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Yin and Yang of mesenchymal stem cells and aplastic anemia

World Journal of Stem Cells 2017年第12期9卷 219-226页

作者： larisa broglie David Margolis Jeffrey A Medin Department of Pediatrics Medical College of Wisconsin Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry Medical College of Wisconsin

Acquired aplastic anemia(AA) is a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by peripheral cytopenias and bone marrow hypoplasia. It is ultimately fatal without treatment, most commonly from infection or hemorrhage. Current treatments focus on suppressing immune-mediated destruction of bone marrow stem cells or replacing hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs) by transplantation. Our incomplete understanding of the pathogenesis of AA has limited development of targeted treatment options. Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs) play a vital role in HSC proliferation; they also modulate immune responses and maintain an environment supportive of hematopoiesis. Some of the observed clinical manifestations of AA can be explained by mesenchymal dysfunction. MSC infusions have been shown to be safe and may offer new approaches for the treatment of this disorder. Indeed, infusions of MSCs may help suppress auto-reactive, T-cell mediated HSC destruction and help restore an environment that supports hematopoiesis. Small pilot studies using MSCs as monotherapy or as adjuncts to HSC transplantation have been attempted as treatments for AA. Here we review the current understanding of the pathogenesis of AA and the function of MSCs, and suggest that MSCs should be a target for further research and clinical trials in this disorder.

关键词： Hematopoiesis Targeted therapies Stem cells Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Aplastic anemia Mesenchymal stem cells

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抗病转基因植物的产生

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生物技术通报 1994年第3期10卷 6-7页

作者： Richard broglie Karen broglie 孙雷心

引言产生抗真菌和细菌病原体侵袭的转基因植物落后于建立抗病毒和虫害的植物变异体。产生这种结果的原因部分是由于多数微生物和寄主间的相互作用具有复杂性和多样性,以及我们对植物抗病性的分子基础缺乏了解。然而,该领域内的最新进... 详细信息

引言产生抗真菌和细菌病原体侵袭的转基因植物落后于建立抗病毒和虫害的植物变异体。产生这种结果的原因部分是由于多数微生物和寄主间的相互作用具有复杂性和多样性,以及我们对植物抗病性的分子基础缺乏了解。然而,该领域内的最新进展提高了人们对植物-病原体相互作用的分子生物学和与抗病性有关基因的了解程度。本篇综述将就这些方面加以概述并提供利用这些信息产生抗病转基因植物的实例。

关键词：转基因植物植物抗性细菌病原体几丁质酶转基因烟草寄主植物抗病毒变异体组成性表达

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Endoscopic dilation of complete oesophageal obstructionswith a combined antegrade-retrograde rendezvoustechnique

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第7期22卷 2366-2372页

作者： Reto Bertolini Christa Meyenberger Paul Martin Putora Franziska Albrecht Martina Anja broglie Sandro J Stoeckli Michael Christian Sulz Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Kantonsspital St.Gallen9007 St.GallenSwitzerland Department of Radiation Oncology Kantonsspital St.Gallen9007 St.GallenSwitzerland Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck SurgeryKantonsspital St.Gallen9007 St.GallenSwitzerland

AIM: To investigate the combined antegraderetrograde endoscopic rendezvous technique for complete oesophageal obstruction and the swallowing ***: This single-centre case series includes consecutive patients who were unable to swallow due to complete oesophageal obstruction and underwent combined antegrade-retrograde endoscopic dilation(CARD) within the last 10 years. The patients' demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, endoscopic therapy, adverse events, and outcomes were obtained retrospectively. Technical success was defined as effective restoration of oesophageal patency. Swallowing success was defined as either percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG)-tube independency and/or relevant improvement of oral food intake, as assessed by the functional oral intake scale(FOIS)(≥ level 3).RESULTS: The cohort consisted of six patients [five males; mean age 71 years(range, 54-74)]. All but one patient had undergone radiotherapy for head and neck or oesophageal cancer. Technical success was achieved in five out of six patients. After discharge, repeated dilations were performed in all five patients. During follow-up(median 27 mo, range, 2-115), three patients remained PEG-tube dependent. Three of four patients achieved relevant improvement of swallowing(two patients: FOIS 6, one patient: FOIS 7). One patient developed mediastinal emphysema following CARD, without a need for ***: The CARD technique is safe and a viable alternative to high-risk blind antegrade dilation in patients with complete proximal oesophageal obstruction. Although only half of the patients remained PEG-tube independent, the majority improved their ability to swallow.

关键词： Oesophageal obstruction Rendezvoustechnique Combined antegrade-retrograde endoscopicdilation Endoscopic dilation Head and neck cancer Radiotherapy

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