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A Fermi Energy-Incorporated Framework for Dealing with the Temperature- and Magnetic Field-Dependent Critical Current Densities of Superconductors and Its Application to bi-2212

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2020年第2期10卷 53-70页

作者： Gulshan prakash Malik Vijaya Shankar Varma b-208 Sushant Lok 1 Gurgaon Haryana India 180 Mall Apartments Delhi India

It is well known that the critical current density of a superconductor depends on its size, shape, nature of doping and the manner of preparation. It is suggested here that the collective effect of such differences for different samples of the same superconductor is to endow them with different values of the Fermi energy—a single property to which may be attributed the observed variation in their critical current densities. The study reported here extends our earlier work concerned with the generalized bCS equations [Malik, G.P. (2010) Physica b, 405, 3475-3481;Malik, G.P. (2013) WJCMP, 3,103-110]. We develop here for the first time a framework of microscopic equations that incorporates all of the following parameters of a superconductor: temperature, momentum of Cooper pairs, Fermi energy, applied magnetic field and critical current density. As an application of this framework, we address the different values of critical current densities of bi-2212 for non-zero values of temperature and applied magnetic field that have been reported in the literature.

关键词： Generalized bCS Equations Fermi Energy Critical Current Density Non-Zero Temperatures and Applied Fields bi-2212

心理干预与药物治疗对颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效对比研究

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心理干预与药物治疗对颞下颌关节紊乱病的疗效对比研究

作者： Pankaj prakash 天津医科大学

学位级别：硕士

研究背景：颞下颌关节及相关肌肉的紊乱失调,通常称为颞下颌关节紊乱病（Temporomandibu lar disorders,TMD）,是一组涉及颞下颌关节,咀嚼肌及邻近组织疾病的统称,其病因及临床表现可能各不相同,特征是以面部及颞下颌关节区疼痛、... 详细信息

研究背景：颞下颌关节及相关肌肉的紊乱失调,通常称为颞下颌关节紊乱病（Temporomandibu lar disorders,TMD）,是一组涉及颞下颌关节,咀嚼肌及邻近组织疾病的统称,其病因及临床表现可能各不相同,特征是以面部及颞下颌关节区疼痛、下颌运动异常以及异常关节音为主要临床表现。目前关于颞下颌关节紊乱病的流行病学调查结果差异较明显,但总体呈现女性发病比男性高的现象,其原因可能与女性的社会地位、精神压力以及其就医动机有关。对大多数TMD患者而言,该病症属于关节功能失调,其预后良好;但少数病例也可继续进展,发生器质性改变。同时,多数情况下,发生在关节区或相关肌肉区的疼痛并不是一个显著或者是严重的问题。总的来说,这些状况引起的不适是偶发或暂时的,但可经常反复出现。并且,疼痛在经过简单治疗甚至是未予治疗的情况下便能消失。然而对某些人来讲颞下颌关节紊乱病表现为进行性加重、长期不适的症状。颞下颌关节紊乱综合征主要的临床表现有局部酸胀或疼痛、弹响和运动障碍。疼痛部位可在关节区或关节周围,并可伴有轻重不等的压痛。关节酸胀或疼痛尤以咀嚼及张口时明显。弹响在张口活动时出现,响声可发生在下颌运动的不同阶段,可为清脆的单响声或碎裂的连响声。常见的运动阻碍为张口受限,但也可出现张口过大或张口时下颌偏斜。此外,还可伴有颞部疼痛、头晕、耳鸣等症状。颞-下颌关节紊乱病的心理治疗研究目的：本实验课题以前瞻研究方式,针对在华印度留学生人群中TMD患者,通过设计临床随机对照方案,观察心理干预治疗与传统的抗炎镇痛药物治疗方法对TMD的疗效并进行对比分析。目的在于,为临床针对性地有效治疗TMD提供实验依据。研究方法：颞下颌关节紊乱病研究诊断标准（Research Diagnostic Criteria forTemporomandibular Disorders,RDC/TMD）是Dworkin等于1992年在美国国立牙科研究院的支持下制定的TMD的标准检查、分类方法,为研究者提供了TMD收集和研究的标准化系统,被大多数学者用于TMD的临床研究。该标准对TMD的诊断和分类从躯体疾病和精神心理状况等两方面进行评估症状自评量表SCL-90与STAI量表主要用以评价患者与TMD以及其他非特异性生理症状潜在相关的全面心理评估。本实验临床实验于2013年6月至8月,依托天津医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科实施,所有参与患者均事先知情同意。纳入标准如下：a,年龄超过15岁;b,患者来自印度并且在中国生活少于2年;c,患有颞下颌关节紊乱病;d,有颞下颌关节的疼痛史。选定总计50位来自印度的患者。其中9位病人由于不符合筛选标准而被剔出实验。其余41位患者随机分为3组：分别为实验组,实验对照组及空白对照组,分别各自有20位、13位和8位患者。实验组中的参与者将仅接受心理治疗。实验对照组中的参与者仅接受药物治疗。空白对照组不接受任何治疗。所有患者在治疗前均对下颌运动功能进行测量及记录VAS、S-TAI及SCL-90等量表结果。在治疗后进行相同参数测量得出结果。S-TAI和SCL-90量表的结果的变化在治疗后使用单因素方差分析进行统计学分析。研究结果：基线数据所有实验组和实验对照组的患者在开口度及疼痛VAS主观感受上,在治疗后显著性的改善。对S-AI和T-A1分别进行单因素方差分析,S-AI和T-AI所得P值分别为0.011和0.014,前后结果对比显示有统计学差异。表明有目的的进行心理治疗可对患者的特质焦虑的情况有所改善。对SCL-90的10项因子的结果分别进行单因素方差分析得出相应的结果。因子3（人际关系）,因子9（精神病性）和因子10（其他）末显示治疗前后有统计学差异,P值分别为0.09,0.90和0.06,表明人际关系、精神病性和其他这3个因子在本研究的治疗中未能得到显著性的控制而获得改善。其余7项因子均有显著性差异。讨论：VAS量表视觉模拟评分法（VisualAnalogueScale/Score,简称VAS）：该法简便易行,对于疼痛自评相对比较灵敏,可比性较好。具体做法是：在纸上面划一条10cm的横线,横线的一端为0,表示无痛;另一端为10,表示剧痛;中间部分表示不同程度的疼痛。让病人根据自我感觉在横线上划一记号,表示疼痛的程度。症状自评量表（Self-reporting Inventory）,又名90项症状清单（SCL-90）,时也叫做Hopkin’s症状清单（HSCL,编制年代早于SCL90,作者为同一人,HCSL最早版编于1954年）。于1975年编制,其作者是德若伽提斯（***） o该量表共有90个项目,包含有较广泛的

关键词：颞下颌关节紊乱病颞下颌关节心理治疗状态-特质焦虑量表(S-TAI) 症状自评量表(SCL-90)

Reversed-Phase HPLC Analysis of Steviol Glycosides Isolated from Stevia rebaudiana bertoni

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2014年第17期5卷 1711-1716页

作者： Venkata Sai prakash Chaturvedula Julian Zamora Natural Products Research Group Wisdom Natural Brands Gilbert USA

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) experiments have been performed on nine steviol glycosides namely rebaudioside A, steviolbioside, stevioside, rubusoside, rebaudioside b, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside F, and dulcoside A isolated from the leaves of Stevia rebaudiana using Reversed-Phase (RP) column. Using RP-HPLC method, the individual retention times for nine naturally occurring ent-kaurane diterpene glycosides of S. rebaudiana reported in JECFA have been determined at four different temperatures: 20℃, 40℃, 60℃, and 79℃. Also, calculated the relative retention times of the eight steviol glycosides steviolbioside, stevioside, rubusoside, rebaudioside b, rebaudioside C, rebaudioside D, rebaudioside F, and dulcoside A against the major steviol glycoside rebaudioside A. HPLC results suggested that temperatures 40℃ and 60℃ would be ideal conditions for better separation of steviol glycosides.

关键词： Stevia rebaudiana Asteraceae Diterpene Glycosides Reversed-Phase HPLC Analysis Retention and Relative Retention Times

Fermi Energy-Incorporated Generalized bCS Equations for the Temperature-Dependent Critical Current Density and the Related Parameters of a Superconductor for All <i>T</i>≤ <i>Tc</i>and Their Application to Aluminium Strips

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World Journal of Condensed Matter Physics 2019年第3期9卷 47-61页

作者： Gulshan prakash Malik Vijaya Shankar Varma b-208 Sushant Lok 1 GurgaonHaryanaIndia 180 Mall Apartments Mall RoadDelhiIndia

Presented here are the Generalized bCS Equations incorporating Fermi Energy for the study of the {Δ, Tc, jc(T)} values of both elemental and composite superconductors (SCs) for all T ≤ Tc, where Δ, Tc and jc(T) denote, respectively, one of the gap values, the critical temperature and the T-dependent critical current density. This framework, which extends our earlier study that dealt with the {Δ0, Tc, jc(0)} values of an SC, is also shown to lead to T-dependent values of several other related parameters such as the effective mass of electrons, their number density, critical velocity, Fermi velocity (VF), coherence length and the London penetration depth. The extended framework is applied to the jc(T) data reported by Romijn et al. for superconducting Aluminium strips and is shown not only to provide an alternative to the explanation given by them, but also to some novel features such as the role of the Sommerfeld coefficient γ(T) in the context of jc(T) and the role of VF(T) in the context of a recent finding by Plumb et al. about the superconductivity of bi-2212.

关键词： jc(T) Data for Superconducting Aluminium Strips bardeen’s Equation and Kupriyanov-Lukichev Theory for jc(T) Unified Generalized bCS Equations for {Δ Tc jc(T)} T-Dependence of the Sommerfeld Coefficient and Several Other Superconducting Parameters

Colorectal cancer in Nepal

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Colorectal cancer in Nepal

Si–Ge based vertical tunnel field-effect transistor of junction-less structure with improved sensitivity using dielectric modulation for biosensing applications

第四届中国肿瘤学术大会暨第五届海峡两岸肿瘤学术会议

作者： prakash Raj Neupane b P Koirala Memoril Cancer HospitalNepal

＜正＞Objective :Colorectal cancer is the third most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and women in the United States. In the developing countries like Nepal, there are limitations in diagnosis, treatment facilities and financial abilities for the treatment of cancers. Sincere efforts with these limited facilities can provide satisfactory results in treatment of colo-rectal cancer. Methods: Records of 144 patients with colo-rectal cancer who underwent different types of surgery at the department of surgical oncology from October 1999 to October 2004 were identified. Details history including age, sex, and histology, TNM staging, types of surgery and other investigationai records were documented and analyzed. Results: In 144 patients, males were 81 and females 63, age ranging from 11 years to 76 years. Fifty-two patients were of less than 40 years. Among which 100 patients with rectal, 34 right sided colon and 10 with left sided colon cancers. Histologi-cally 96% were adenocarcinoma. According to TNM staging, 2% of the patients was with stage I,24% stage II, 60% stage III and 14% stage *** of Surgery were: 53 patient underwent anterior perineal resection, 20 low anterior resection, 34 right hemicolectomy, 10 left hemicolectomy, 22 cases colostomy, 7 bypass surgery, 6 laparotomy and one underwent trans anal local excision. Conclusion: The patients were young, 36.1% （52/144） within 40 years, about 83.2% presented at resectable stage （stage III or less） with anal sphincter preservation in 27 % （21/74） in rectal cancer patients.

关键词：

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Chinese Physics b 2023年第12期32卷 644-651页

作者： Lucky Agarwal Varun Mishra Ravi prakash Dwivedi Vishal Goyal Shweta Tripathi School of Electronics Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyChennai 600127India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Graphic Era(deemed to be University) DehradunUttarakhand 248002India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering GLA UniversityMathura 281406India Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Motilal Nehru National Institute of TechnologyAllahabad 211004India

A dielectric modulation strategy for gate oxide material that enhances the sensing performance of biosensors in junction-less vertical tunnel field effect transistors(TFETs)is *** junction-less technique,in which metals with specific work functions are deposited on the source region to modulate the channel conductivity,is used to provide the necessary doping for the proper functioning of the *** simulation studies of the proposed structure and junction structure have been compared,and showed an enhanced rectification of 10^(4) *** proposed structure is designed to have a nanocavity of length 10 nm on the left-and right-hand sides of the fixed gate dielectric,which improves the biosensor capture area,and hence the *** considering neutral and charged biomolecules with different dielectric constants,TCAD simulation studies were compared for their *** off-state current IOFFcan be used as a suitable sensing parameter because it has been observed that the proposed sensor exhibits a significant variation in drain ***,it has been investigated how positively and negatively charged biomolecules affect the drain current and threshold *** explore the device performance when the nanogaps are fully filled,half filled and unevenly filled,extensive TCAD simulations have been *** proposed TFET structure is further benchmarked to other structures to show its better sensing capabilities.

关键词： biomolecules high-k dielectric junction-less vertical tunnel field effect transistor(TFET)

Dynamic Promotional Resource Allocation for Segment Specific and Spectrum Effect of Promotion for a Product Line Incorporating Repeat Purchase behavior

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American Journal of Operations Research 2013年第3期3卷 350-362页

作者： prakash Chandra Jha Prerna Manik Anshu Gupta Department of Operational Research University of Delhi Delhi India SbPPSE Dr. B.R. Ambedkar University Delhi India

Promotion is an essential element in the marketing mix. It is used by businesses to inform, influence and persuade customers to adopt the products and services they offer. Without promotion, business would be stagnant and lack substantial growth because the brands would have low visibility in the market. Moreover, today’s vast and assorted markets comprise of customers with different needs and varied behavior. So it is rarely possible for companies to satisfy all customers by treating them alike. Thus there arises a need to divide the market into segments having customers with similar traits/characteristics. After identifying appropriate market segments, firms can design differentiated promotional campaigns for each segment. At the same time there can be a mass market promotional campaign that reaches different segments with a fixed spectrum. Also since promotional effort resources are limited, one must use them judiciously. In this paper, we formulate mathematical programming problem under repeat purchase scenario, which optimally allocates mass promotional effort resources and differentiated promotional effort resources across the segments dynamically in order to maximize the overall sales obtained from multiple products of a product line under budgetary and minimum sales aspiration level constraint on each product under consideration in each segment. The planning horizon is divided into multi periods, the adoption pattern of each product in each segment is observed in every subinterval and accordingly promotional effort allocations are determined for the next period till we reach the end of planning period. The optimization model has been further extended to incorporate minimum aspiration level constraints on total sales for each product under consideration from all the segments taken together. The non linear programming problem so formulated is solved using differential evolution approach. A numerical example has been discussed to illustrate applicability of the

关键词： Market Segmentation Differentiated Market Promotion Mass Market Promotion Spectrum Effect Promotional Effort Allocation Repeat Purchase Product Line Non Linear Programming Problem Differential Evolution

boronic acid-containing diarylpyrimidine derivatives as novel HIV-1NNRTIs: Design, synthesis and biological evaluation

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2021年第12期32卷 4053-4057页

作者： Da Feng Fenju Wei Yanying Sun Prem prakash Sharma Tao Zhang Hao Lin brijesh Rathi Erik De Clercq Christophe Pannecouque Dongwei Kang Peng Zhan Xinyong Liu Department of Medicinal Chemistry Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology(Ministry of Education)School of Pharmaceutical SciencesCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJi'nan 250012China Laboratory for Translational Chemistry and Drug Discovery Department of ChemistryHansraj CollegeUniversity of DelhiDelhi 110007India Rega Institute for Medical Research Laboratory of Virology and ChemotherapyK.U.LeuvenLeuven B-3000Belgium China-belgium Collaborative Research Center for Innovative Antiviral Drugs of Shandong Province Ji'nan 250012China Suzhou Research Institute Shandong UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Drug resistance remains to be a serious problem with type Ⅰ human immunodeficiency virus(HIV-1) nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors(NNRTIs). A series of novel boronic acid-containing diarylpyrimidine(DAPY) derivatives were designed via bioisosterism and scaffold-hopping strategies,taking advantage of the ability of a boronic acid group to form multiple hydrogen bonds. The target compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their anti-HIV activities and cytotoxicity in MT-4 *** 10 j yielded the most potent activity and turned out to be a single-digit nanomolar inhibitor towards the HIV-1 Ⅲb [wild-type(WT) strain], L100 I and K103 N strains, with 50% effective concentration(EC_(50)) values of 7.19–9.85 nmol/L. Moreover, 10 j inhibited the double-mutant strain RES056 with an EC_(50) value of 77.9 nmol/L, which was 3.3-more potent than that of EFV(EC_(50)= 260 nmol/L) and comparable to that of ETR(EC_(50)= 32.2 nmol/L). 10j acted like classical NNRTIs with high affinity for WT HIV-1 reverse transcriptase(RT) with 50% inhibition concentration(IC_(50)) value of 0.1837 μmol/L. Furthermore,molecular dynamics simulation indicated that 10 j was proposed as a promising molecule for fighting against HIV-1 infection through inhibiting RT activity. Overall, the results demonstrated that 10 j could serve as a lead molecule for further modification to address virus-drug resistance.

关键词： HIV-1 NNRTIs NNIbP DAPY boronic acid Molecular dynamics simulation

bulk Viscous Anisotropic Cosmological Models with Generalized Chaplygin Gas with Time Varying Gravitational and Cosmological Constants

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Natural Science 2015年第6期7卷 312-323页

作者： Shubha Kotambkar Gyan prakash Singh Rupali Kelkar Department of Applied Mathematics Laxminarayan Institute of Technology Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University Nagpur India Department of Mathematics Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology Nagpur India Department of Applied Mathematics S. B. Jain Institute of Technology Management and Research Nagpur India

This paper is devoted to studying the generalized Chaplygin gas models in bianchi type III space- time geometry with time varying bulk viscosity, cosmological and gravitational constants. We are considering the condition on metric potential . Also to obtain deterministic models we have considered physically reasonable relations like , and the equation of state for generalized Chaplygin gas given by . A new set of exact solutions of Einstein’s field equations has been obtained in Eckart theory, truncated theory and full causal theory. Physical behaviour of the models has been discussed.

关键词： bianchi Type III bulk Viscosity Cosmological Constant Gravitational Constant Generalized Chaplygin Gas