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Ergodic Capacity Evaluation of Multi-Hop Decode-and-Forward MIMO-OFDM Relaying Network

Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第9期68卷 3133-3145页

作者： latif jan Mohammad Haseeb Zafar Abdul Waheed Mahdi Zareei Faisal Alanazi Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering&TechnologyPeshawar25120Pakistan Department of Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21120Pakistan Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopan45201Mexico Department of Electrical Engineering Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityCollege of EngineeringAl Kharj16278Saudi Arabia

Spatial diversity plays a significant role in wireless communication systems,including the Fourth Generation(4G)and Fifth Generation(5G)systems,and it is expected to be a fundamental part of the future wireless communication systems as *** Multiple-Input Multiple-Output(MIMO)technology,which is included in the IEEE 802.16j standard,still holds the most crucial position in the 4G spectrum as it promises to improve the throughput,capacity,spectral,and energy efficiency of wireless communication systems in the *** makes MIMO a viable technology for delay constrained medical and health care *** paper presents an approximate closed-form expression of the ergodic capacity for the Decode-and-Forward(DF)protocol MIMO-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)relaying *** MIMO-OFDM is highly valuable for modern high-speed wireless communication systems,especially in the medical sciences,its performance degrades in multi-hop relay ***,in this paper,an approximate closed-form expression is derived for an end-to-end ergodic capacity of multi-hop DF MIMO-OFDM wireless communication system has been ***-Carlo simulations are conducted to verify the performance of the presented analysis regarding the capacity(bits/s/Hz)for different SNR-dB values for single,2×2,4×4,and multi-hop DF MIMOOFDM *** presented results provide useful insights for the research on the end-to-end ergodic capacity evaluation.

关键词： Multiple-input multiple-output system decode-and-forward protocol orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ergodic capacity

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Traffic Queuing Management in the Internet of Things: An Optimized RED Algorithm Based Approach

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第1期66卷 359-372页

作者： Abdul Waheed Naila Habib Khan Mahdi Zareei Shahab Ul Islam latif jan Arif Iqbal Umar Ehab Mahmoud Mohamed Department of Information Technology Hazara UniversityMansehra21120Pakistan School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul National UniversitySeoul08826Korea Department of Computer Science Institute of Management SciencesPeshawar25000Pakistan Tecnologico de Monterrey School of Engineering and SciencesZapopan45201Mexico Department of Computer Science IQRA National UniversityPeshawar25124Pakistan Department of Electrical Engineering University of Engineering TechnologyPeshawar25120Pakistan Electrical Engineering Department College of EngineeringPrince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz UniversityWadi Addwasir11991Saudi Arabia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of EngineeringAswan UniversityAswan81542Egypt

Congestion control is one of the main obstacles in cyberspace *** in internet traffic may cause several problems;such as high packet hold-up,high packet dropping,and low packet *** the course of data transmission for various applications in the Internet of things,such problems are usually generated relative to the *** tackle such problems,this paper presents an analytical model using an optimized Random Early Detection(RED)algorithm-based approach for internet traffic *** validity of the proposed model is checked through extensive simulation-based *** analysis is observed for different functions on internet *** performance metrics are taken into consideration,namely,the possibility of packet loss,throughput,mean queue length and mean queue *** sets of experiments are observed with varying simulation *** experiments are thoroughly analyzed and the best packet dropping operation with minimum packet loss is identified using the proposed model.

关键词： Random early detection(RED) active queue management(AQM) quality of service(QOS) throughput

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Velocity and Structural Modeling of Mesozoic Chiltan Limestone and Goru Formation for Hydrocarbon Evaluation in the Bitrisim Area, Lower Indus Basin, Pakistan

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2016年第1期90卷 258-275页

作者： Sarfraz KHAN Zahid latif Muhammad HANIF Irfan U. jan Shahid IQBAL National Centre of Excellence in Geology(NCEG) University of PeshawarPakistan Earth Sciences Department Quaid-e-Azam University(QAU)IslamabadPakistan

The present study focuses on building a workflow for structural interpretation and velocity modeling and implementing to Jurassic-Cretaceous succession （Chiltan Limestone and Massive sand of the Lower Goru Formation）. 2D-Migrated seismic sections of the area are used as data set and in order to confirm the presence of hydrocarbons in the study area, P and S-wave seismic velocities are estimated from single-component seismic data. Some specific issues in the use of seismic data for modeling and hydrocarbon evaluation need to deal with including distinguishing the reservoir and cap rocks, and the effects of faults, folds and presence of hydrocarbons on these rocks. This study has carried out the structural interpretation and modeling of the seismic data for the identification of traps. The results demonstrate existence of appropriate structural traps in the form of horst and grabens in the area. 2D and 3D velocity modeling of the horizons indicates the presence of high velocity zones in the eastern half of the study while relatively low velocity zones are encountered in the western half of the area. Two wells were drilled in the study area （i.e. Fateh-01 and Ichhri-01） and both are dry. Immature hydrocarbons migration is considered as a failure reason for Fateh-01 and Ichhri-01 well.

关键词： 2D and 3D Time-Depth models velocity modeling structural modeling Chiltan limestone Goru Formation

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Insect pollinator dependence of shea (Vitellaria paradoxa C.F. Gaertn.) in the Guinea Savanna zone of Ghana

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Ecological Processes 2019年第1期8卷 593-601页

作者： latif Iddrisu Nasare Peter KKwapong Dzigbodi Adzo Doke Department of Forestry and Forest Resources Management Faculty of Natural Resources and EnvironmentUniversity for Development StudiesP.O.Box TL 1882TamaleGhana Department of Conservation Biology and Entomology School of Biological SciencesCollege of Agriculture and Natural SciencesUniversity of Cape CoastCape CoastGhana Department of Eco-tourism and Environmental Management Faculty of Natural Resources and EnvironmentUniversity for Development StudiesP.O.Box TL 1882TamaleGhana.

Shea(Vitellaria paradoxa ***.)is a multipurpose tree species indigenous to the Sudano Sahelian zone of Africa and occurs as the most abundant economic tree species in northern *** edible oil(shea butter)extracted from shea kernel is ranked as the most economic product of the *** fruit set and yield of shea are known to be influenced by insect pollination,the actual contribution of insect pollinators to its reproductive success has rarely been *** study estimated the percentage insect pollinator dependence and monetary value of insect pollination per bag of shea kernel(85 kg)in the Guinea savanna *** pollination and insect exclusion treatments were applied to the flowers of 18 randomly selected matured shea trees and observed from the onset of flowering to fruit *** of total production value attributed to insect pollination approach was used in estimating the monetary value of pollination per bag of shea kernel with the average market price as *** study revealed an insect pollinator dependence of 77%and 73%for fruit set and dry kernel yield,*** number of fruit set per inflorescence varied significantly between insectexcluded and open-pollinated inflorescences(p<0.05).The monetary value of insect pollination was estimated at GH₵73.21(US$18.67)per bag of kernel as of August *** is a high insect pollinator–dependent species and the conservation of insect pollinators would be critical to the sustainability of yield.

关键词： Fruit set Inflorescence Insect pollinator dependence Pollination Shea

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