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Television Programs for Teenagers and the Use of Multimodality in Knowledge Popularization

Journalism and Mass Communication 2011年第2期1卷 123-135页

作者： laura santamaria Margarida Bassols Anna Torrent Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Spain

The aim of this work is to study the interaction of spoken words and images that are used within programs targeted to popularize knowledge among teenagers. We will look into the program Bit@bit developed by Television de Catalunya, which is intended to disseminate computer concepts, tools and procedures. In this kind of program, one can find spoken language （on/off screen voices, interviews, etc.）, other oral material （sounds, music, songs）, written language （descriptions, title sequences, inserts and Uniform Resource Locator, or electronic addresses）, and other visual material （film cut images, advertising, other TV programs, cartoons, films, both location or studio images, depicting reality, or computer screens, or logotypes）. The profusion of multimodal elements used in this program helps to keep the young audience＇s attention. The use of references to their world or knowledge, as a target group, is based on interplay among different semiotic strategies. At the same time, the entire program＇s multi-segmentation into short video clips, combined with a fast paced sound track helps its audience to understand the specialized explanations presented. Of all the multimodal wealth that the program presents, we will concentrate only on the relationship between the words and the images （leaving other secondary semiotics to one side）, the main strategy for achieving the objective of transmitting knowledge and winning adolescent audiences.

关键词： discourse television knowledge popularization multimodality teenagers

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不同固定床位置生物质热解挥发物蒸汽催化重整反应中焦炭的形成和演化

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Chinese Journal of Catalysis 2023年第5期48卷 101-116页

作者： Enara Fernandez laura santamaria Irati García Maider Amutio Maite Artetxe Gartzen Lopez Javier Bilbao Martin Olazar 巴斯克大学化工系西班牙巴斯克科学基金会西班牙

对生物质热解挥发物蒸汽重整反应过程中催化剂的失活过程和主要机理进行了研究.在圆锥形喷动床反应器中于500℃进行生物质热解,随后在固定床反应器中于600℃进行重整反应;同时在不同轴向位置分析了催化剂位置对重整反应器的影响.采用N_... 详细信息

对生物质热解挥发物蒸汽重整反应过程中催化剂的失活过程和主要机理进行了研究.在圆锥形喷动床反应器中于500℃进行生物质热解,随后在固定床反应器中于600℃进行重整反应;同时在不同轴向位置分析了催化剂位置对重整反应器的影响.采用N_(2)吸附-脱附、X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜、程序升温氧化、拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱对失活样品进行表征.结果表明,焦炭沉积是初始催化剂活性衰减的主要原因,且没有观察到镍位点的烧结或氧化.随着反应的进行,沿着重整催化床观察到失活情况,焦炭沉积于催化剂内,其性质和组成取决于到达床中每个轴向位置的挥发物组成.在催化床的入口部分,焦炭沉积在Ni位点上,并且具有一定的含氧量.在更深的轴向床位置,催化剂与挥发性物质接触,该挥发性物质的组成已经明显改变,从而形成具有石墨化程度更高的焦炭,并且形成更多的缩合聚芳烃化合物.此外,沉积在所有失活样品上的焦炭没有呈现任何特定的形态,这也表明,无论所处的催化床位置和反应时间,焦炭均呈现无定形结构.

关键词：生物质热解蒸汽重整失活积碳氢气生物油

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Mono-, bi- and tri-metallic platinum group metalfree electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction following a facile synthetic route

Industrial Chemistry & Materials

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Industrial Chemistry & Materials 2023年第3期1卷 343-359页

作者： Seyed Ariana Mirshokraee Mohsin Muhyuddin Jacopo Orsilli Enrico Berretti laura Capozzoli Alessandro Lavacchi Carmelo Lo Vecchio Vincenzo Baglio Anna Galli Andrea Zaffora Francesco Di Franco Monica santamaria Luca Olivi Simone Pollastri Carlo Santoro Department of Materials Science University of Milano-BicoccaU5Via Cozzi 5520125MilanoItaly Istituto di Chimica Dei Composti OrganoMetallici(ICCOM) Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche(CNR)Via Madonna Del Piano 1050019 Sesto FiorentinoFirenzeItaly Istituto di Tecnologie Avanzate per l'Energia“Nicola Giordano”(ITAE) Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR)Via Salita S.Lucia sopra Contesse 5Messina98126Italy Department of Engineering University of PalermoViale delle Scienze90128PalermoItaly Area Science Park Elettra-Sincrotrone TriesteBasovizzaTriesteItaly Department of Physics Computer Science and MathematicsUniversity of Modena and Reggio EmiliaVia Campi 10341125 ModenaItaly

In this work,platinum group metal-free(PGM-free)electrocatalysts were synthesized,characterized,and tested for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).These materials were mono-,bi-and trimetallic Ni-based electrocatalysts with the addition of a second or a third transition metal(TM),such as iron and ***–phthalocyanine(TMPc)was used as a metal precursor,mixed with a conductive carbon backbone and subjected to pyrolysis under controlled temperature and atmosphere *** temperatures of pyrolysis(600℃ and 900℃)were *** effect of TM loading in the precursors,different pyrolysis temperatures on the surface chemistry and morphology,and electrocatalytic activity towards HER were *** increase of NiPc in the initial mixture is beneficial to improving the electrocatalytic *** addition of a second and a third metal reflects positively on the HER ***,the pyrolysis temperature influences both the formation and growth of the nanoparticles,and this information is supported by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HR-TEM)and light synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)measurements.

关键词： Hydrogen evolution reaction PGM-free electrocatalyst Hydrogen production Ni-based electrocatalyst

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