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Temporal variability and sources of PFAS in the Rio Grande,New Mexico through an arid urban area using multiple tracers and highfrequency sampling

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Emerging Contaminants 2024年第3期10卷 205-220页

作者： Kimberly R.beisner Rebecca E.Travis David A.Alvarez larry b.barber Jacob A.Fleck Jeramy R.Jasmann U.S.Geological Survey 6700 Edith Blvd NEAlbuquerqueNM87113USA U.S.Geological Survey 4200 New Haven RoadColumbiaMO65201USA U.S.Geological Survey 3215 Marine St.BoulderCO80303USA U.S.Geological Survey 6000 J St.Placer Hall.SacramentoCA95819USA

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFAS)are ubiquitous in the environment but sources are not well defined for temporal and spatial aspects within an urban environment,and especially for an arid urban environment subject to seasonal short term high-intensity precipitation events.A focused diel sampling was conducted in the summer of 2021 to assess the temporal and spatial variability of PFAS in the Rio Grande near Albuquerque,New Mexico and showed an order of magnitude increase of PFAS as it flows through the Albuquerque urban *** samples were collected at two different locations on the Rio Grande in addition to wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)effluent that discharges directly to the Rio Grande between the sampling ***-term high-intensity precipitation events occurred during the study period and mobilized PFAS from urban *** organic matter composed of tryptophan-like organic substances and refined fuel and fuel byproducts,characteristic of an urban signature,were also related to the precipitation *** PFAS in discharge from the WWTP was consistent over a 24-h period with slight differences in some *** presence on the Rio Grande downstream of the WWTP was evidenced by a gadolinium anomaly as well as increases in several other trace elements,total dissolved nitrogen,and fluorescence indicators,in addition to *** varied depending on source contribution,where urban runoff was associated with PFOA,PFOS,and PFbA,whereas PFHxA and PFPeA were associated with wastewater *** addition,passive polar organic chemical integrative samplers(POCIS)using hydrophilic-lipid balance(HLb)sorption media were deployed for a month at two locations on the Rio Grande to assess longer term PFAS *** POCIS results show some compounds(PFPeA and PFHpA)were greater than the average concentration from discrete samples,whereas other compounds(PFHxA,PFOA,PFDA,and PFNA)were lower in the POCIS,and PFOS was very simila

关键词： wastewater Rio runoff

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅰ:framing family medicine–history,values and perspectives

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 2-11页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Kathleen T Rowland Richard H Streiffer Michael D Macechko Julia A Roulier Jeffrey M borkan larry A Green Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA Family and Preventive Medicine Rush Medical College of Rush UniversityChicagoIllinoisUSA College of Community Health Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosaAlabamaUSA UAMS Northwest Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program FayettevilleArkansasUSA UAMS North Central Regional Campus Family Medicine Residency Program BatesvilleArkansasUSA Family Medicine Brown University Warren Alpert Medical SchoolProvidenceRhode IslandUSA University of Colorado School of Medicine AuroraColoradoUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅰ:framing family medicine—history,values,and perspectives’,the authors address the following themes:‘Notes on Storylines of Family Medicine’,‘Family medicine—the generalist specialty’,‘Family medicine’s achievements—a glass half full assessment’,‘Family medicine’s next 50 years—toward filling our glasses’,‘Four enduring truths of family medicine’,‘Names matter’,‘Family medicine at its core’and‘The ecology of medical care.’May readers find much food for thought in these essays.

关键词： glasses illustration Notes

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Storylines of family medicine Ⅵ:ways of being—in the office with patients

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2024年第S3期12卷 52-60页

作者： William b Ventres Leslie A Stone Lisa A LaVallee David Loxterkamp Jonisha R brown Dael M Waxman Peter S Dorward Jeanne Cawse-Lucas larry b Mauksch Autumn M Kieber-Emmons benjamin F Crabtree William L Miller Veronica M brohm Timothy P Daaleman Kelly bossenbroek Fedoriw Family and Preventive Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences College of MedicineLittle RockArkansasUSA MAHEC Family Medicine Residency Mountain Area Health Education CenterAshevilleNorth CarolinaUSA bucksport Regional Health Center BucksportMaineUSA Family Medicine Atrium HealthCharlotteNorth CarolinaUSA Southfield Medical Practice EdinburghUK Family Medicine University of Washington School of MedicineSeattleWashingtonUSA Family Medicine Lehigh Valley Health NetworkAllentownPennsylvaniaUSA Morsani College of Medicine University of South FloridaTampaFloridaUSA Family Medicine and Community Health Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolPiscatawayNew JerseyUSA Cancer Institute of New Jersey New BrunswickNew JerseyUSA Family Medicine UNC School of MedicineChapel HillNorth CarolinaUSA

Storylines of Family Medicine is a 12-part series of thematically linked mini-essays with accompanying illustrations that explore the many dimensions of family medicine,as interpreted by individual family physicians and medical educators in the USA and elsewhere around the ***‘Ⅵ:ways of being—in the office with patients’,authors address the following themes:‘Patient-centred care—cultivating deep listening skills’,‘Doctor as witness’,‘Words matter’,‘Understanding others—metaphor and its use in medicine’,‘Communicating with patients—making good use of time’,‘The patient-centred medical home—aspirations for the future’,‘Routine,ceremony or drama?’and‘The life course’.May readers better appreciate the nuances of patient care through these essays.

关键词： centre illustration dimensions

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Analysis of direct operating cost of wide-body passenger aircraft: A parametric study based on Hong Kong

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2019年第5期32卷 1222-1243页

作者： Minwoo LEE larry K.b.LI Wenbin SONG Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology School of Aeronautics and Astronautics Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Analysis of the Direct Operating Cost(DOC) of aircraft is an important step towards achieving financially sustainable aviation operations. However, the value of the DOC for different aircraft types and flight scenarios is not widely available. In this study, we perform a systematic analysis of the DOC of every wide-body passenger aircraft currently in production, using the method of the Association of European Airlines(AEA). The elements of the DOC, e.g. financial costs, maintenance costs, and flight costs, are evaluated individually. Several realistic flight scenarios are considered, each with differences in route distance, fuel price, passenger number, and seating arrangement. For each flight scenario, the most cost-efficient aircraft type is identified and evaluated in the context of operations from Hong Kong International Airport. The information provided in this study could be useful to airline operators and policy makers.

关键词： Association of European Airlines(AEA) method Aviation economics Cost efficiency Direct Operating Cost Wide-body aircraft

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Contribution of biodiversity to ecosystem functioning:a non-equilibrium thermodynamic perspective

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Journal of Arid Land 2011年第1期3卷 71-74页

作者： Amit CHAKRAbORTY b larry LI Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of California XIEG-UCR International Center for Arid Land Ecology University of California

Ecosystem stays far from thermodynamic equilibrium. Through the interactions among biotic and abiotic components, and encompassing physical environments, ecosystem forms a dissipative struc- ture that allows it to dissipate energy continuously and thereby remains functional over time. biotic regulation of energy and material fluxes in and out of the ecosystem allows it to maintain a homeostatic state which corresponds to a self-organized state emerged in a non-equilibrium thermodynamic system. While the associated self-organizational processes approach to homeostatic state, entropy （a measure of irre- versibility） degrades and dissipation of energy increases. We propose here that at a homeostatic state of ecosystem, biodiversity which includes both phenotypic and functional diversity, attains optimal values. As long as biodiversity remains within its optimal range, the corresponding homeostatic state is maintained. However, while embedded environmental conditions fluctuate along the gradient of accelerating changes, phenotypic diversity and functional diversity contribute inversely to the associated self-organizing proc- esses. Furthermore, an increase or decrease in biodiversity outside of its optimal range makes the eco- system vulnerable to transition into a different state.

关键词： ecosystem self-organization non-equilibrium thermodynamics functional diversity phenotypic diversity

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Spatial organization of multiple plant species in arid ecosystems:linking patterns and processes

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第1期2卷 9-13页

作者： Amit CHAKRAbORTY b.larry LI Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory Department of Botany and Plant SciencesUniversity of California Center for Conservation biology University of California XIEG-UCR International Center for Arid Land Ecology University of California

Spatial organization of multiple plant species that appears as a non-random distribution of vegetative patches is one of the mostly observed spatial patterns in arid ecosystems. Yet understanding of ecological processes allowing this spatial pattern to emerge through interspecific interactions is still lacking. With a proposed conceptual model involving interspecific trade-offs between species competitive ability and colonization ability, we have argued that within patch abundance dynamics regulated by the mechanisms of competition are strongly influenced by the between patches colonization dynamics that are maintained via this trade-offs and it holds a positive, intraspecific occupancy-abundance relationship, in which increased patch occupancy increases species density within inhabiting patches. In a constant environment, while local abundance dynamics approach toward a stable equilibrium point, a fixed spatial arrangement of species can be retained through this coupled dynamics. However, in fluctuating environments where existence of such stable equilibriums is highly uncertain, it may involve continuous transitions from one community state to another as species re-organized themselves over space through the rapid changes in local species abundances. While some of the inhabiting patches are destroyed exogenously or endogenously, or species responses to increasing environmental fluctuations vary increasingly with time, discontinuous transitions into an abrupt, irreversible state of the community dynamics may occur, as with this effect the inherent positive relationship between occupancy and abundance of species is no longer maintained.

关键词： spatial organization competition-colonization tradeoffs spatial coexistence occupancy-abundance relationship

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生态模型在河口管理中的应用研究综述

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水科学进展 2015年第5期26卷 739-751页

作者：申霞 b.larry LI 南京水利科学研究院水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室江苏南京210029 Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory University of California at Riverside

河口作为河流和海洋的交汇地,具有生态交错带特性,其在自然和人类活动双重压力下发生着演变。生态模型是研究生态系统结构、功能及其时空演变规律以及生物过程对于生态系统的影响及其反馈机制的重要手段。采用不同方法对生态模型进行分... 详细信息

河口作为河流和海洋的交汇地,具有生态交错带特性,其在自然和人类活动双重压力下发生着演变。生态模型是研究生态系统结构、功能及其时空演变规律以及生物过程对于生态系统的影响及其反馈机制的重要手段。采用不同方法对生态模型进行分类,综述各类生态模型的特性、优缺点及应用领域。讨论建模过程中模型变量与函数、模型整合及时空尺度、模型参数取值及不确定等关键技术问题。分析各类生态模型在河口生态工程设计、生态系统修复、生态系统评价、系统决策支持等管理领域的应用。尽管中国河口生态模型构建及应用已有一些成果,但与国外相比,在理论生态学及数据积累方面仍有一定差距。

关键词：河口生态系统生态模型分类时空尺度人类活动海岸带综合管理

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美国煤矿废弃地的生态修复

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生态学报 2011年第1期31卷 276-285页

作者：张成梁 b.larry Li 轻工业环境保护研究所北京100089 山西省林业科学研究院太原030012 University of California RiversideCA 92521-0124U.S.A.

在对美国煤矿废弃地生态修复项目实地考察的基础上,结合相关文献资料,介绍了其煤矿废弃地生态修复的管理体系、资金来源及使用\技术路线及保障措施。结合实例介绍了美国煤矿废弃地生态修复的工程措施,并重点介绍了"师法自然生态修复法"... 详细信息

在对美国煤矿废弃地生态修复项目实地考察的基础上,结合相关文献资料,介绍了其煤矿废弃地生态修复的管理体系、资金来源及使用\技术路线及保障措施。结合实例介绍了美国煤矿废弃地生态修复的工程措施,并重点介绍了"师法自然生态修复法"的新理念及其指导下的生态修复设计和生态修复工程建设。"师法自然生态修复法"是基于地形、地貌、水文、气象、气候等条件,模拟自然的生态修复过程。"师法自然生态修复法"将会对我国的生态修复产生积极而深远的影响。

关键词： “师法自然生态修复法” 废弃地煤矸石

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Cascade effects of crop species richness on the diversity of pest insects and their natural enemies

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2014年第7期57卷 718-725页

作者： SHI PeiJian HUI Cang MEN XingYuan ZHAO ZiHua OUYANG Fang GE Feng JIN XianShi CAO HaiFeng LI b.larry State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents in Agriculture Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries Ministry of AgricultureYellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences Centre for Invasion biology Department of Botany and ZoologyStellenbosch University Institute of Plant Protection Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Ecological Complexity and Modeling Laboratory University of California

Understanding how plant species richness influences the diversity of herbivorous and predatory/parasitic arthropods is central to community *** explore the effects of crop species richness on the diversity of pest insects and their natural *** data from a four-year experiment with five levels of crop species richness,we found that crop species richness significantly affected the pest species richness,but there were no significant effects on richness of the pests’natural *** contrast,the species richness of pest insects significantly affected their natural *** findings suggest a cascade effect where trophic interactions are strong between adjacent trophic levels,while the interactions between connected but nonadjacent trophic levels are weakened by the intermediate trophic *** crop species richness resulted in a more stable arthropod community compared with communities in monoculture *** results highlight the complicated cross-trophic interactions and the crucial role of crop diversity in the food webs of agro-ecosystems.

关键词： trophic level stability generalized additive model monoculture polyculture

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RhizoVision Crown:An Integrated Hardware and Software Platform for Root Crown Phenotyping

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Plant Phenomics 2020年第1期2卷 25-39页

作者： Anand Seethepalli Haichao Guo Xiuwei Liu Marcus Griffiths Hussien Almtarfi Zenglu Li Shuyu Liu Alina Zare Felix b.Fritschi Elison b.blancaflor Xue-Feng Ma larry M.York Noble Research Institute LLC2510 Sam Noble ParkwayArdmoreOK 73401USA Division of Plant Sciences University of MissouriColumbiaMO 65201USA Crop and Soil Sciences University of GeorgiaAthensGA 30602USA Texas A&M AgriLife Research Texas A&M University SystemAmarilloTX 79106USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of FloridaGainesvilleFL 32601USA

Root crown phenotyping measures the top portion of crop root systems and can be used for marker-assisted breeding,genetic mapping,and understanding how roots influence soil resource *** imaging protocols and image analysis programs exist,but they are not optimized for high-throughput,repeatable,and robust root crown *** RhizoVision Crown platform integrates an imaging unit,image capture software,and image analysis software that are optimized for reliable extraction of measurements from large numbers of root *** hardware platform utilizes a backlight and a monochrome machine vision camera to capture root crown *** RhizoVision Imager and RhizoVision Analyzer are free,open-source software that streamline image capture and image analysis with intuitive graphical user *** RhizoVision Analyzer was physically validated using copper wire,and features were extensively validated using 10,464 groundtruth simulated images of dicot and monocot root *** platform was then used to phenotype soybean and wheat root crowns.A total of 2,799 soybean(Glycine max)root crowns of 187 lines and 1,753 wheat(Triticum aestivum)root crowns of 186 lines were *** component analysis indicated similar correlations among features in both *** maximum heritability was 0.74 in soybean and 0.22 in wheat,indicating that differences in species and populations need to be *** integrated RhizoVision Crown platform facilitates high-throughput phenotyping of crop root crowns and sets a standard by which open plant phenotyping platforms can be benchmarked.

关键词： crown utilize intuitive

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