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Inflammasome links traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease

neural Regeneration Research 2025年第6期20卷 1644-1664页

作者： Gabriela Seplovich Yazan Bouchi Juan Pablo de Rivero Vaccari Jennifer C.Munoz Pareja Andrew Reisner laura Blackwell Yehia Mechref Kevin K.Wang J.Adrian Tyndall Binu Tharakan Firas Kobeissy Department of Surgery Morehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of neurobiology Center for NeurotraumaMultiomics&Biomarkers(CNMB)Neuroscience InstituteMorehouse School of MedicineAtlantaGAUSA Department of neurological Surgery and the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Division of Pediatric Critical Care Department of PediatricsUniversity of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA Department of Pediatrics Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA Department of neurosurgery Children’s Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Texas Tech UniversityLubbockTXUSA Morehouse School of Medicine AtlantaGAUSA

Traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease are three distinct neurological disorders that share common pathophysiological mechanisms involving neuroinflammation. One sequela of neuroinflammation includes the pathologic hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, an endogenous microtubule-associated protein that protects the integrity of neuronal cytoskeletons. Tau hyperphosphorylation results in protein misfolding and subsequent accumulation of tau tangles forming neurotoxic aggregates. These misfolded proteins are characteristic of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease and can lead to downstream neuroinflammatory processes, including assembly and activation of the inflammasome complex. Inflammasomes refer to a family of multimeric protein units that, upon activation, release a cascade of signaling molecules resulting in caspase-induced cell death and inflammation mediated by the release of interleukin-1β cytokine. One specific inflammasome, the nOD-like receptor protein 3, has been proposed to be a key regulator of tau phosphorylation where it has been shown that prolonged nOD-like receptor protein 3 activation acts as a causal factor in pathological tau accumulation and spreading. This review begins by describing the epidemiology and pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. next, we highlight neuroinflammation as an overriding theme and discuss the role of the nOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome in the formation of tau deposits and how such tauopathic entities spread throughout the brain. We then propose a novel framework linking traumatic brain injury, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, and Alzheimer's disease as inflammasomedependent pathologies that exist along a temporal continuum. Finally, we discuss potential therapeutic targets that may intercept this pathway and ultimately minimize long-term neurological decline.

关键词： Alzheimer's disease caspase-1 chronic traumatic encephalopathy inflammasomes neurodegeneration neuroinflammation nLRP1 nLRP3 pyroptosis tauopathy traumatic brain injury

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智利的矿业繁荣给“世界之眼”带来威胁

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商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第12期 58-65页

作者： laura Bliss James Attwood Cristobal Olivares(图) 永年(译) 不详

在科学仰望星空之时,工业却在下探大地在爱德华多·翁达-桑扎娜(Eduardo Unda-Sanzana)一开始来到智利的阿塔卡玛沙漠教授天文学的时候,当地的黑暗曾让人辨不清方向。她所在的小型天文台位于智力北方天主教大学,位置偏远,让这里成为研... 详细信息

在科学仰望星空之时,工业却在下探大地在爱德华多·翁达-桑扎娜(Eduardo Unda-Sanzana)一开始来到智利的阿塔卡玛沙漠教授天文学的时候,当地的黑暗曾让人辨不清方向。她所在的小型天文台位于智力北方天主教大学,位置偏远,让这里成为研究变星和系外行星的理想有利位置。但由于没有夜间显露的光影,翁达-桑扎娜无法看出最近的城市在哪里。

关键词：系外行星天主教大学仰望星空翁达天文学智利天文台

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Memories With the Scent of Jasmine

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Beijing Review 2024年第15期67卷 48-48页

作者： laura Azikaeva East China normal University in Shanghai

Have you ever thought that fragrances are like time machines?Inhaling the aroma of an old book,favorite perfume or tea can transport us through time,painting a vivid picture before our eyes and allowing us to relive a... 详细信息

关键词： favorite vivid painting

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Geophysical evidence of a large occurrence of mud volcanoes associated with gas plumbing system in the Ross Sea(Antarctica)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2024年第1期15卷 304-324页

作者： Martina Busetti Riccardo Geletti Dario Civile Chiara Sauli Giuseppe Brancatelli Edy Forlin Daniela Accettella Lorenza Barro Savonuzzi laura De Santis Aldo Vesnaver Andrea Cova national Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics–OGS Borgo Grotta Gigante 42/c34010 SgonicoTriesteItaly

Seafloor and buried reliefs occur along continental margin of the Ross Sea(Antarctica).These features are several kilometres wide and tens of metres high,exhibiting cone or flat-top dome *** studies have proposed a volcanic or glacial origin for these formations,but these hypotheses do not account for all the available *** this study,we use morpho-bathymetric data,intermediate resolution multichannel seismic and high resolution chirp profiles,as well as magnetic lines to investigate these clusters of *** employing targeted processing techniques to enhance the geophysical characterization of the seafloor and buried reliefs,and to understand the underlying geological features,we propose that the reliefs are mud *** of these formations appear to be associated with a plumbing system,as indicated by acoustic anomalies linked to sediment containing *** formations are likely fed by clayey source rocks of Miocene ***,other reliefs might be the result of mud mobilisation caused by gravity instability and fluid overpressure.

关键词： Ross Sea Antarctica Mud volcanoes Gas plumbing system Gas hydrate Bottom Simulating Reflector

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Prostaglandin E1 administration post liver transplantation and renal outcomes:A retrospective single center experience

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World Journal of Transplantation 2024年第4期14卷 101-109页

作者： Vinay Jahagirdar Mohamed Ahmed Ifrah Fatima Hassam Ali laura Alba John H Helzberg Lee S Cummings Matthew Wilkinson Jameson Forster Alisa Likhitsup Department of Internal Medicine Saint Luke’s Health System of Kansas City and the University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology East Carolina University Brody School of MedicineGreenvilleNC 27834United States Division of Internal Medicine Department of Gastroenterology and HepatologySaint Luke’s Health System of Kansas City and University of Missouri-Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Surgery University of Missouri-Kansas City and Transplant SurgerySaint Luke’s Hospital of Kansas CityKansas CityMO 64111United States Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology University of MichiganAnn ArborMI 48109United States

BACKGROUnD Prostaglandin E1(PGE1),or alprostadil,is a potent vasodilator that improves hepatic blood flow and reduces ischemia-reperfusion injury post-liver transplantation(LT).However,the benefits of PGE1 on renal function after LT have not yet been well *** To assess the impact of PGE1 administration on renal function in patients who underwent liver or liver-kidney *** This retrospective study included all patients who underwent liver or liverkidney transplant at our institution from January,2011 to December,*** were classified based on whether they received ***1 was administered post-LT to those with transaminases>1000 U/L in the immediate postoperative ***,post-LT treatments and/or complications,renal function,and survival were *** logistic regression analysis was performed,and a two-tailed P valuensidered statistically *** A total of 145 patients underwent LT,with 44(30%)receiving *** patient characteristics were comparable,except the PGE1 group had significantly higher aspartate aminotransferase(AST)(1961.9 U/L±1862.3 U/L vs 878 U/L±741.4 U/L,P=0.000),alanine aminotransferase(1070.6 U/L±895 U/L vs 547.7 U/L±410 U/L,P=0.000),international normalized ratio on post-LT day 1(2±0.74 vs 1.8±0.4,P=0.03),a longer intensive care unit stay(8.1 days±11.8 days vs 3.8 days±4.6 days,P=0.003),more vasopressor use(55.53 hours±111 hours vs 16.33 hours±26.3 hours,P=0.002),and higher immediate postoperative complications(18.6%vs 4.9%,P=0.04).The PGE1 group also had a significantly higher 90-day readmission rate(29.6%vs 13.1%,P=0.02)and lower 1-year liver graft survival(87.5%vs 98.9%,P=0.005).However,30-day readmission(31.6%vs 27.4%,P=0.64),LT complications(hepatic artery thrombosis,biliary complications,rejection of liver graft,cardiomyopathy),1-year patient survival(96.9%vs 97.8%,P=0.77),overall liver graft survival,and overall patient survival were similar between t

关键词： Liver transplantation Alprostadil Protective agents Transplant Prostaglandin E1

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The Janus face of n-terminal lysines in α-synuclein

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neural Regeneration Research 2020年第10期15卷 1840-1841页

作者： Ana Belén Uceda laura Mari?o Miquel Adrover Institut Universitari d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut (IUnICS) Institut d’Investigació Sanitària Illes Balears (Id ISBa) Departament de Química Universitat de les Illes Balears

Parkinson’s disease(PD)is the second most prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s *** usually starts with a tremor in the extremities(usually in the hands)and gradually evolves with other symptoms such as bradykinesia,muscle stiffness,impaired posture,loss of automatic movements or speech *** symptoms worsen as the condition progresses and eventually lead to death.

关键词： impaired Alzheimer eventually

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Pregnancy and child developmental outcomes after preimplantation genetic screening: a meta-analytic and systematic review

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第6期14卷 555-569页

作者： Misaki n.natsuaki laura M.Dimler Department of Psychology University of CaliforniaRiverside900 University Ave.RiversideCA 92521USA Department of Psychology Regent University1000 Regent University Dr.Virginia BeachVA 23474USA

Background In in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening (PGD/S) attempts to detect chromosomal abnormalities in embryos before implantation. Using the meta-analytic and qualitative review approaches, this study aims to evaluate the effect of PGD/S on clinical pregnancy, live births, and childhood outcomes. Methods We conducted a literature search using 1) PubMed and other search engines, and 2) an ancestry search by track-ing references cited in prior work. After screening the studies, we extracted information pertinent to the meta-analysis. We calculated the effect sizes for clinical pregnancy and live birth rates, and performed a moderation analysis by maternal age, type of genetic screening, and timing of the biopsy. For childhood outcomes, we conducted a systematic review of studies reporting the anthropometric, psychomotor, cognitive, behavioral, and family functioning of PGD/S children. Results We included 26 studies for clinical pregnancy and live births, and 18 studies for childhood outcomes. Results indi-cated that women who underwent comprehensive chromosome screening-based PGD/S had significantly higher clinical pregnancy rates (rr 1.207, 95% CI 1.017–1.431) and live birth rates (rr 1.362, 95% CI 1.057–1.755) than those whose IVF treatment did not include PGD/S. Early childhood outcomes of PGD/S children did not differ from those of non-PGD/S children. Conclusions Comprehensive chromosome screening-based PGD/S can improve clinical pregnancy and live birth rates without adversely affecting functioning in childhood at least up to age 9. Results are discussed in the context of bioethical, financial, legal, and psychological issues surrounding PGD/S.

关键词： Child development In vitro fertilization Pregnancy Preimplantation genetic diagnosis/screening

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Tree: Reducing the use of restrictive practices on psychiatric wards through virtual reality immersive technology training

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第10期14卷 1521-1537页

作者： Peter Phiri laura Pemberton Yang Liu Xiaojie Yang Joe Salmon Isabel Boulter Sana Sajid Jackie Clarke Andy McMillan Jian Qing Shi Gayathri Delanerolle Department of Research&Innovation Southern Health National Health Service Foundation TrustSouthampton SO303JBUnited Kingdom Department of Statistics and Data Science Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055Guangdong ProvinceChina School of Statistics and Mathematics Yunnan University of Finance and EconomicsKunming 650221Yunnan ProvinceChina Virti Healthcare KeynshamBristol BS311SNUnited Kingdom neuromodulation Centre Southern Health National Health Service Foundation TrustSouthampton SO140YGUnited Kingdom national Health Service Talking Therapies Southern Health National Health Service Foundation TrustSouthampton SO509FHUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUnD Restrictive practices(RPs)are defined by measures linked to physical and chemical restraints to reduce the movement or control behaviours during any *** is an equal part of RPs intended to isolate and reduce the sensory stimulation to safeguard the patient and those within the *** interventions by way of virtual reality(VR)could assist with reducing the need for RPs as it could help reduce anxiety or agitation by way of placing users into realistic and immersive *** could also aid staff to and change current *** To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of using a VR platform to provide reduction in RP *** A randomised controlled feasibility study,accompanied by evaluations at 1 month and 6 months,was conducted within inpatient psychiatric wards at Southern Health national Health Service Foundation Trust,United *** VR scenarios were used on VR headsets to provide training on reducing RPs in 3 inpatient psychiatric *** measures included general self-efficacy scale,generalised anxiety disorder assessment 7(GAD-7),Burnout Assessment Tool 12,the Everyday Discrimination Scale,and the Compassionate Engagement and Action *** Findings revealed statistically significant differences between the VR and treatment as usual groups,in the Everyday Discrimination Scale items Q8 and Q9:P=0.023 and P=0.040 respectively,indicating higher levels of perceived discrimination in the VR *** were no significant differences between groups in terms of general self-efficacy,generalised anxiety disorder assessment 9,and Burnout Assessment Tool 12 scores.A significant difference was observed within the VR group for compassionate engagement from others(P=0.005)over *** respondents recorded System Usability Scale scores above 70,with an average score of *** was a significant reduction in rates of RPs in the VR group vs treatment as usual group with a fluctuating variability ob

关键词： Virtual reality Restrictive practices Inpatient wards Restraint Isolation Rapid tranquilisation Covert medication Procedural restrictions Health professions training

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Factors associated with decreased compliance after on-site extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulation for acute respiratory distress syndrome:A retrospective,observational cohort study

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 194-201页

作者： Sylvain Le Pape Florent Joly François Arrivé Jean-Pierre Frat Maeva Rodriguez Maïa Joos laura Marchasson Mathilde Wairy Arnaud WThille Rémi Coudroy Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers Service de Médecine Intensive RéanimationPoitiersFrance InSERM Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1402 IS-ALIVE Research GroupUniversitéde PoitiersPoitiersFrance

Background Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)for acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is systematically associated with decreased respiratory system compliance(CRS).It remains unclear whether transportation to the referral ECMO center,changes in ventilatory mode or settings to achieve ultra-protective ventilation,or the natural evolution of ARDS drives this change in respiratory ***,we assessed the precise moment when CRS decreases after ECMO cannulation and identified factors associated with decreased *** To rule out the effect of transportation and the different modes of ventilation on CRS,we conducted a retrospective,single-center,observational cohort study from January 2013 to May 2020,on 22 patients with severe ARDS requiring on-site ECMO and ventilated in pressure-controlled mode to achieve ultra-protective *** was assessed at different time points ranging from 12 h before ECMO cannulation to 72 h after ECMO *** primary outcome was the relative change in CRS between 3 h before and 3 h after ECMO *** secondary outcomes included variables associated with the relative changes in CRS within the first 3 h after ECMO cannulation and the relative changes in CRS at each time *** CRS decreased within the first 3 h after ECMO cannulation(−28.3%,95%confidence interval[CI]:−38.8 to−17.9,Pnd after these first 3 h after ECMO *** achieve ultra-protective ventilation,respiratory rate decreased in the mean by–13 breaths/min(95%CI:−15 to−11)and driving pressure by−8.3 cmH2O(95%CI:−11.2 to−5.3),resulting in decreased tidal volume by−3.3 mL/kg of predicted body weight(95%CI:−3.9 to−2.6)as compared to before ECMO cannulation(Pn,driving pressure reduction,and tidal volume reduction were significantly associated with decreased CRS after ECMO cannulation,whereas neither respiratory rate,positive end-expiratory pr

关键词： Acute respiratory distress syndrome Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation Driving pressure Respiratory compliance

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neuropsychological Profile of a Patient with Acquired Brain Damage Following Vascular Lesion of the Left Anterior Cingulate Cortex

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neuroscience & Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 66-75页

作者： Jimmy Zúñiga-Márquez Lina Borda-Camargo Diego Buitrago-Mora Lorely Guerra-Valdés laura González Patricia Quintero-Cusgüen nataly Gutierrez-Ávila Hospital Universitario de la Samaritana Bogotá Colombia neuropsychological Assessment and Diagnosis Graduate Program School of Psychology Universidad San Buenaventura Bogotá Bogotá Colombia

Stroke is a physiological alteration associated with changes in blood flow that can result in sudden-onset cognitive impairment. It has a heterogenous clinical presentation with varying degrees of severity correlated with specific central nervous system zones or areas, and its prognosis is uncertain. This case study describes a 62-year-old male patient with acquired brain damage of the anterior cingulate cortex as a result of an ischemic event in the territory of the left anterior cerebral artery. Cognitive function was assessed using the neuropsychological executive function and frontal lobe test battery (BAnFE-2) as well as other neuropsychological tests. The results show a profile of higher mental functions characterized by the presence of dysexecutive syndrome with marked behavioral alteration and diencephalic amnesia. .

关键词： Ischemic Stroke Anterior Cingulate Cortex neuropsychology Acquired Brain Damage

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