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Spatiotemporal characteristics of freezing and thawing of the active layer in the source areas of the Yellow River(SAYR)

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2014年第14期59卷 3034-3045页

作者： Dongliang luo Huijun Jin lanzhi lü Qingbai Wu State Key laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

Based on the analysis of data on temperatures and moisture of soils in the active layer at four different permafrost sites in the source areas of the Yellow River(SAYR)in 2010–2012,the freeze–thaw processes of soils in the active layer were compared and contrasted for understanding the spatiotemporal *** the four studied sites,the thickness and mean annual temperature of permafrost are *** temperatures at the top of permafrost(TTOP),i.e.,the maximum depth(s)of seasonal frost and/or thaw penetration,are-1.9°C at the Chalaping site(ClP),-0.9°C at the site on the southern bank of the Zhaling lake(ZlH),-0.4°C at the Maduo Town site(MDX),and 1.1°C at the site on the northern bank of the Eling lake(ElH).Differences in the mean annual ground temperature of permafrost and TTOPs may be responsible for the differentiations in the freeze–thaw processes of soils in the active *** rising TTOPs,the ground thawing started earlier:ClP in early June,ZlH in late May,MDX in early May,and ElH in mid-April,while the freezing began later:ClP in early October,ZlH in early to midOctober,MDX in mid-October,and ElH in the mid-to late *** increasing TTOPs,the freeze-up periods for permafrost sites were shortened:202 days at ClP,130 days at ZlH,100 days at MDX,and the period of complete thaw was 89 days at *** the ClP and ZlH sites,the two-directional ground freezing(downwards from ground surfaces and upwards from the permafrost table)and thawing finished in the same year,but the ground freezing at the MDX continued to the end of the nextJanuary,with very slow freezing rates in the *** the ElH site,ground freezing kept on until early May when thawing began on the surface,and upward and downward thawing became increasingly stable in late June to early *** each site,with rising TTOPs,the downward freezing accelerated in comparison with the upward freezing,and with an increasing proportion of downward frozen depth,and with the larger ratios of freezin

关键词：冷冻速率黄河源区解冻期活性层时空特性多年冻土冻融过程冻结深度

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Cold-region environments along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline and their management

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2010年第2期2卷 129-136页

作者： RuiXia He HuiJun Jin lanzhi l(U) Shaoling Wang State Key laboratory of Frozen Soils Engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China

The cold-region eco-environments along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline (CRCOP) in northern Northeast China are in disequilibrium due to the combined influences of pronounced climate warming and intensive anthropogenic *** is evidenced by the sharp areal reduction and northward shifting of the boreal forests,shrinking of wetlands,enhancing of soil erosion,accelerating degradation of permafrost and deteriorating of cold-region *** degradation of permafrost plays an important role as an internal drive in the eco-environmental *** components of the cold-region eco-environments,including frozen ground,forests,wetlands and peatlands,forest fires and 'heating island effect' of rapid urbanization,are interdependent,interactive,and integrated in the boreal *** construction and long-term operation of the CRCOP system will inevitably disturb the cold-region environments along the ***,a mandatory and carefully-elaborated environ-mental impact statement is indispensable for the proper mitigation of the ensued adverse *** management,effective protection and practical rehabilitation of the damaged cold-region environments are a daunting,costly and long-term *** recommended measures for protection and restoration of permafrost eco-environments along the pipeline route include adequate investigation,assessment and monitoring of permafrost and cold-region environments,compliance of pipeline construction and operation codes for environmental management,proper and timely re-vegetation,returning the cultivated lands to forests and grasslands,and effective mitigation of forest fire hazards.

关键词： China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline permafrost degradation cold-region eco-environments rehabilitation

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Epistasis-aware genome-wide association studies provide insights into the efficient breeding of high-yield and high-quality rice

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第8期23卷 2541-2556页

作者： Xiaogang He Zirong li Sicheng Guo Xingfei Zheng Chunhai liu Zijie liu Yongxin li Zheming Yuan lanzhi li Hunan Engineering&Technology Research Center for Agricultural Big Data Analysis&Decision-making/College of Plant Protection Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha 410128China Hubei Key laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement/Food Crop Institute Hubei Academy of Agricultural SciencesWuhan 430064China

Marker-assisted selection(MAS)and genomic selection(GS)breeding have greatly improved the efficiency of rice *** to the influences of epistasis and gene pleiotropy,ensuring the actual breeding effect of MAS and GS is still a difficult challenge to *** this study,113 indica rice varieties(V)and their 565 testcross hybrids(TC)were used as the materials to investigate the genetic basis of 12 quality traits and nine agronomic *** original traits and general combining ability of the parents,as well as the original traits and midparent heterosis of TC,were subjected to genome-wide association *** total,381 primary significantly associated loci(SAl)and 1,759 secondary SAls that had epistatic interactions with these primary SAls were *** these loci,322 candidate genes located within or nearby the SAls were screened,204 of which were cloned genes.A total of 39 MAS molecular modules that are beneficial for trait improvement were identified by pyramiding the superior haplotypes of candidate genes and desirable epistatic alleles of the secondary *** the SAls were used to construct genetic networks,in which 91 pleiotropic loci were ***,we estimated the accuracy of genomic prediction in the parent V and TC by incorporating either no SAls,primary SAls,secondary SAls or epistatic effect SAls as *** the prediction accuracies of the four models were generally not significantly different in the TC dataset,the incorporation of primary SAls,secondary SAls,and epistatic effect SAls significantly improved the prediction accuracies of 5(26%),3(16%),and 11(58%)traits in the V dataset,*** results suggested that SAls and epistatic effect SAls identified based on an additive genotype can provide considerable predictive power for the parental *** also provide insights into the genetic basis of complex traits and valuable information for molecular breeding in rice.

关键词： rice genome-wide association study epistasis gene pleiotropy maker-associated selection genome selection

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疾病诊断相关分组对护理管理影响的研究进展

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中国护理管理 2024年第3期24卷 477-480页

作者：于兰芝张颖孙育红中日友好医院手术麻醉科北京市100029 中日友好医院护理部北京市100029

综述了疾病诊断相关分组(Diagnosis Related Groups,DRG)的国内外发展状况、对绩效的评价方式,从护理工作量、护理不良事件、护理成本、护理职业发展方面进行梳理,阐释了DRG对护理管理产生的影响,并针对DRG改革下护理绩效模式、护士分... 详细信息

综述了疾病诊断相关分组(Diagnosis Related Groups,DRG)的国内外发展状况、对绩效的评价方式,从护理工作量、护理不良事件、护理成本、护理职业发展方面进行梳理,阐释了DRG对护理管理产生的影响,并针对DRG改革下护理绩效模式、护士分级、预测护士数量、平衡护理成本、提升护理工作效率等方面提出护理管理策略,以期促进护理管理者探索护理管理新模式。

关键词：疾病诊断相关分组护理质量病例组合指数护理管理

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青藏高原土壤碳排放研究进展

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冰川冻土 2015年第6期37卷 1544-1554页

作者：刘敏金会军罗栋梁王庆峰金晓颖李晓英吕兰芝中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所冻土工程国家重点实验室甘肃兰州730000 中国科学院大学北京100049

青藏高原土壤碳排放研究是评估国家区域碳排放量和预测气候变化所可能导致影响的关键.首先对青藏高原土壤碳排放的关键性影响因子进行探讨,并分析了土壤碳排放的时空分布格局变化.目前青藏高原土壤碳排放研究主要是针对高寒草甸及高寒... 详细信息

青藏高原土壤碳排放研究是评估国家区域碳排放量和预测气候变化所可能导致影响的关键.首先对青藏高原土壤碳排放的关键性影响因子进行探讨,并分析了土壤碳排放的时空分布格局变化.目前青藏高原土壤碳排放研究主要是针对高寒草甸及高寒草地生态系统,较少涉及高寒荒漠,研究区域较为分散;土壤碳排放受到气候环境因素、生物因素及人为因素等多重因素的影响,其中温度、土壤湿度、土壤区系生物、人为因素及多年冻土退化是最关键的影响因素;土壤碳排放具有明显的时空变异性,空间变异性在生物群丛、景观、区域和生物群系四个尺度体现,时间变异性在日、季、年上体现.总体而言,青藏高原土壤碳排放的研究较少,尤其关于大尺度、长时间序列的研究以及土壤碳排放的机理等方面的研究十分缺乏,有待于后续加强研究.

关键词：青藏高原土壤碳排放影响因子时空格局

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西湖凹陷平湖斜坡带物源-坡折耦合控砂模式

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海洋地质前沿 2024年第7期40卷 36-44页

作者：李帅俞伟哲秦兰芝张粲中海石油(中国)有限公司上海分公司上海200335

平湖斜坡带为西湖凹陷岩性油气藏勘探的重要区域之一。勘探开发实践证实,平湖斜坡带平湖组砂体展布复杂,控砂模式指导下的砂体刻画已成为岩性油气藏勘探突破的关键。从物源体系研究出发,结合坡折带特征分析,梳理了研究区物源坡折耦合控... 详细信息

平湖斜坡带为西湖凹陷岩性油气藏勘探的重要区域之一。勘探开发实践证实,平湖斜坡带平湖组砂体展布复杂,控砂模式指导下的砂体刻画已成为岩性油气藏勘探突破的关键。从物源体系研究出发,结合坡折带特征分析,梳理了研究区物源坡折耦合控制下的砂体展布特征。沟谷及重矿物特征表明,研究区存在海礁隆起西部、西南部稳定物源及宝云亭凸起动态物源三大物源体系,控制了研究区储层沉积物来源;受隆起、断裂差异活动及沉积作用控制,研究区发育的断裂坡折、挠曲坡折和沉积坡折共同控制了研究区地形特征。物源体系与坡折耦合控制了沉积物从源到汇的动态过程:平湖组下段由西南物源及宝云亭凸起动态物源共同控制,发育混源堆积型控砂模式;平湖组中段由西部海礁隆起物源主控,以挠曲坡折限制的单源改造型控砂模式为主;平湖组上段由沉积坡折主控,发育缓坡过渡型控砂模式。

关键词：平湖斜坡带物源坡折带控砂模式岩性油气藏

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专业Bundles策略护理在骨折合并脾脏损伤护理中的应用价值

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中国伤残医学 2024年第8期32卷 142-145页

作者：毕兰枝内蒙古自治区人民医院肝胆胰脾外科内蒙古呼和浩特010017

目的:探讨与分析专业Bundles策略护理在骨折合并脾脏损伤护理中的应用价值.方法:选择2021年2月—2023年2月我院收治的76例骨折合并脾脏损伤患者为研究对象,根据随机信封抽签1∶1原则将其分为Bundles组与对照组,各38例.对照组在围手术期... 详细信息

目的:探讨与分析专业Bundles策略护理在骨折合并脾脏损伤护理中的应用价值.方法:选择2021年2月—2023年2月我院收治的76例骨折合并脾脏损伤患者为研究对象,根据随机信封抽签1∶1原则将其分为Bundles组与对照组,各38例.对照组在围手术期实施常规护理,Bundles组在对照组基础上给予围手术期专业Bundles策略护理,2组护理观察时间均为14 d.记录2组患者的预后恢复、心理变化、并发症与护理满意度情况.结果:Bundles组术中出血量少于对照组,手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、术后肛门排便时间、术后下床活动时间、术后住院时间均短于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(Ples组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Ples组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Ples组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(Ples策略护理在骨折合并脾脏损伤护理中的应用能促进患者康复,可减少创伤,缓解患者的焦虑与抑郁情绪,并且还能提高安全性,减少不良事件的发生,患者更加满意.

关键词：专业Bundles策略护理骨折脾脏损伤抑郁情绪并发症护理满意度

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“慢教育”场域中的高中拔尖创新人才培养路径探索——访合肥一六八中学校长罗在兵

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教师教育论坛 2024年第8期37卷 5-8页

作者：陈兰枝刘源不详

习近平总书记曾深刻指出:“当今世界的竞争说到底是人才竞争、教育竞争。”党的二十大报告进一步明确未来国家将进一步加强科学教育和工程教育,同时加强拔尖创新人才自主培养,为我国关键核心技术攻关提供坚实的人才支撑。

关键词：拔尖创新人才慢教育人才竞争自主培养路径探索关键核心技术合肥一六八中学人才支撑

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On the functions of astrocyte-mediated neuronal slow inward currents

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2602-2612页

作者： Balázs Pál Department of Physiology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of DebrecenDebrecenHungary

Slow inward currents are known as neuronal excitatory currents mediated by glutamate release and activation of neuronal extra synaptic N-met hyl-D-aspartate receptors with the contribution of *** events are significantly slower than the excitatory postsynaptic *** of slow inward currents are determined by seve ral factors including the mechanisms of astrocytic activation and glutamate release,as well as the diffusion pathways from the release site towards the extra synaptic recepto *** are stimulated by neuronal network activity,which in turn excite neurons,forming an astrocyte-neuron feedback *** as a consequence of brain edema,astrocytic swelling can also induce slow inward currents under pathological *** is a growing body of evidence on the roles of slow inward currents on a single neuron or local network *** events often occur in synchro ny on neurons located in the same astrocytic *** synchronization of neuronal excitability,slow inward currents also set synaptic strength via eliciting timing-dependent synaptic *** addition,slow inward currents are also subject to non-synaptic plasticity triggered by long-la sting stimulation of the excitatory *** note,there might be important regionspecific differences in the roles and actions triggering slow inward *** greater networks,the pathophysiological roles of slow inward currents can be better understood than physiological *** inward currents are identified in the pathophysiological background of autism,as slow inward currents drive early hypersynchrony of the neural *** inward currents are significant contributors to paroxysmal depolarizational shifts/interictal *** events are related to epilepsy,but also found in Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,and stroke,leading to the decline of cognitive *** with features overlapping with slow inward currents(excitatory,N-methyl-Dasp

关键词： astrocyte cortical spreading depolarization gliotransmission glutamate neural synchronization NMDA receptor paroxysmal depolarizational shift slow inward current

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On calculating glacial isostatic adjustment

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第5期15卷 441-452页

作者： l.M.Cathles Cornell University IthacaNY 14853USA

Modeling the earth's fluid and elastic response to the melting of the glaciers of the last ice age is the most direct way to infer the earth's radial viscosity ***,we compare two methods for calculating the viscoelastic response to surface *** one,the elastic equation of motion is converted to a viscoelastic equation using the Correspondence *** the other,elastic deformation is added to the viscous flow as isostatic adjustment *** two modeling methods predict adjustment histories that are different enough to potentially impact the interpretation of the observed glacial isostatic adjustment(GIA).The differences arise from buoyancy and whether fluid displacements are subjected to hydrostatic *** methods agree if they use the same equations and boundary *** origin of the differences is determined by varying the boundary conditions and pre-stress application.

关键词： Glacial isostatic adjustment Viscoelastic normal modes Hydrostatic pre-stress Elastic buoyancy Correspondence principle

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