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Role of beneficial microbial gene pool in mitigating salt/nutrient stress of plants in saline soils through underground phytostimulating signalling molecules

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Pedosphere 2023年第1期33卷 153-171页

作者： Shalini TIWARI Barkha SHARMA Neha BISHT lakshmi tewari Department of Microbiology College of Basic Science&HumanitiesG.B.Pant University of Agriculture&TechnologyPantnagarUttarakhand 263145India

Soil salinity diminishes soil health and reduces crop yield,which is becoming a major global *** stress is one of the primary stresses,leading to several other secondary stresses that restrict plant growth and soil *** major secondary stresses induced in plants under saline-alkaline conditions include osmotic stress,nutrient limitation,and ionic stress,all of which negatively impact overall plant *** stressed conditions,certain beneficial soil microflora are known to have evolved phytostimulating mechanisms,such as the synthesis of osmoprotectants,siderophores,1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC)deaminase activity,phosphate solubilization,and hormone production,which enhance plant growth and development while mitigating nutrient *** soil-borne bacterial species such as Bacillus,Pseudomonas,and Klebsiella and fungal strains such as Trichoderma,Aspergillus,Penicillium,Alternaria,and Fusarium also aid in reducing salinity ***-solubilizing microorganisms also assist in nutrient acquisition via both enzymatic and non-enzymatic *** the case of enzymatic processes,they produce different enzymes such as alkaline phosphatases and phytases,whereas non-enzymatic processes produce organic acids such as gluconic,citric,malic,and oxalic *** native halotolerant/halophilic soil microbial gene pool with multifunctional traits and stress-induced gene expression can be developed as suitable bio-inoculants to enhance stress tolerance and optimize plant growth in saline soils.

关键词： abiotic stress crop improvement gene expression halotolerant microbial diversity phosphate solubilization plant growth promoting traits soil health

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Liquid injectivity in a SAG foam process:Effect of permeability

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Petroleum Science 2024年第1期21卷 302-314页

作者： Jia-Kun Gong Yuan Wang Ridhwan-Zhafri B.Kamarul Bahrim Raj-Deo tewari Mohammad-Iqbal Mahamad Amir Rouhi Farajzadeh William Rossen College of Mechanics and Materials Hohai UniversityNanjing210098JiangsuChina College of Water Conservancy&Hydropower Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098JiangsuChina PETRONAS Kuala Lumpur50088Malaysia Department of Geoscience and Engineering Delft University of Technology2628 CNDelftthe Netherlands Shell Global Solutions International B.V. 1031 HWAmsterdamthe Netherlands

Foam is utilized in enhanced oil recovery and CO_(2) ***-alternating-gas(SAG)is a preferred approach for placing foam into reservoirs,due to it enhances gas injection and minimizes corrosion in *** previous studies with similar permeability cores show that during SAG injection,several banks occupy the area near the well where fluid exhibits distinct ***,underground reservoirs are heterogeneous,often *** is crucial to understand the effect of permeability on fluid behaviour and injectivity in a SAG *** this work,coreflood experiments are conducted in cores with permeabilities ranging from 16 to 2300 *** observe the same sequence of banks in cores with different ***,the speed at which banks propagate and their overall mobility can vary depending on *** higher permeabilities,the gas-dissolution bank and the forced-imbibition bank progress more rapidly during liquid *** total mobilities of both banks decrease with *** utilizing a bank-propagation model,we scale up our experimental findings and compare them to results obtained using the Peaceman *** findings reveal that the liquid injectivity in a SAG foam process is misestimated by conventional simulators based on the Peaceman *** lower the formation permeability,the greater the error.

关键词： Foam Enhanced oil recovery Surfactant-alternating-gas Injectivity Permeability

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A Study to Observe Pulse Pressure Variation after Induction with Propofol for General Anesthesia

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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第5期14卷 343-350页

作者： Kunal tewari Vibhu Raghuvanshi Deepak Mishra Nitin Pahuja Maj Jyotsna Om Bahadur Thapa Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Armed Forces Medical College Pune India Chauhan Medicity and Trauma Centre Pathankot India Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Command Hospital (Southern Command) Pune India

Background and Aims: Pulse pressure variation (PPV) is a reliable and predictive dynamic parameter presently being utilized for fluid responsiveness. In the operating room, fluid administration based on PPV monitoring helps the physician in deciding whether to volume resuscitate or use interventions in patients undergoing surgery. Propofol is an intravenous induction agent which lowers blood pressure. There are multiple causes such as depression in cardiac output, and peripheral vasodilatation for hypotension. We undertook this study to observe the utility of PPV as a guide to fluid therapy after propofol induction. Primary outcome of our study was to monitor PPV as a marker of fluid responsiveness for the hypotension caused by propofol induction. Secondary outcome included the correlation of PPV with other hemodynamic parameters like heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP);after induction with propofol at regular interval of time. Methods: A total number of 90 patients were recruited. Either of the radial artery was then cannulated under local anaesthesia with 20G VygonLeadercath arterial cannula and invasive monitoring transduced. A baseline recording of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and PPV was then recorded. Patients were then induced with predetermined doses of propofol (2 mg/kg) and recordings of HR, SBP, DBP, and PPV were taken at 5, 10 and 15 minutes. Results: Intraoperatively, PPV was significantly higher at 5 minutes and significantly lower at 15 minutes after induction. It was observed that there were no statistically significant correlations between PPV and SBP or DBP. PPV was strongly and directly associated with HR. Conclusion: We were able to establish that PPV predicts fluid responsiveness in hypotension caused by propofol induction;and can be used to administer fluid therapy in managing such hypotension. However, PPV was not directly correlated with hypotensi

关键词： Pulse Pressure Variation (PPV) Propofol Fluid Responsiveness

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A Comparative Study between Landmark Based and Real Time Ultrasound Guided Sub Arachnoid Block

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第4期14卷 118-125页

作者： Kunal tewari Om Bahadur Thapa Deepak Mishra Manjot Multani Jyotsna Sharma Akash Ray Mohapatra Sandhya Khwaunju Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Armed Forces Medical College Pune India Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care AFMC Pune India

Background: Sub arachnoid block (SAB) performed by traditional landmark palpation technique can be inaccurate. This problem is exacerbated by altered patient anatomy due to obesity and age-related changes. A pre-procedural ultrasound scan of the lumbar spine has been shown to be of benefit in guiding lumbar epidural insertion in obstetric patients. Information on the use of real-time ultrasound (RUS) guided SAB, to date, been limited. This study compared RUS guided SAB to traditional landmark guided technique in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia for different surgical procedures. Methods: This was a prospective, single center, comparative observational study conducted in the department of anesthesiology at our center. 560 patients who underwent spinal anesthesia either by landmark based technique or real-time ultrasound-guided methods. The primary outcome was the first attempt success rate of dural puncture when employing the two methods. Results: Baseline characteristics were similar in the two study groups. The first attempt success rate of dural puncture in landmark guided group was 64.3% compared to 72.6% in the ultrasound guided group. This difference was not statistically significant. The procedure performance time was significantly shorter with landmark palpation compared to use of real-time ultrasound guided method. Conclusion: Use of RUS-guided technique does not significantly improve the first attempt success rate of SAB dural puncture during spinal anesthesia compared to the traditional landmark-guided technique.

关键词： Sub Arachnoid Block (SAB) Real Time Ultrasound (RUS)

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Comparison of efficacy of lung ultrasound and chest X-ray in diagnosing pulmonary edema and pleural effusion in ICU patients: A single centre, prospective, observational study

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Open Journal of Anesthesiology 2024年第3期14卷 41-50页

作者： Kunal tewari Sumanth Pelluru Deepak Mishra Nitin Pahuja Akash Ray Mohapatra Jyotsna Sharma Om Bahadur Thapa Manjot Multani Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Armed Forces Medical College Pune India Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Military Hospital Bhopal India

Background and Aims While chest X-ray (CXR) has been a conventional tool in intensive care units (ICUs) to identify lung pathologies, computed tomography (CT) scan remains the gold standard. Use of lung ultrasound (LUS) in resource-rich ICUs is still under investigation. The present study compares the utility of LUS to that of CXR in identifying pulmonary edema and pleural effusion in ICU patients. In addition, consolidation and pneumothorax were analyzed as secondary outcome measures. Material and Methods This is a prospective, single centric, observational study. Patients admitted in ICU were examined for lung pathologies, using LUS by a trained intensivist;and CXR done within 4 hours of each other. The final diagnosis was ascertained by an independent senior radiologist, based on the complete medical chart including clinical findings and the results of thoracic CT, if available. The results were compared and analyzed. Results Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of LUS was 95%, 94.4%, 94.67% for pleural effusion;and 98.33%, 97.78%, 98.00% for pulmonary edema respectively. Corresponding values with CXR were 48.33%, 76.67%, 65.33% for pleural effusion;and 36.67%, 82.22% and 64.00% for pulmonary edema respectively. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of LUS was 91.30%, 96.85%, 96.00% for consolidation;and 100.00%, 79.02%, 80.00% for pneumothorax respectively. Corresponding values with CXR were 60.87%, 81.10%, 78.00% for consolidation;and 71.3%, 97.20%, 96.00% for pneumothorax respectively. Conclusion LUS has better diagnostic accuracy in diagnosis of pleural effusion and pulmonary edema when compared with CXR and is thus recommended as an effective alternative for diagnosis of these conditions in acute care settings. Our study recommends that a thoracic CT scan can be avoided in most of such cases.

关键词： Chest X ray (CXR) Consolidation Pulmonary edema Pleural effusion Lung ultrasound (LUS) Pneumothorax

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Effects of mechanical vibration on the physical,metallurgical and mechanical properties of cast A308(LM21)aluminum alloy

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第6期29卷 1206-1215页

作者： Siddharth Yadav S.P.tewari J.K.Singh S.C.Ram Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi 221005India Department of Metallurgical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology(BHU)Varanasi 221005India

This study investigated the microstructure,physical,and mechanical properties of die-cast A308 alloy subjected to mechanical vibration during *** frequencies(0,20,30,40,and 50 Hz)at constant amplitude(31μm)were employed using a power amplifier as the power input device.X-ray diffraction,optical microscopy,and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the morphological changes in the cast samples under stationary and vibratory *** features of the castings were evaluated using Image J *** average values of metallurgical features,including primaryα-Al grain size,dendrite arm spacing,average area of eutectic silicon,aspect ratio,and percentage porosity,reduced by 34%,59%,56%,22%,and 62%,respectively,at 30 Hz frequency compared with stationary *** tests of the cast samples showed that the yield strength(YS),ultimate tensile strength(UTS),percentage elongation(%EL),and microhardness(HV)increased by 8%,13%,17%,and 16%,respectively,at 30 Hz frequency compared with stationary *** fractured surface of the tensile specimens exhibited mixed-mode fracture behavior because of brittle facets,cleavage facets,ductile tearing,and dimple *** presence of small dimples showed that plastic deformation occurred before fracture.

关键词： mechanical vibration microstructures microhardness tensile strength fractography

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Significance of pathological positive superior mesenteric/portal venous invasion in pancreatic cancer

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2016年第6期15卷 572-578页

作者： Mallika tewari Hepato Pancreatico Biliary and Gastrointestinal Division Department of Surgical OncologyInstitute of Medical SciencesBanaras Hindu University

BACKGROUND： Pancreaticoduodenectomy with superior mesenteric/portal venous resection for pancreatic ductal ad- enocarcinoma （PDAC） is frequently performed with no added morbidity or mortality in case of tumor abutment to the superior mesenteric or portal vein so as to obtain a margin negative resection. True histopathological portal vein invasion is found only in a small subset of such patients. The aim of this review aimed to discuss the significance of histopathological venous invasion in *** SOURCES： For this review available data was searched from PubMed and analyzed. No randomized trials have been published on this topic. RESULTS： Existing data on prognostic factors in histopathological venous invasion by PDAC are limited and recent studies indicate worse survival in this subgroup of patients. In addition, venous invasion in PDAC has been associated with large tumors, involved lymph nodes, perineural invasion and R1 resection. The survival of patients with portal venous re- section but without histologic venous invasion is reportedly better than those with histopathological venous invasion; though conflicting studies do exist on the subject. Some studies also relate the depth of venous invasion to prognosis after surgical resection of PDAC. CONCLUSIONS： Frank/＇histopathological＇ invasion of superior mesenteric/portal venous and R1 resection indicate a very poor survival. Such patients may be given the opportunity of benefit of neoadjuvant treatment.

关键词： pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma superior mesenteric/portal venous invasion histologic venous invasion prognosis survival

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Lightweight convolutional neural network models for semanticsegmentation of in-field cotton bolls

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Artificial Intelligence in Agriculture 2023年第2期8卷 1-19页

作者： Naseeb Singh V.K.tewari P.K.Biswas L.K.Dhruw Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering IIT KharagpurKharagpur 721302India Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication Engineering IIT KharagpurKharagpur 721302India

Robotic harvesting of cotton bolls will incorporate the benefits of manual picking as well as mechanical harvesting. For robotic harvesting, in-field cotton segmentation with minimal errors is desirable which is a challengingtask. In the present study, three lightweight fully convolutional neural network models were developed for thesemantic segmentation of in-field cotton bolls. Model 1 does not include any residual or skip connections,while model 2 consists of residual connections to tackle the vanishing gradient problem and skip connectionsfor feature concatenation. Model 3 along with residual and skip connections, consists of filters of multiplesizes. The effects of filter size and the dropout rate were studied. All proposed models segment the cotton bollssuccessfully with the cotton-IoU (intersection-over-union) value of above 88.0%. The highest cotton-IoU of91.03% was achieved by model 2. The proposed models achieved F1-score and pixel accuracy values greaterthan 95.0% and 98.0%, respectively. The developed models were compared with existing state-of-the-art networks namely VGG19, ResNet18, EfficientNet-B1, and InceptionV3. Despite having a limited number of trainableparameters, the proposed models achieved mean-IoU (mean intersection-over-union) of 93.84%, 94.15%, and94.65% against the mean-IoU values of 95.39%, 96.54%, 96.40%, and 96.37% obtained using state-of-the-art networks. The segmentation time for the developed models was reduced up to 52.0% compared to state-of-theart networks. The developed lightweight models segmented the in-field cotton bolls comparatively faster andwith greater accuracy. Hence, developed models can be deployed to cotton harvesting robots for real-time recognition of in-field cotton bolls for harvesting.

关键词： Cotton Semantic segmentation Convolutional neural network Robotic harvesting Image segmentation Deep learning

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Carbon sequestration in Chir-Pine(Pinus roxburghii Sarg.) forests under various disturbance levels in Kumaun Central Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2014年第2期25卷 401-405页

作者： Harshit Pant Ashish tewari Department of Forestry & Environmental Sciences D.S.B. CampusKumaun University

We studied variations in tree biomass and carbon sequestration rates of Chir Pine （Pinus roxburghii. Sarg.） forest in three categories of forest disturbance, protected, moderately disturbed, and highly disturbed. In the first year, total biomass was ***-1 in highly disturbed site, 94.46 ***-1 in moderately disturbed forest, and 112.0 ***-1 in protected forest. The soil organic carbon in the top 20 cm of soil ranged from 0.63 to 1.2%. The total rate of carbon sequestration was 0.60 （t/ha）.a-lon the highly disturbed site, 1.03 （t/ha）a-1 on the moderately disturbed site, and 4.3 （t/ha）.a-1 on the protectedsite. Keywords： carbon sequestration, soil organic carbon （SOC）, disturbed forest, vegetation analysis, allometric equations

关键词： carbon sequestration soil organic carbon (SOC) disturbed forest vegetation analysis allometric equations

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Heartwood, sapwood and bark content of teak trees grown in Karnataka, India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2013年第4期24卷 721-725页

作者： Vindhya Prasad tewari K.M.Mariswamy Institute of Wood Science and Technology

We evaluated heartwood, sapwood and bark content in teak trees. A total of 27 sample plots were laid out in teak plantations raised by State Forest Department in Kamataka covering different age groups （11-36 years）, density （516-2061 trees/ha） and sites. From these planta- tions, a total of 130 trees were felled for estimating the yield and bark content in relation to diameter at breast height （DBH）, age and density. Bark content ranged from 22.2%-54.3%. Heartwood and sapwood con- tent were analyzed by sampling five trees each from two different planta- tions, one 30 years old at 553 ***-1 and the other 32 years old at 911 ***-1. The highest heartwood proportion of stem wood volume （over-bark） was 56.3% and the lowest was 37.1%.

关键词： diameter at breast height (DBH) age stand density heart-wood sapwood bark teak India

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