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Endocrine and Cytogenetic Profile of Variations in Genital Development: Series of 9 Cases at the Mali Hospital

Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2020年第5期10卷 77-87页

作者： Mohamed Lamine Mariko Djénéba Sylla Sow Djénébou traoré Claire Bouvattier Moctar Bah Djibril Youssouf traoré Mahamadou traore Assa traoré Sidibe Endocrinology-Diabetology Unit Department of Medicine Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Department of Medicine and Endocrinology-Diabetology Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Internal Medicine Point G University Hospital Bamako Mali Endocrinology of Reproduction Service University Hospital of Bicêtre Paris France Department of Cytogenetics and Reproductive Biology INRSP Bamako Mali

We carried out a retrospective and descriptive study in the Medicine and Endocrinology service of the Mali Hospital from January 2015 to December 2018. Nine cases of anomalies in sexual differentiation were referred for pubertal delay, growth retardation, gynecomastia, micropenis or infertility. Outcomes: The average age was 14 years;5 patients were declared female at birth;2 were married without children;7 patients came from the region of Kayes;8 patients consulted for pubertal delay;1 patient presented with association of a blind vagina and 2 bilateral inguinal gonads. 3 of 4 patients declared male at birth had a micropenis;2 patients had gynecomastia with a history of hypospadias. Ultrasound and biological data showed a clinical-hormonal picture of hypergonadotropic hypogonadism in 6 patients, 1 case of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with hypercorticism and 2 cases with normal gonadotropic axis;two cases of azoospermia. Karyotypic analysis showed: 3 cases of SK, 2 cases of Klinefelter Syndrome, 2 cases of Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome and 2 cases of male 46 XX syndrome including one with sry negative. Conclusion: The precise diagnosis of anomalies in sexual differentiation remains complicated in Mali, due to the inadequacy of the technical platform. Diagnosis must be made at an early stage to allow normal growth, puberty and satisfactory fertility. Taking charge of the medical treatment possibly associated with plastic surgery could give good results.

关键词： Variations in Genital Development Endocrine Profile Cytogenetics

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Fungal Flora on Weeds in the Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) Orchard in Côte d’Ivoire

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第4期14卷 448-463页

作者： traoré Aboulaye Soro Sibirina Ayemou A. R. Emmanuella traoré-Ouattara Karidia Kouabenan Abo Koné Daouda Laboratory for the Improvement of Agricultural Production UFR Agroforestry Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé Daloa C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratory of Phytopathology and Plant Biology Department of Training and Research in Agriculture and Animal Resources Institut National Polytechnique Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (INPHB) Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire African Centre of Excellence on Climate Change Biodiversity and Sustainable Agriculture (CEA-CCBAD) Université Félix Houphou&#235t-Boigny (UFHB) Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

Since 2015, Côte d’Ivoire has been the world’s largest cashew producer. However, cashew orchards in Côte d’Ivoire are infected by fungal diseases that weaken production. And the contribution of weeds to the spread of these diseases is not yet understood. This study was initiated with the aim of establishing the role of weeds in the proliferation of pathogenic fungi in orchards. It consisted of a survey of weeds showing disease symptoms in cashew orchards in Côte d’Ivoire from February 2021 to July 2022. The itinerant method was used for the weed inventory. Symptomatic leaves were collected and sent to the laboratory for diagnosis on PDA (Potatoes Dextrose Agar) medium. In total, 50 species in 46 genera and 23 families were recorded. Laboratory diagnosis of the samples showed that 80% of the weeds identified harboured pathogenic fungi. The highest infection rates were obtained on Danielia oliveri R. (99.33% to 100%), Vitellaria paradoxa G. (100%), Pterocarpus erinaceus P. (83.91% to 99.33%), Micuna pruriens L. (98.33% to 100%) and Isoberlinia doka C. et S. (56.33% to 100%). The diagnosis revealed the presence of Lasiodiplodia sp, Colletotrichum sp, Pestalotia sp, Alternaria sp and Curvularia sp on weeds in the cashew orchard in Côte d’Ivoire.

关键词： Weed Infection Rate Symptoms Cashew Côte d’Ivoire

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Impact of <i>Cowpea mottle virus</i>on the Growth and Yield of Bambara Groundnut (<i>Vigna subterranean</i>(L.) Verdc.)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第10期9卷 2053-2062页

作者： Elisabeth Zongo Bouma James Néya Valentin Stanislas Edgar traoré Essowé Palanga Jean Zabré Nicolas Barro Oumar traoré Laboratoire de Virologie et de Biotechnologie Végétale (LVBV)/Institut de l’Environnement et de Recherches Agricoles (INERA) & Laboratoire Mixte Internationale (LMI) Patho-Bios/INERA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Université Ouaga I Professeur Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire National de Biosécurité Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranean (L.) Verdc] is a food legume with high potential for food security in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, in addition to being a neglected crop, its production is limited by several constraints among which viral diseases are most cited. In order to contribute to the improvement of Bambara groundnut in Burkina Faso, local accessions of the crop were screened for resistance to Cowpea mottle virus (CPMoV), one of the most damaging viruses in grain legumes. Seven local accessions (C1 to C7) from two agro-ecological zones were evaluated by mechanical inoculation in field conditions in 2016 and 2017. The infected plants exhibited various symptoms of chlorosis, leaf deformation, growth retardation and plant stunting. CPMoV caused a significant reduction in the number of flowers and pods. As a result, grain yield was reduced by 49.5% to 83.9% depending on the accessions. The impact of the virus in yield loss was lowest in accessions C6 and C7 which indicated their possible used in the management of Cowpea mottle virus disease in bambara groundnut.

关键词： Bambara Groundnut Cowpea mottle virus Impact Yield Loss

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Congenital Lobar Emphysema in an Infant: A Case Report from the University Hospital of Mali

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第2期12卷 453-459页

作者： Bourama Kané Korotoumou Wéllé Diallo Aboubacar Sangaré Garan Dabo Mamadou traoré Mohamed Maba traoré Mariam Maiga Department of Pediatrics Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Department of Medicine Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Reference Health Center of Commune V Bamako Mali Medical Imaging Department Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Reference Health Center of Commune VI Bamako Mali

Congenital lobar emphysema is characterized by distress due to hyperinflation of the affected lung lobe(s). We report the case of a 2-month-old infant with congenital left lower lobe emphysema. A 2-month-old female infant, born at term without incident, was hospitalized for respiratory distress. On a postnatal day 15, respiratory distress occurred. On admission, he weighed 3400 g and was apyretic. He had a polypnea of 58 cycles/min and a oxygen saturation of hemoglobin of 90% on room air. A chest radiograph revealed hyperclarity of the left lung. Chest CT revealed left lower lobe emphysema. He underwent a left lower lobectomy. The postoperative course was uneventful. He was discharged from the hospital 7 days after surgery without sequelae. Physicians should be aware that congenital lobar emphysema can present with respiratory distress in infants. A chest CT scan confirms the diagnosis. Surgical treatment is effective.

关键词： Congenital Lobar Emphysema Infant Pediatrics Mali Hospital

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The Epidemiology of Influenza in Children Hospitalized at the Hospital of Sikasso, Mali 2015-2019

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第3期11卷 460-467页

作者： Assetou Cissouma Madou traoré Guédiouma Dembélé Seydou Diarra Adama Mamby Keita Abdoulaye Kissima-traoré Djibril Kassogué Soumaila Alama traoré Flagnouma Diallo Dade Ben Sidi Haidara Samba Sow Pediatric Department Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Department of Medicine and Infectious Disease Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Pediatric Department Mali Hospital Bamako Mali Centre for Vaccine Development-Mali (CVD-Mali) Bamako Mali Cardiology Department Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali Pediatric Department Timbuktu Hospital Timbuktu Mali Gynecology and Obstetrics Department of Sikasso Hospital Sikasso Mali

Introduction: Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease, highly contagious due to influenza viruses. The objective of this work was to identify, understand the epidemiology of circulating strains and estimate disease transmission. Patients and Methods: The study was carried out in the pediatric department of the Sikasso Hospital. This was a prospective, longitudinal descriptive study over a five-year period (January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019). She was interested in severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) for hospitalized patients in the pediatric department. Results: During the study period the prevalence of severe acute respiratory infections among hospitalized children was 21.85‰. The majority of cases were observed in 2019 with 58 cases, the sex ratio was 1.8. The age group from 0 to 1 was the most represented with 100 cases (48.30%) followed by 2 to 4 years 73 cases (35.24%) and 5 to 15 years 34 cases (16.46%). More than half of the patients lived in rural areas 129 (62.31%). Fever and cough were present in the majority of patients. No children had received influenza vaccination. In study 36 (17.39%) cases were positive for influenza A and B.

关键词： Sentinel Surveillance Seasonal Influenza Sikasso Hospital

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Natural Radioactivity Measurement and Dose Assessment in Soil Samples from Some Selected Areas of Mali

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World Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology 2019年第2期9卷 67-73页

作者： Issiaka traoré Abdramane Ba Abdel Mjid Nourreddine Département de Physique Université des Sciences des Techniques et Technologies de Bamako Bamako Mali Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC) Université de Strasbourg Strasbourg France

This is the first time that a study applies the gamma ray spectroscopy using a high purity germanium to evaluate the terrestrial gamma radiation level by detector in selected regions of Mali. The results reveal that the activity concentrations of naturally occurring 226Ra, 232Th and 40K radionuclides ranges between respectively 17.26 ±1.81 and 105.43 ±10.36;20.41 ±2.52 and 180.85 ±19.69;41.33 ±8.26 and 627.63 ±85.62 Bq⋅kg−1. The measures of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), absorbed dose rates (ADR), annual effective dose rate (AEDR), external hazard index (Hex), internal hazard index (Hin) and excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were evaluated. Some of the obtained values exceed the recommended safe levels. Further studies are necessary to constitute a baseline reference data about the terrestrial radiation in Mali.

关键词： Soil Radioactivity Radiological Hazard Population Exposure Gamma Spectrometry Mali

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Terrorism in the Sahel: the Case of Mali

Terrorism in the Sahel: the Case of Mali

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作者： Sanibé Emmanuel traoré 华中师范大学

学位级别：硕士

几十年来,由于恐怖主义让世界陷入了难以描绘的恐惧之中,因而给人类带来许多严重的问题。而不同学者对于恐怖主义概念的不同界定,使得恐怖主义至今尚未能有一个明确的定义。也正是因为定义众多,导致恐怖主义的概念一直是模棱两可,世界... 详细信息

几十年来,由于恐怖主义让世界陷入了难以描绘的恐惧之中,因而给人类带来许多严重的问题。而不同学者对于恐怖主义概念的不同界定,使得恐怖主义至今尚未能有一个明确的定义。也正是因为定义众多,导致恐怖主义的概念一直是模棱两可,世界各国之间都没有一个普遍公认的定义。恐怖主义概念的不明确也使我们不能很好的识别恐怖主义行动。不过一般而言,恐怖主义是出于政治或宗教的目的而进行或表现出来的恐怖行动。在西非的萨赫勒地区,恐怖主义现象主要体现为:招募儿童兵、抢盗、贩毒、贩运儿童、劫持人质以及轰炸等行为。正是由于国力衰弱,萨赫勒已经成为西非宗教狂热、伊斯兰激进主义,圣战萨拉菲主义和恐怖主义滋生的新土壤。这也是萨赫勒-撒哈拉地区,尤其是2012年3月22日发生军事政变后的马里北部地区不安定的主要原因之一,同时也是盛行多年的问题之一。总的说来,萨赫勒地区特别是马里的恐怖主义产生的原因有国际战略低效、萨赫勒地区国家治理不善、意识形态差异导致的承诺与合作的缺乏、非洲联盟机构的脆弱性以及地缘政治原因。针对该地区的目前状况,我们应当知道现在的情况与七年前所得出的萨赫勒不是恐怖主义活动地区的结论有所不同。现实如此清晰明朗:非洲已是世界上恐怖主义威胁不断扩大的地区之一。在马里,这种暴力主要体现在伊斯兰教法的运用、强奸妇女、鞭打、石刑以及所有非法交易。因此,萨赫勒地区的恐怖主义并不等同于“游击战”,即使它们也是有目标与方式的组织团体。游击战是一种近似正规战争原则的军事战略,而恐怖分子仍然是以维护其秘密小团体为特征。为了打击恐怖主义,萨赫勒的伙伴国采取了一些措施,例如,为世纪挑战账户集团(MCA)、泛萨赫勒倡议(PSI)、跨撒哈拉反恐伙伴关系(TSCTP)筹资。非洲国家制定了特定的法律及相关机制,包括马里在内的萨赫勒地区各国都在多重战略中将恐怖主义列为本世纪的一种病症。尽管针对恐怖主义采取了这些行动,但萨赫勒地区的恐怖主义仍然在日益增长与猖獗,恐怖主义集团占领马里国家表明必须要修正萨赫勒地区反恐战略。同时必须要知道,国际战略是非常有限的,而且绩效较差。这就是为什么要建议萨赫勒地区各国必须重新考虑其安全制度尤其是反恐战略的原因,因为恐怖主义是国家衰弱产生的后果之一。圣战者只会在国家羸弱的情况下才会变得更加强大,目前的国际战略就没有考虑到非洲的所有现实情况,因此必须要考虑地缘政治和地缘战略因素进而制定自己的反恐战略。马里需要一个能够维护整个国家的强大的军事力量,国家必须要照顾到恐怖主义的受害者以及人道主义组织的负责人,同时银行应该得到良好的监控,以防止恐怖主义团伙通过银行为其活动融资。中国在安全建设方面是我们学习的榜样,我们的政府官员应该从中国汲取成功经验。我们认为,反恐的最好办法之一是培养学生的民族认同感及爱国情怀。

关键词：恐怖主义萨赫勒西非反恐策略管理不善

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Evaluation of Insertion with the New Inserter of the Intra-Uterine Device of the Postpartum at the Referral Health Center of Commune II of Bamako, Mali

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第1期10卷 41-48页

作者： Seydou Z. Dao Mamoudou Sissoko Bakary Abou traoré Sakoba Konaté Kassoum Sidibé Mamadou Sima Ahmadou Coulibaly Mamadou S. traoré Youssouf traoré Amadou Ingré Dolo Referral Health Center of Commune II Bamako Mali Point G Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali Gabriel Toure Teaching Hospital Bamako Mali

Background: In Mali, contraceptive prevalence is low, while the unmet need for family planning is very high. Postpartum contraception can help to significantly reduce these unsatisfied needs. The introduction of the intrauterine device (IUD) in the postpartum quickly encountered problems with the type of forceps used to make the insertions (Kelly or Heart forceps), and also their availability at the various health centers. Thus, in 2016, the Population Services International Mali (PSI-Mali) introduced the insertion of the IUD in the postpartum with the new inserter in order to counter this forceps problem and to contribute to guaranteeing the quality of postpartum IUD insertions. Objectives: They were to determine the frequency, the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics and to report the side effects and the complications. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from September 1st 2016 to August 31st, 2018. All deliveries that met the eligibility criteria, having chosen and benefited the postpartum intra-uterine device with the new inserter were included. Results: During the 2 years, we recorded 73 cases of insertion of the postpartum intra-uterine device with the new inserter over 7797 clients meeting of the world health organization’s criteria of medical admissibility for the use of an intra-uterine device with a frequency of 0.93%. They were married in 97% of cases, large multiparous in 48% of cases, aged between 30 and 39 years in 62% of cases. We didn’t notice any complications in 96% of cases. Expulsion with 4% was the only complication. The clients didn’t have any side effects in 98% of cases. Conclusion: The insertion of a postpartum intra-uterine device with the new inserter has supplanted the insertion techniques using forceps in our center because of its ease and speed. Its use is worth being popularized to help reduce the unmet need for family planning.

关键词： Family Planning Intra-Uterine Device New Inserter Postpartum

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Artificial Induction of Labor with Misoprostol: Maternal and Fetal Prognosis at the Referral Health Center of Commune I of the District of Bamako

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2021年第2期11卷 70-79页

作者： Mamadou Bakary Coulibaly Alassane traoré Mody Abdoulaye Camara Mamadou Sima Bourama Kané Kalba Tembiné Ibrahima Tégueté Youssouf traoré Department of Gynecology of Hô pital du Mali Bamako Mali Service of Anesthesia and Resuscitation of Hô pital du Mali Bamako Mali Service of Gynecology-Obstetrics CHU Point G Bamako Mali Service of Pediatric of Hô pital du Mali Bamako Mali Service of Medical Imaging of Hô pital du Mali Bamako Mali Service of Gynecology-Obstetrics CHU Gabriel Toure Bamako Mali

Artificial induction of labor (AIL) is the set of techniques intended to induce childbirth in order to reduce maternal-fetal mortality. The aim of this paper was to study the maternal and fetal prognosis after the artificial induction of labor with misoprostol. It was a descriptive prospective study conducted from September 1, 2018 to February 28, 2019 at the maternity unit of the Referral Health Center (RHC) in commune I of Bamako. It was about any pregnant woman at term who had received misoprostol as part of the artificial induction of labor. 102 cases of artificial induction with misoprostol 200 μg were collected out of 3641 deliveries, or a frequency of 2.8%. The age group 28 - 32 years accounted for 56.86% with an average age of 28.8 years. Multiparous represented 54.90% of the number. The history of diabetes and hypertension involved 37.25% of the pregnant women. The main indication was premature rupture of membranes (PRM) (40.2%). Induction was performed between the 37th and 41st week of amenorrhea (69.6%). The trigger index according to BISHOP was greater than 7 (50.98%). Induction was done only with 3/4 of misoprostol tablet 200 μg (43.14%). The average labor time was 7 hours (89.22%). The vaginal birth concerned 92.16% of pregnant women. An APGAR10 was noted in 97.85% of newborns after 05 minutes. AIL with misoprostol was practiced at the Center. The main indication was the premature rupture of the membranes. It improves the maternal and fetal prognosis.

关键词： Induction Misoprostol Maternal and Fetal Prognosis Commune I

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Epidemiology, the Main Reasons and Maternal-Fetal Complications of Unassisted Childbirth in the Health District of V Bamako Commune, Mali

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020年第10期10卷 1381-1395页

作者： Soumana Oumar traoré Cheickna Sylla Saleck Doumbia Alou Samaké Amadou Bocoum Seydou Fané Rokiatou Torian Sangaré Fatoumata Keita Ibrahima Tegueté Youssouf traoré Niani Mounkoro Mamadou traoré Amadou Ingré Dolo Obstetric Gynecology Department The Reference Health Centre of Commune V Bamako Mali Obstetric Gynecology Department The Koutiala Reference Health Centre Koutiala Mali Obstetric Gynecology Department The Commune VI Reference Health Centre Bamako Mali Obstetric Gynecology Department The Gabriel Touré University Hospital Centre Bamako Mali

Objective: To describe the epidemiological aspects, to determine the reasons leading women to give birth outside of health facilities and to determine the maternal prognosis. Patients and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytical, quantitative and qualitative descriptive study over a period from 1 June to 31 December 2016 (7 months) on unassisted childbirth in the health district of commune V of Bamako. Results: We recorded 70 unsured deliveries, a frequency of 1.04% out of a total of 6719 deliveries. The extreme ages were 15 years and 41 years with an average age of 28 years. 90% of the birth attendants were married and 10% were single. The women's profession: 48% were housewives, 11% saleswomen, 13% hairdressers, 4% female teachers. Education level: 71% were uneducated and 29% educated. Among those who are educated, their level was primary in 50%, secondary in 32% and higher in 18%. 42% had done antenatal consultation. The main reasons: ignorance of work 44.3%;religious beliefs and societal burdens 10.0%;fear of caesarean section 4.3%;late-night birth labour 5.7%;lack of financial and/or transport means 17.1%; distance from the locality 2.9%;insecurity 2.9%. Maternal and perinatal prognosis: complications were mostly hemorrhagic and concerned 27 (39%) patients. These included uterine atony (13 cases), placental retention (8 cases), soft pa

关键词： Childbirth Unsured Reasons

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