the Ivory Coastal Zone (Toukouzou Hozalem-Assinie)

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2023年第1期14卷 12-27页

作者： laure emma oura Vanh Eric-Simon Zran Georges Kouadio Horo Koné Affoué Tindo Sylvie Konan Albert Trokourey Kouassi Benjamin Yao Fofana Bakary Laboratoire des Procédés Industriels de Synthèse de l’Environnement et des Energies Nouvelles (LAPISEN) de l’Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphouë t Boigny de Yamoussoukro Yamoussoukro C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre Analyses et Recherche (CAR) Petroci Holding Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Constitution et Réaction de la Matière (LCRM) Université Félix Houphouet Boigny Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire Department of Science and Technology Université Alassane Ouattara de Bouaké Bouaké C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico Chimie du Milieu Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&ocirc te d’Ivoire Centre D’Analyse et de Recherche de la PETROCI (DCAR) Cô te d’Ivoire. Immeuble les Hevéas-14 Bd Carde Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are strongly associated with agricultural, residential, transportation, industrial and petroleum activities. In this study, the presence of PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) was investigated in sediments of the ivory coastal zone (Toukouzou Hozalem-Assinie). The main objectives of this study were to determine the abundance and to predict the source of PAHs in the sediments. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to analyze sixteen priority PAHs. Total PAHs concentrations were from 1.31 to 3992.68 mg/kg in sediment with an average concentration of (307.54 ± 16.10) mg/kg. Among all PAHs, Naphthalene (Nap = 332.72 mg/kg) and Phenanthrene (Phe = 41.75 mg/kg) were found in the highest concentration, whereas Benzo (k) Fluoranthene was found in the least concentration in the range of 0 - 0.85 mg/kg (mean 0.24 mg/kg). Bassam-Modeste Lagune (BML) sampling site was the site with the highest concentration of total PAHs (all 16 PAHs) compared to the others due to their location in a highly populated estuary area that receives commercial, tourism, port, petroleum and heavy industrial activities. Diagnostic ratios were used to determine the sources of PAHs and suggested that the PAH profile in the sediments was dominated by 2 and 3 ring PAHs. The patterns of PAH compounds in sediment indicated that contamination is from mixed sources, with a strong indication of petrogenic contamination potentially from spills of fuel, oil and industrial activities.

关键词： Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Sediment Source Abundance Ivorian Coastal

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