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exporting China’s Successes in Vaccine Preventable Hepatitis

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China CDC weekly 2020年第30期2卷 575-576页

作者： lance.e.rode.ald National Immunization Program Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Almost four decades of science,innovation,and programmatic effort to control and prevent vaccinepreventable viral hepatitis have paid off spectacularly well in *** the pre-vaccine era,nearly 10% of children were infected by hepatitis B virus(HBV)—especially during childbirth—causing them to be lifelong carriers of HBV,able to infect others,and in great danger of liver cancer and cirrhosis as adults(1).

关键词： vaccine China. hepatitis

Forty and Twenty Years Ago and Now--Virus elimination Successes and New Challenges

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China CDC weekly 2020年第50期2卷 953-954页

作者： lance.e.rode.ald National Immunization Program China CDC Immunization Services Division US CDC(2000-2012) WHO China Country Office(2012-2017)

Forty years ago,smallpox was declared eradicated by the World Health Organization(WHO).As ***,Director of the Smallpox eradication Programme at the WHO quoted from the 33^(rd) World Health Assembly(1980)(1),“...the world and all its peoples have won freedom from smallpox...a most devastating disease...since earliest time,leaving death,blindness,and disfigurement in its wake and which only a decade ago was rampant in Africa,Asia and South America.”

关键词： death Director disease.

FRAMe: femtosecond videography for atomic and molecular dynamics

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Light(Science & Applications) 2017年第1期6卷 548-554页

作者： Andreas ehn Joakim Bood Zheming Li edouard Berrocal Marcus aldén elias Kristensson Division of Combustion Physics Department of PhysicsLund UniversityLund SE-22363Sweden

Many important scientific questions in physics,chemistry and biology require effective methodologies to spectroscopically probe ultrafast intra-and inter-atomic/molecular ***,current methods that extend into the femtosecond regime are capable of only point measurements or single-snapshot visualizations and thus lack the capability to perform ultrafast spectroscopic videography of dynamic single *** we present a laser-probe-based method that enables two-dimensional videography at ultrafast timescales(femtosecond and shorter)of single,non-repetitive *** method is based on superimposing a structural code onto the illumination to encrypt a single event,which is then deciphered in a post-processing *** coding strategy enables laser probing with arbitrary wavelengths/bandwidths to collect signals with indiscriminate spectral information,thus allowing for ultrafast videography with full spectroscopic *** demonstrate the high temporal resolution of our method,we present videography of light propagation with record high 200 femtosecond temporal *** method is widely applicable for studying a multitude of dynamical processes in physics,chemistry and biology over a wide range of time *** the minimum frame separation(temporal resolution)is dictated by only the laser pulse duration,attosecondlaser technology may further increase video rates by several orders of magnitude.

关键词： imaging techniques ultrafast photonics ultrafast spectroscopy videography

Recovery of coupled networks after cascading failures

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Journal of Systems engineering and electronics 2018年第3期29卷 650-657页

作者： GAO Jiazi YIN Yongfeng FIONDeLLA lance LIU Lijun School of Reliability and Systems engineering Beihang University Department of electrical & Computer engineering University of Massachusetts

With society＇s increasing dependence on critical infrastructure such as power grids and communications systems, the robustness of these systems has attracted significant *** of some nodes can trigger a cascading failure, which completely fragments the network, necessitating recovery efforts to improve robustness of complex systems. Inspired by real-world scenarios, this paper proposes repair models after two kinds of network failures, namely complete and incomplete collapse. In both models, three kinds of repair strategies are possible, including random selection（RS）, node selection based on single network node degree（SD）, and node selection based on double network node degree（DD）. We find that the node correlation in each of the two coupled networks affects repair efficiency. Numerical simulation and analysis results suggest that the repair node ratio and repair strategies may have a significant impact on the economics of the repair process. The results of this study thus provide insight into ways to improve the robustness of coupled networks after cascading failures.

关键词： networks reliability interdependent networks recovery strategy cascading failure

Software reliability analysis considering correlated component failures with coupling measurement framework

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Journal of Systems engineering and electronics 2015年第5期26卷 1114-1126页

作者： Xiaodan Li Yongfeng Yin lance Fiondella Yibin Zhou School of Reliability and System engineering Beihang University Department of electrical & Computer engineering University of Massachusetts

With progression of the digital age, the complexity of software continues to grow. As a result, methods to quantitatively assess characteristics of software have attracted significant attention. These efforts have led to a large number of new measures such as coupling metrics, many of which seek to consider the impact of correlations between components and failures on application reliability. However, most of these approaches set the coupling parameters arbitrarily by making assumptions instead of utilizing experimental data and therefore may not accurately capture actual coupling between components of software application. Since the coupling matrix is often set arbitrarily, the existing approaches to assess software reliability considering component correlation fail to reflect the real degree of interaction and relationships among software components. This paper presents an efficient approach to assess the software reliability considering correlated component failures, incorporating software architecture while considering actual internal coupling of software with an efficient approach based on multivariate Bernoulli(MVB) distribution. The unified framework for software coupling measurement is informed by a comprehensive survey of frameworks for objectoriented and procedure-oriented software. This framework enables the extraction of more accurate coupling among components. The effectiveness of this method is illustrated through an experimental study by applying it to a real-time software application.

关键词： correlated failures software coupling software architecture software reliability

Heart regeneration with human pluripotent stem cells: Prospects and challenges

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Bioactive Materials 2020年第1期5卷 74-81页

作者： Yuqian Jiang Xiaojun lance Lian Department of Biomedical engineering Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA Department of Biology Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA16802USA

Cardiovascular disease,ranging from congenital heart disease to adult myocardial infarction,is the leading cause of death *** pursuit of reliable cardiovascular regenerative medicine,human pluripotent stem cells(hPSCs),including human embryonic stem cells(heSCs)and human induced pluripotent stem cells(hiPSCs),offer plenty of potential cell-based *** are capable of proliferating indefinitely in an undifferentiated state,and are also pluripotent,being able to differentiate into virtually any somatic cell types given specific stepwise cues,thus representing an unlimited source to generate functional cardiovascular cells for heart *** we recapitulated current advances in developing efficient protocols to generate hPSCderived cardiovascular cell lineages,including cardiomyocytes,endothelial cells,and epicardial *** also discussed applications of hPSC-derived cells in combination with compatible bioactive materials,promising trials of cell transplantation in animal models of myocardial infarction,and potential hurdles to bring us closer to the ultimate goal of cell-based heart repair.

关键词： Human pluripotent stem cells Cardiovascular cells Tissue engineering

An arctic low-energy house as experimental setup for studies of heat dynamics of buildings

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Frontiers of Architectural Research 2013年第4期2卷 488-499页

作者： Philip Delft Andersen Carsten rode Henrik Madsen DTU Compute Richard Pedersens Plads Technical University of Denmark Building 322 Kongens Lyngyb DK-2800 Denmark DTU Civil engineering Brovej Bygning 118 Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngyb DK-2800 Denmark

This paper addresses the difficulties in pinpointing reasons for unexpectedly high energy consumption in construction, and in low-energy houses especially. Statistical methods are applied to improve the insight into the energy performance and heat dynamics of a building based on consumption records and weather data. Dynamical methods separate influences from outdoor temperature, solar radiation, and wind on the energy consumption in the building. The studied building is a low-energy house in Sisimiut, GreenLand. Weather conditions like large temperature differences between indoors and outdoors throughout tong winters, strong winds, and very different circumstances regarding solar radiation compared to areas where Low-energy houses are usually built, make the Location very interesting for modeling and testing purposes. In 2011 new measurement equipment was installed in the house, which will be used to develop more detailed models of the heat dynamics and energy performance in relation to different meteoroLogicaL variables, heating systems, and user behavior. This type of models is known as a graybox model and is been introduced in this paper.

关键词： Low-energy houses Heat dynamics Arctic climate Statistical modeling Graybox modeling

Comparison of alternative route selection strategies based on simulation optimization

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2016年第6期29卷 1749-1761页

作者： Ye Bojia lance Sherry Chen Chun-Hung Tian Yong National Key Lab of Air Traffic Flow Management Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China College of Civil Aviation Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China Center for Air Transportation Systems Research Department of Systems Engineering&Operations ResearchGeorge Mason UniversityFairfaxVA22030USA

Air traffic flow management(ATFM) is a collaborative process between the airspace provider and the airspace users. The result of the collaboration should be an outcome that maximizes the utility of the system without excessively penalizing any of the agents. This paper develops a discrete-event simulation model which consists of aggregate departure/arrival airports, flight routes, and sectors for evaluating the alternative collaborative route selection strategy. Given the different perspectives from air traffic control center(ACC) and airlines, eight performancemetrics and five alternative route selection strategies represent the past, current and proposed air traffic flow management operations that were evaluated. The Monte Carlo method combined with the Optimal Computing Budget Allocation(OCBA) simulation optimization technique is employed to assess the performance of different strategies. A case study of the upper air routes in central and southern China shows that the proposed model can be readily implemented to simulate different kinds of air traffic flow management strategies and predict the effect of changes on the airspace system. It also shows that the proposed alternative collaborative route selection strategy is an effective way in alleviating the en-route traffic congestion.

关键词： Air traffic control Decision support systems Discrete-event simulation Monte Carlo methods OCBA

Accelerating into Immunization Agenda 2030 with momentum from China’s successful COVID-19 vaccination campaign during dynamic COVID Zero

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第5期12卷 87-90页

作者： lance.e.rode.ald National Immunization Program China CDCDepartment of the National Immunization ProgramChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention155 Changbai RoadBeijing 102206People’s Republic of China

China’s immunization programs conducted a unified,tightly coordinated COVID-19 vaccination campaign during the dynamic COVID Zero period that reached well over 90%of the population with vaccines having>90%effectiveness against serious-to-fatal *** campaign was eight times the size of the annual routine national immunization program,administering 3.4 billion doses of vaccines while monitoring vaccine coverage,acceptability,safety,and *** asset of the routine immunization program had to be strengthened and expanded to attain high coverage and reach hundreds of millions of adults who had not been vaccinated since *** strengthening and expansion were in directions aligned with the World Health Organization’s Immunization Agenda 2030,which has a vision that"everyone,everywhere,at every age fully benefits from vaccines for good health and well-being"and requires reaching all children,adolescents,and adults with lifesaving *** from this campaign should not be lost but should be invested into achieving what is possible with a properly resourced national immunization program that is now proven to be capable of reaching everyone in the world’s largest country throughout the life course,and to do so with all vaccines recommended by the World Health Organization.

关键词： Vaccines Immunization Immunization program Immunization Agenda 2030 COVID-19 Life course vaccination