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Bacterial Profile of Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) in Benin: A Retrospective Study from 2003 to 2012 at Menontin’s Hospital

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2016年第2期6卷 53-58页

作者： Honoré Sourou Bankolé Victorien Dougnon Christian Johnson Gildas Hounmanou Modupeola Alokolaro lamine Baba-Moussa Research Laboratory in Applied Biology Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin Department of Biotechnology African University of Technology and Management Campus of Gbegamey Cotonou Benin Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology Faculty of Sciences and Techniques University of Abomey-Calavi Cotonou Benin

Urinary tract infections remain the most common bacterial infection in human population. They are also one of the most frequently occurring nosocomial infections, representing about 40% of all nosocomial bacterial infections world widely and associated with important medical and financial implications. This retrospective study aimed to establish the bacterial profile of UTIs in Benin. Therefore, reported data were collected from 2003 to 2012 at Menontin’s Hospital in Cotonou and subjected to analyses. At the end of the study, fourteen different bacteria species were found to be associated with UTI cases in Benin. Escherichia coli was the most prevalent followed by Staphylococcus aureus. Results of the current study are helpful to the health care community of Benin in establishing the appropriate antibiotherapy for UTI patients’ treatment with respect organisms into circulation.

关键词： Bacteria UTIs Public Health

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Senegalese Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study in Saint-Louis

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2020年第1期10卷 23-33页

作者： Sidy Mohamed Seck Dominique Doupa Seraphin Ahou Serigne Gueye Macia Engerran lamine Gueye Internal Medicine-Nephrology Department Faculty of Health Sciences University Gaston Berger Saint-Louis Senegal UMI 3189 Environnement santé sociétés (CNRS/UCAD/Université de Bamako/CNRST Burkina-Faso) Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odontostomatologie Dakar Senegal Nephrology Department Faculty of Health Sciences University of Parakou Parakou Benin Nephrology and Hemodialysis Department CH Cahors Cahors France

Introduction: Diabetes is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease in the world. During the next decade, its burden is expected to increase in Africa with potential complications such as chronic kidney disease. However, epidemiology and risk factors of diabetic kidney disease are poorly described at population level. This study aimed to determine prevalence of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in adult diabetics living in Saint-Louis, northern Senegal. Methods: A cross-sectional study including diabetic patients followed-up aged ≥18 years during a five-year period (2013-2018) in Saint-Louis. Clinical and biological parameters were collected during annual community-based mass screening. Diabetes was defined as fasting blood glucose ≥ 1.26 g/L confirmed by a second lab dosage. DKD was defined as persistence of albuminuria ≥ 30 mg/24h and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 2. Data were analyzed with Stata 12.0. Results: We included a total of 1310 diabetic patients among whom 3.7% (95% CI = 1.4% - 9.8%) presented DKD. Their mean age was 46.2 ± 11.8 years and sex-ratio was 0.7. Micro-albuminuria and macro-albuminuria were present respectively in 59.2% and 18.4% of patients with DKD and half of them had a normal eGFR. Before the survey 89.8% of patients with DKD were not aware of their renal disease and only four of them had seen a nephrologist. After multivariate analysis, age (OR = 1.5;95% CI = 1.1 - 3.4), duration of diabetes (OR = 1.2;95% CI = 1.6 - 4.4) and hypertension (OR = 2.5;95% CI = 1.4 - 4.6) were associated with the presence of DKD in diabetic patients while no significant association was not found with gender, blood glucose level, smoking and familial history. Conclusion: DKD is a frequent complication in diabetic adult population living in Saint-Louis. Early detection and management should be promoted in order to prevent progression to end-stage renal disease.

关键词： Diabetes Kidney Disease Epidemiology Saint-Louis

Health Risk Assessment of Trace Metals in Drinking Water Consumed in Dakar, Senegal

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2021年第12期13卷 915-930页

作者： Jessica Carmelia Mbemba Peleka Cheikh Diop Robert Faomowe Foko Mouhamadou lamine Daffe Mamadou Fall Laboratory of Toxicology and Hydrology (LTH) Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Dentistry (FMPO) Cheikh Anta Diop University (UCAD) Dakar Senegal

Water contamination by chemical pollutants is increasingly associated with waterborne diseases worldwide. The objective of this study is to assess the chemical health risk associated with drinking water consumption in Dakar, Senegal. The methodology adopted in this study is based on the determination of trace metals (Cd, Pb, Fe, Cu and Mn) in human drinking water by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, the estimation of the exposure of populations of the study area on the basis of the quantity of water consumed daily and the determination of the hazard quotient which allows estimating the health risk. The results indicate unacceptable levels of Pb and Cd in the water according to World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, while the concentrations of Fe, Cu and Mn are below the regulatory values. The hazard quotient (HQ) is in the majority of samples higher than 1 in children and infants for scenario 1 (based on WHO data), reflecting a high risk for this target. In scenario 2 based on consumption data from the populations studied, the HQ is greater than 1 only in heavy consumers. The drinking water consumed by Dakar population presents health risks related to Pb and Cd, particularly for infants, children and heavy consumers, hence the need to strengthen the water treatment system before home consumption.

关键词： Drinking Water Trace Metals Health Risk Senegal

Transient Diabetes Induced by L-Asparaginase

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Open Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第6期13卷 862-865页

作者： Mamadou Moustapha Diop M’mah Aminata Bangoura Aissata Barry Emmanuel Camara Kolié Ouo Ouo Pé Neabei Beimy Mohamed lamine Diallo Kaba Bangoura Moustapha Kouyate Mohamed lamine Kaba Aka Nbga Department of Paediatrics Faculty of Health Sciences and Techniques Gamal Abdel Nasser University Conakry Republic of Guinea Urgence Pédiatrique CHU Donka Ministère de l’enseignement de la recherche scientifique et de l’innovation Conakry Republic of Guinea Haemodialysis Department CHU Donka Ministry of Education Scientific Research and Innovation Conakry Republic of Guinea

Background: Although hyperglycaemia is one of the known side effects of L-asparaginase, its contribution to the development of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is less well known in the literature. Asparaginase is an essential component of treatment protocols for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs. On further evaluation, she was found to have high anion gap metabolic acidosis, hyperglycaemia and ketonuria. In recent decades, the use of these chemotherapeutic agents has led to a decrease in mortality and disease-free survival in ALL. L-asparaginase is one of the chemotherapy protocols used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and can induce hyperglycaemia which is aggravated by the concomitant use of corticosteroids. We report the observation of a 14-year-old girl treated with chemotherapy (GFA LAL protocol) who developed transient diabetes following the use of L-asparaginase. She was treated at the Donka paediatric haemato-oncology unit by a multidisciplinary team including a paediatric oncologist, a psychologist and a diabetologist. The aim of this study was to highlight blood glucose monitoring before and after the use of asparaginase in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. Conclusion: We conclude that the occurrence of ketoacidosis following the use of asparaginase is a rare event. We recommend close monitoring of blood glucose levels for hyperglycaemia in patients with ALL receiving L-asparaginase.

关键词： Asparaginase Diabetes ALL Donka

Roles of the Apolipoprotein E Gene and Its Polymorphisms in the Etiopathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Its Atherosclerotic Complication in Senegalese Females

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Journal of Diabetes Mellitus 2023年第4期13卷 300-324页

作者： Maïmouna Touré Fatou Diallo Agne Amadou Dieng Rokhaya Ndiaye Diallo lamine Gueye Abdoulaye Samb Laboratoire de Physiologie Humaine et d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Senégal IRL3189 ESS “Environnement-Santé-Sociétés” Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)/Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CNRST) Bamako-UCAD Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal Service de Santé Publique Institut d’Odontologie et de Stomatologie Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal Laboratoire de Génétique Pharmaceutique Faculté de Médecine de Pharmacie et d’Odonto-Stomatologie (FMPOS) de l’Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Dakar Sénégal

Lipid metabolism disorders would be among the components responsible for the risk of the onset of T2DM and its vascular complications. Apolipoprotein E plays an important role in lipid metabolism. We studied the involvement of the APOE gene in the onset of T2DM and its vascular complications. Clinical and biochemical parameters were assessed in each participant. APOE genotypes were identified by PCR-RFLP. Arterial stiffness was studied using a pOpmetre® which evaluates the pulse wave velocity (ft-PWV). Endothelial dysfunction was studied using an EndoPAT2000® which measures endothelium-dependent vasodilation (RHI). In control subjects, the ε3 allele was associated with an increase in fasting blood glucose (r = 2.36, p = 0.018), and a decrease in LDL cholesterol levels (r = −2.17, p = 0.03), and ε4 was associated with an increase in total cholesterol (r = 2.59, p = 0.01), LDL cholesterol (r = 2.84, p = 0.004), and No-HDL cholesterol (r = 2.74, p = 0.006). In type 2 diabetes subjects, the ε2 was associated with a decrease in diastolic blood pressure (r = −2.25, p = 0.02). The ε3 was associated with a decrease in ft-PWV (r = −2.26, p = 0.024) while the ε4 was associated with an increase in ft-PWV (r = 2.52, p = 0.012). Carrying the ε2ε3 genotype would have in 99% a limited risk of developing T2DM, and in event of T2DM, only 1 to 2% would have a significant risk of developing atherosclerosis, which would be severe in 17%. Of the ε2ε4 genotype, 93% had a limited or even possible risk of developing T2DM, the remaining 7% had a very high risk of developing T2DM. Diabetics carrying ε2ε4 had in 7% very high risk of developing atherosclerosis. The latter had a 20% very high risk of being very severe. Subjects carrying the ε3ε4 genotype had a 67% possible or even probable risk of developing T2DM and in the event of diabetes, there was in 34% very high risk of developing atherosclerosis which will not have even the time to evolve towards severity. For subj

关键词： APOE Gene Polymorphisms Type 2 diabetes Mellitus Vascular Dysfunctions

Management of Post-Operative Pain after Gyneco-Obstetrical Surgery: Practice of Transversus Abdominis Plane Bloc (Tap Block) Echoguide at the Ignace Deen National Hospital

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2021年第10期11卷 316-324页

作者： Donamou Joseph Bangoura Almamy Touré Abdoulaye Camara Amadou Yalla Traoré Abdourahamane Dine Camara M’Mah lamine Camara M’Mah lamine Dramé Boubacar Atigou Camara Mariama Mohamed Orou Yerima Therese Touré Aboubacar Anesthesia-Intensive Care Unit Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea Anesthesia-Intensive Care Unit National Ignace Deen Hospital Conakry Guinea Medico-Surgical Emergency Department Donka National Hospital Conakry Guinea General and Visceral Surgery Department Ignace Deen National Hospital Conakry Guinea

Objectives: To describe the practice of ultrasound-guided TAP in the management of postoperative pain after gyneco-obstetric surgery. Methods: This was a descriptive prospective study carried out at the Gynecology-Obstetrics department of the Ignace Deen National Hospital over a period of three (03) months from February 01, 2020 to April 31, 2020. Results: In total, we collected 95 patients. These patients had a mean age of 30 ± 9.5 years. The ASA I class was the most represented with 76% of the cases and the cesarean was the most performed intervention. Regarding the assessment of the pain score by the simple verbal scale (SVE) postoperatively at rest, the mean SLE scores at H6 were 0.17 ± 0.38;at H12 of 1.15 ± 0.62;at H24 of 0.84 ± 0.51;at H36 0.45 ± 0.52 and at H48 0.09 ± 0.29. On mobilization, the mean pain scores were 0.77 ± 0.51 at H6, at H12 1.89 ± 0.61;at H24 of 1.53 ± 0.56;at H36 of 1 ± 0.29 and at H48 of 0.82 ± 0.44. The majority of our patients (66.3%) had a mobilization time of less than 24 hours. The mean length of stay was 3.1 ± 1.3 days and most patients (82%) were satisfied with the management of their pain by ultrasound-guided TAP block. Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided TAP is an effective technique for the management of postoperative pain in gyneco-obstetrics surgery. Its integration in a context of multimodal analgesia could improve the management of postoperative pain in gynecological obstetrics.

关键词： Postoperative Pain TAP Block Ultrasound Guidance Gyneco-Obstetrics

Isolation of Six Phosphate Dissolving Rhizosphere Bacteria （Bacillus subtilis） and Their Effects on the Growth, Phosphorus Nutrition and Yield of Maize （Zea mays L.） in Mali

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2016年第2期6卷 93-107页

作者： lamine Traore Hamadoun Babana Hani Antoun Messaoud Lahbib Ousmane Sacko Cindy Nakatsu Diane Stott Institute of Rural Economy BP 258 Bamako Mali University of Bamako BP 3206 Colline de Badalabougou Bamako Mali Department of Soils and Agri-Food Engineering & Horticulture Research Center Faculty of Agricultural and Food SciencesUniversity of Laval Quebec 2480 Canada Department of Agronomy Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2053 USA National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory Department of Agronomy Purdue University West Lafayette IN 47907-2053 USA

The disadvantages of the long term application of Tilemsi natural phosphate （TNP） on maize （Zea mays L.） production has come out because of its low P availability. Some functional soil microbes, such as phosphate dissolving bacteria, have great potential in improvement of P solubility from TNP and P uptake by plants. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize typical phosphate dissolving bacterial strains （Bacillus subtilis） from Malian soils, and investigate their role in P uptake by maize grown in soils amended with TNP. The experimental design was a split plot with three main plots of fertilizers sources, i.e., natural phosphate, commercial fertilizer and without fertilizer, and with seven sub-plots of six microorganisms plus the control. The field experiment results have shown that the maize inoculated with the phosphate dissolving bacteria was improved in seed germination, plant growth, plant production （increase yield by 42%）, grain and aerial dry biomass （P） content of 34% and 64%, respectively. They have also shown that the locally available TNP can be used by the Malians farmers in maize culture and have comparable production to the one obtained with the costly imported commercial phosphate fertilizer, like the complex cereal. The project has provided information for the combined use of the Mali TNP and phosphate dissolving bacteria Bacillus subtilis subsp, subtilis （T）： DSM 10 in improvement of maize production in the country.

关键词： Maize phosphate microorganisms characterization growth production bacteria.

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“玉黄金”拌种对春玉米生长发育的调控作用

“玉黄金”拌种对春玉米生长发育的调控作用

作者：拉民（lamine Diallo）吉林大学

学位级别：硕士

采用作物的化学调控技术，是解决玉米倒伏问题成为主要的农业技术措施之一。通过对不同浓度”玉黄金”拌种下盆栽试验和田间试验，研究了”玉黄金”（玉黄金）拌种对目前吉林省中部地区春玉米生长发育的调控作用机理，以此为该地区玉米... 详细信息

采用作物的化学调控技术，是解决玉米倒伏问题成为主要的农业技术措施之一。通过对不同浓度”玉黄金”拌种下盆栽试验和田间试验，研究了”玉黄金”（玉黄金）拌种对目前吉林省中部地区春玉米生长发育的调控作用机理，以此为该地区玉米高密化控防倒技术提供理论支撑，主要取得如下结论：1、不同浓度玉黄金拌种影响玉米种子出苗率，8ml/kg和16ml/kg浓度玉黄金拌种在播种后第8d种子出苗分别比对照降低16.7%和21.3%，而4mL/kg浓度处理无影响。2、玉黄金拌种处理后，三叶期第二片及第三片叶的叶长、叶片宽度受抑制明显，从而使得叶面积降低。3、玉黄金拌种可以抑制幼苗根系长度以及胚根的生长发育。随着玉黄金拌种浓度的增加，玉米幼苗地上部干物质积累量以及根系干重都呈现逐渐降低趋势，但幼苗根冠比表现出先增大后减小的趋势，当浓度≥8ml/kg时，”玉黄金”对地下部抑制作用大于地上部抑制作用，玉黄金拌种的最佳浓度为4ml/kg。4、”玉黄金”拌种处理使田间玉米植株第一至第三茎节节间长度降低，第四至第七茎节节间长度增加，由于四至第七茎节节间长度增加大于第一至第三茎节节间长度缩短长度，从而使得穗位高略增加，出现“反弹效应”。5、高密度”玉黄金”拌种处理下茎秆抗倒强度和拉弯强度显著增强，9万株/h m2种植密度下，拌种处理第二至第四茎节茎折强度比对照平均增加7.14%，拉弯强度增加25.40%，使倒伏率降低10.41%，高密度种植下拌种处理抗倒伏效果明显。低密度下，拌种与未拌种处理产量无差异，高密度下，拌种处理玉米产量比对照增加6.91%。在产量构成上，9万株/hm2高密度条件下玉米增产的主要原因是单位面积有效穗数增加。

关键词： “玉黄金” 拌种吉林中部地区生长发育调控

PI and RST Control Design and Comparison for Matrix Converters Using Venturini Modulation Strategy

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2015年第8期3卷 36-54页

作者： Bekhada Hamane Mamadou lamine Doumbia Hicham Chaoui Mohamed Bouhamida Ahmed Chériti Mustapha Benghanem Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering UQTR Trois-Rivières Canada Center for Energy Systems Research Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Tennessee Technological University Cookeville USA Department of Electrical Engineering University Mohamed Boudiaf Oran Algeria

This paper presents a thorough design and comparative study of two popular control techniques, i.e., classical Proportional Integral (PI) and RST, for Matrix Converters (MCs) in terms of tracking the reference and robustness. The output signal of MCs is directly affected by unbalanced grid voltage. Some research works have attempted to overcome this problem with PI control. However, this technique is known to offer lower performance when it is used in complex and nonlinear systems. On the other hand, RST control offers better performance, even in case of highly nonlinear systems. Therefore, the RST can achieve better performance to overcome the limitation of PI control of nonlinear systems. In this paper, a RST control method is proposed as output current controller to improve the performance of the MC powered by unbalanced grid voltage. The overall operating principle, Venturini modulation strategy of MC, PI control and characteristics of RST are presented.

关键词： Matrix Converter Unbalanced Grid Venturini Modulation Strategy PI Control RST Control