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Evolutionary diversity as a catalyst for biological discovery

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Integrative Zoology 2018年第6期13卷 616-633页

作者： Zachary V.johnson larry J.YOUNG School of Biological Sciences Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGeorgiaUSA Center for Translational Social Neuroscience Silvio O.Conte Center for Oxytocin and Social CognitionDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesYerkes National Primate Research CenterEmory UniversityAtlantaGeorgiaUSA

The tremendous diversity of animal behaviors has inspired generations of scientists from an array of biological *** complement investigations of ecological and evolutionary factors contributing to behavioral evolution,modern sequencing,gene editing,computational and neuroscience tools now provide a means to discover the proximate mechanisms upon which natural selection acts to generate behavioral *** behaviors are motivated behaviors that can differ tremendously between closely related species,suggesting phylogenetic plasticity in their underlying biological *** addition,convergent evolution has repeatedly given rise to similar forms of social behavior and mating systems in distantly related *** behavioral divergence and convergence provides an entry point for understanding the neurogenetic mechanisms contributing to behavioral *** argue that the greatest strides in discovering mechanisms contributing to social behavioral diversity will be achieved through integration of interdisciplinary comparative approaches with modern tools in diverse species *** review recent advances and future potential for discovering mechanisms underlying social behavioral variation;highlighting patterns of social behavioral evolution,oxytocin and vasopressin neuropeptide systems,genetic/transcriptional“toolkits,”modern experimental tools,and alternative species systems,with particular emphasis on Microtine rodents and Lake Malawi cichlid fishes.

关键词： cichlids oxytocin and vasopressin social behavior toolkits voles

Behavioral and cognitive neuroscience = 行为和认知神经科学 edited by larry Squire ... [et al.].

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Fundamental neuroscience 3rd ed

丛书名：科爱传播. 生命科学

2009年

作者： edited by larry Squire ... [et al.].

全书共分7个部分，覆盖神经科学领域的各个方面。

ISBN: (纸本)9787030241559

全书共分7个部分，覆盖神经科学领域的各个方面。

关键词： Neuropsychology.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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CATARC Hosts PSAT-GREet Workshop in Beijing

2009年

作者： edited by larry Squire ...[et al.]

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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中国汽车（英文版） 2006年第11期 11-12页

作者： larry johnson

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基拉韦厄火山南翼的突发无震断层滑动

世界地震译丛 2002年第6期33卷 72-77页

作者： P.Cervelli P.Segall k.johnson M.Lisowski A.Miklius 李娟中国地震局分析预报中心

与海底火山相关的最大灾害之一不在于火山本身,而在于潜在的火山侧翼的塌陷(McGuire,1996;Moore,et al,1989)。这种侧翼塌陷可以酿成毁灭性的海啸,不仅会波及邻近地区,而且对整个大洋盆地沿岸城市都会造成巨大威胁(Ward,2001)。位于美... 详细信息

与海底火山相关的最大灾害之一不在于火山本身,而在于潜在的火山侧翼的塌陷(McGuire,1996;Moore,et al,1989)。这种侧翼塌陷可以酿成毁灭性的海啸,不仅会波及邻近地区,而且对整个大洋盆地沿岸城市都会造成巨大威胁(Ward,2001)。位于美国夏威夷岛的基拉韦厄火山是一座具有潜在侧翼塌陷危险的火山(Ward,2001;Lipman,et al,1988),因此该火山一直被大地测量台网密切监测,该台网包括全球定位系统(GPS)的接收仪、倾斜仪和应变仪。我们发现,2000年11月上旬,该台网记录到短瞬的东南向位移,我们将其解释为发生了一次无震断层滑动。这一滑动持续了约36 h,等同于一次矩震级为5.7的地震,并且最大滑动速度为6 cm/d。对 GPS 数据的反演表明,4.5 km 深处存在一个小倾角逆冲断层,我们将它解释为希利纳巴利-霍莱伊巴利正断层系的下倾部分。这表明连续记录的大地测量台网可以监测到加速滑动,也许可以对火山侧翼塌陷作出预警。

关键词：海底火山海啸塌陷大地测量台网突发无震断层滑动

Increased Mortality Risk in Children with Fetal alcohol Spectrum Disorders: A Scoping Review

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2024年第4期14卷 754-766页

作者： Devin Evavold Tyler Mueller Erika johnson Marilyn G. klug larry Burd School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of North Dakota Grand Forks USA

Objective: Fetal alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs) are common, often undiagnosed, lifelong developmental disorders that result from prenatal alcohol exposure. FASD is present at birth and typically identified around seven years of age. The most severe outcome in cases of FASD is mortality. The purpose of this scoping review is to 1) use a systematic review to provide an estimated mortality proportion for children with FASD, and 2) update a study published in 2014 by reviewing published reports of mortality in individuals diagnosed with FASD. Method: A search of PubMed, CINAHL, and Google Scholar for reports published between 2013 and 2023 on mortality in individuals with FASD. Results: Three population-based studies have reported on all-cause mortality rates, finding a combined mortality rate of 10.9%, a 2.63 fold (95% CI: 2.61 to 2.65) increase in mortality risk over the general population. Since 2016, this review identified only eight new cases meeting the study inclusion criteria. The reported causes of death were five cases of pneumonia, and one case each of failure to thrive and dehydration, intestinal dilatation and asphyxiation caused by overeating due to pica, and acute gastric volvulus. Discussion: While current research suggests a diagnosis of FASD is associated with a 2.6-fold increase in mortality risk, this is likely an underestimation, as most cases of FASD-related mortality go unreported. Globally, about 1 new case is reported every 15 months. However, in the United States alone, between 1752 to 4400 FASD related deaths occur annually. Our review suggests that FASD is rarely identified as a causal or contributing factor in deaths of children and adolescents, resulting in a substantial undercount of FASD-related deaths. Increased attention to the role of FASD in infant and child mortality case reviews, child death review committee reports, and mortality reviews is needed.

关键词： Fetal alcohol Spectrum Disorders Mortality Birth Defects Death Exposure Pneumonia

Children’s physical activity and health—Chronic disease in children and young adults

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2013年第1期2卷 1-2页

作者： J.larry Durstine Neil Armstrong Sulin Cheng Department of Exercise Science The University of South CarolinaColumbiaSC 29208USA Children's Health and Exercise Research Centre University of ExeterExeter EX4 4QJUK Department of Health Sciences University of JyvskyFIN-40014 JyvskylFinland

The previous Special Issue was devoted to physical activity (PA),physical fitness,diet,and health in young *** content of this second Special Issue will focus on PA and chronic disease in children and young adults. The first paper written by Durstine et *** the problem of chronic diseases becoming a public health concern worldwide with estimates of trillions of dollais in annual health care costs and causing more than 36 million deaths a year.

关键词：慢性疾病年轻人儿童健康身体 PA

Experimental and Modeling Study of Forest Fire Effect on Soil Thermal Conductivity

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Pedosphere 2016年第4期26卷 462-473页

作者： kathleen M.SMITS Elizabeth kIRBY William J.MASSMAN larry Scott BAGGetT Center for the Experimental Study of Subsurface Environmental Processes Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringColorado School of Mines USDA Forest Service Rocky Mountain Research Station

An understanding of soil thermal conductivity after a wildfire or controlled burn is important to land management and post-fire recovery efforts. although soil thermal conductivity has been well studied for non-fire heated soils, comprehensive data that evaluate the long-term effect of extreme heating from a fire on the soil thermal conductivity are limited. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term impact of fire on the effective thermal conductivity of soils by directly comparing fire-heated and no-fire control soils through a series of laboratory studies. The thermal conductivity was measured for ten soil samples from two sites within the Manitou Experimental Forest, Colorado, USA, for a range of water contents from saturation to the residual degree of saturation. The thermal conductivity measured was compared with independent estimates made using three empirical models from literature, including the Campbell et al. （1994）, CSt~ and konrad （2005）, and Massman et al. （2008） models. Results demonstrate that for the test soils studied, the thermal conductivity of the fire-heated soils was slightly lower than that of the control soils for all observed water contents. Modeling results show that the Campbell et al. （1994） model gave the best agreement over the full range of water contents when proper fitting parameters were employed. Further studies are needed to evaluate the significance of including the influence of fire burn on the thermal properties of soils in modeling studies.

关键词： controlled burn degree of saturation empirical model water content wildfire

反对核恐怖主义条约全球法律框架能够产生重要影响

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国际原子能机构通报 2002年第1期44卷 4-6页

作者： larry D.johnson IAEA加州大学达维法学院

具体处理核恐怖主义问题的国际条约有两项——一项正在起草,另一项已经生效。两项条约都可能要求在全世界范围内采取具体措施来保护和保卫核设施免受恐怖分子攻击和破坏。但是没有一个这样做。2001年"9·11"恐怖分子袭击事件发生以前,... 详细信息

具体处理核恐怖主义问题的国际条约有两项——一项正在起草,另一项已经生效。两项条约都可能要求在全世界范围内采取具体措施来保护和保卫核设施免受恐怖分子攻击和破坏。但是没有一个这样做。2001年"9·11"恐怖分子袭击事件发生以前,将这类要求纳入条约中的努力从未奏效。在得到教训以后。

关键词：袭击事件核材料实物保护核设施放射性材料无辜平民易裂变材料乏燃料池公共政策问题法律顾问预防措施