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Fatigue in children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第5期25卷 632-643页

作者： Els Van de Vijver Ann Van Gils laura beckers Yannick Van Driessche Nicolette Dorien Moes Patrick Ferry van Rheenen Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition Antwerp University Hospital Department of Anesthesiology Antwerp University Hospital Family Medicine Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology Hepatology and Nutrition University Medical Center Groningen

AIM To identify factors other than active disease and anemia that contribute to fatigue in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).METHODS We performed an electronic search in Medline and EMBASE from their inception to May 2017 using the search term "fatigue" or the related keywords "physical impairment" and "inflammatory bowel disease" with the filter "child"(age 0-18 years). Cross-sectional and case-control studies were included. We restricted our search to studies published in English. We used the PRISMA checklist and flow diagram. Duplicate articles were manually deleted in End Note. To identify further relevant studies, we checked the reference lists of the selected articles.RESULTS We identified 149 papers, of which 19 were retrieved for full text review. Eleven studies were subsequently excluded because fatigue was not evaluated as an outcome measure. Eight papers focused on the desired topic and were discussed in the final analysis. A lack of uniformity of outcome measures made the pooling of data impossible. In all but one study, questionnaires were used to evaluate fatigue. In the remaining study, an accelerometer was used to measure daily activities, sleeping time and their relationships with fatigue in a more quantifiable manner. Adolescents with IBD are significantly more fatigued than healthy controls. In addition to active disease, increased anxiety or depression and disturbed family relationships were frequently reported predictors of fatigue. Quantitative measurement of physical activity in patients with Crohn's disease showed a reduction in the number of steps per day, and patients with ulcerative colitis had a shorter duration of physical activity during the day.CONCLUSION Fatigue in pediatric IBD is related to a combination of biological, functional and behavioral factors, which should all be taken into account when managing fatigue.

关键词： Adolescents Children Fatigue Inflammatory bowel disease Physical impairment Sleep

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The complexities of female mate choice and male polymorphisms： Elucidating the role of genetics, age, and mate-choice copying

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Current Zoology 2015年第6期61卷 1015-1035页

作者： Kasey D. FOWLER-FINN laura SULLIVAN-beckers Amy M. RUNCK Eileen A. HEBETS School of Biological Sciences University of Nebraska Lincoln NE 68508 USA

Genetic, life history, and environmental factors dictate patterns of variation in sexual traits within and across populations, and thus the action and outcome of sexual selection. This study explores patterns of inheritance, diet, age, and mate-choice copying on the expression of male sexual signals and associated female mate choice in a phenotypically diverse group of wolf spiders. Focal spiders exhibit one of two male phenotypes: 'ornamented' males possess large black brushes on their forelegs, and 'non-ornamented' males possess no brushes. Using a quantitative genetics breeding design in a mixed population of ornamented/non-ornamented males, we found a strong genetic basis to male phenotype and female choice. We also found that some ornamented males produced some sons with large brushes and others with barely visible brushes. Results of diet manipulations and behavioral mating trials showed no influence of diet on male phenotype or female mate choice. Age post maturation, however, influenced mate choice, with younger females being more likely to mate with ornamented males. A mate-choice copying experiment found that, following observations of another female's mate choice/copulation, virgin mature females tended to match the mate choice (ornamented vs. non-ornamented males) of the females they observed. Finally, analyses of genetic variation across phenotypically pure (only one male phenotype present) vs. mixed (both phenotypes present) populations revealed genetic distinction between phenotypes in phenotypically-pure populations, but no distinctionin phenotypically-mixed populations. The difference in patterns of genetic differentiation and mating across geographic locations suggests a complex network of factors contributing to the outcome of sexual selection.

关键词：数量遗传学基因多态性男性女性择偶年龄复杂性表型选择

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