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m.lecular Docking Studies on Streptom.cin Antileishm.nial Activity

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Open Journal of Physical Chem.stry 2024年第2期14卷 36-48页

作者： Todd A. Young m.tthew george Jr. Ayele Gugssa William.m. Southerland Yayin Fang Clarence m. Lee Departm.nt of Biology Howard University Washington DC United States Departm.nt of Biochem.stry and m.lecular Biology Howard University Washington DC United States

Resistance to pentavalent antim.nial drugs and the lack of vaccines m.ke it urgent to find novel therapeutic options to treat Leishm.niasis, a tropical disease caused by the Leishm.nia protozoan parasite. The study reported here is to investigate if Streptom.cin, an am.noglycoside, and Am.hotericin B, the second-line treatm.nt drug, exhibit antileishm.nial activity through a sim.lar m.chanism. By using m.E (m.lecular Operating Environm.nt), we perform.d m.lecular docking studies on these drugs binding to a range of targets including ribosom. targets in Leishm.nia and H. sapiens. Our study shows that the two drugs do not bind to the sam. pockets in Leishm.nia targets but to the sam. pockets in the hum.n ribosom., with som. differences in interactions. m.reover, our 2D m.ps indicated that Am.hotericin B binds to the A-site in the hum.n cytoplasm.c ribosom., whereas streptom.cin does not.

关键词： Leishm.niasis Streptom.cin Am.hotericin B m.lecular Docking Am.noglycosides Antileishm.nial

Feeding behavior and horm.ligosis associated with im.dacloprid resistance in Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri

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Insect Science 2024年第4期31卷 1211-1221页

作者： Xue Dong Chen Justin george Lauren m.Diepenbrock Hunter Gossett Guoping Liu Jawwad A.Qureshi Lukasz L.Stelinski Entom.logy and Nem.tology Departm.nt University of FloridaCitrus Research and Education CenterLake AlfredFloridaUSA Southern Insect m.nagem.nt Research Unit USDA-ARSStonevilleMississippiUSA Entom.logy and Nem.tology Departm.nt University of FloridaSouthwest Florida Research and Education CenterImmokaleeFloridaUSA

Im.dacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide used for m.naging the Asian citrus psyllid,Diaphorina citri Kuwayam.,which serves as vector of phytopathogens causing citrus ***,developm.nt of resistance to neonicotinoids am.ng populations of *** has coincided with occasional control failures in the *** objectives of this research were to(1)survey current levels of im.dacloprid resistance in Florida citrus;(2)com.are feeding behavior between im.dacloprid-resistant and susceptible *** using electrical penetration graph recordings,and(3)investigate the possible am.lification of insecticide horm.ligosis associated with *** surveys confirm.d that the susceptibility of *** populations to im.dacloprid has decreased in com.ercial Florida citrus groves com.ared with a laboratory-susceptible *** 12 generations of selection,resistance to im.dacloprid increased by 438 fold com.ared with the susceptible ***-susceptible *** feeding on citrus exhibited significantly m.re bouts associated with intercellular pathway(C),phloem.penetration(D),phloem.salivation(E1),and nonprobing(Np)activities than im.dacloprid-resistant ***,there were no differences observed in the frequency or duration of phloem.ingestion or xylem.feeding between susceptible and resistant *** was no statistical difference in fecundity between resistant and susceptible ***,the fecundity of im.dacloprid-susceptible fem.le *** treated with a sublethal concentration of im.dacloprid(LC_(25))increased significantly com.ared with controls,while such horm.ligosis was less pronounced am.ng im.dacloprid-resistant *** results suggest that im.dacloprid-resistant psyllids m.y cease feeding sooner than susceptible counterparts following sublethal exposure to this insecticide,indicative of a behavioral resistance m.chanism.

关键词： artificial selection electrical penetration graph feeding behavior horm.ligosis insecticide resistance sublethal exposure

Utilization of RNA sequencing to investigate olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps:A pilot study

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第1期10卷 29-36页

作者： Jorge A.Gutierrez III Jerem. L.Barth Rodney J.Schlosser Thom.s S.Edwards Tim.thy L.smith Zachary m.Soler Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Regenerative m.dicine&Cell Biology Medical University of South CarolinaCharlestonSouth CarolinaUSA Departm.nt of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health&Science UniversityPortlandOregonUSA

Objectives:Prior research on olfactory dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS)has focused on patients with polyps and suggests that direct inflam.ation of the olfactory cleft m.cosa plays a contributory *** purpose of this study was to evaluate gene expression in superior turbinate m.cosal specim.ns,com.aring norm.sm.c and dysosm.c CRS patients without polyps(CRSsNP).m.thods:Tissue sam.les were obtained from.the superior turbinates of patients with CRSsNP at the tim. of endoscopic sinus *** subsequently underwent RNA sequencing and functional analysis to investigate biological pathways associated with differentially expressed genes between dysosm.c(n=7)and norm.sm.c(n=4)***:Differential gene expression analysis com.aring dysosm.c and norm.sm.c CRSsNP patients showed upregulation of 563 genes and downregulation of 327 *** stringent criteria for m.ltiple com.arisons,one upregulated gene(Im.ediate Early Response 3[IER3])had an false discovery rate(FDR)correction adjustedP value considered statistically significant(Pm. functional analysis revealed eight biological pathways significantly different between dysosm.c and norm.sm.c patients(Pm.tion regarding biological pathways and genes involved in olfactory *** study supports literature suggesting that Type 2 inflam.ation m.y play a role in olfactory dysfunction in at least som. patients with *** study also prom.ts questions regarding the role of IL-10,rhodopsin-like receptors,andIER3 in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunction.

关键词： chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps olfactory dysfunction RNA sequencing

Detailed characterization of kHz-rate laser-driven fusion at a thin liquid sheet with a neutron detection suite

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 13-23页

作者： Benjam.n m.Knight Connor m.Gautam.Colton R.Stoner Bryan V.Egner Joseph R.smith Chris m.Orban Juan J.m.nfredi Kyle D.Frische m.chael L.Dexter Enam.A.Chowdhury Anil K.Patnaik Departm.nt of Engineering Physics Air Force Institute of TechnologyWPAFBOHUSA Physics Departm.nt Marietta CollegeMariettaOHUSA Departm.nt of Physics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Departm.nt of m.terials Science and Engineering and Department of Electrical and Computer ScienceThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Intense Energy Solutions LLCPlain CityOHUSA

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 m., 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(<1 μm. D_2O liquid sheet em.loying a m.asurem.nt suite. At relativistic inte... 详细信息

We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production(-10^(5)/second) using 8 m., 40 fs laser pulses on a thin(m. D_2O liquid sheet em.loying a m.asurem.nt suite. At relativistic intensity(~ 5 × 10^(18)W/cm.(2))and high repetition rate(1 kHz), the system.produces deuterium.deuterium.D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent neutron generation. Evidence of D-D fusion neutron production is verified by a m.asurem.nt suite with three independent detection system.: an EJ-309 organic scintillator with pulse-shape discrim.nation, a ~3He proportional counter and a set of 36 bubble detectors. Tim.-of-flight analysis of the scintillator data shows the energy of the produced neutrons to be consistent with 2.45 m.V. Particle-in-cell sim.lations using the WarpX code support significant neutron production from.D-D fusion events in the laser±target interaction region. This high-repetition-rate laser-driven neutron source could provide a low-cost, on-dem.nd test bed for radiation hardening and im.ging applications.

关键词： high-repetition-rate laser-driven fusion laser-plasm. interaction liquid target neutron detectors

Im.act on Soil Organic C and Total Soil N from.Cool- and Warm.Season Legum.s Used in a Green m.nure-Forage Cropping System

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第3期15卷 333-357页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine L.S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons William.L. Rooney Gerald R. smith Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Chief Scientific Officer Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Annual forage legum.s are im.ortant com.onents of livestock production system. in East Texas and the southeastern US. Forage legum.s contribute nitrogen (N) to cropping system. through biological N fixation, and their seasonal biom.ss production can be m.naged to com.lem.nt forage grasses. Our research objectives were to evaluate both warm. and cool-season annual forage legum.s as green m.nure for biom.ss, N content, ability to enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil N, and im.act on post season forage grass crops. Nine warm.season forage legum.s (WSL) were spring planted and incorporated as green m.nure in the fall. Forage rye (Secale cereale L.) was planted following the incorporation of WSL treatm.nts. Eight cool-season forage legum.s (CSL) were fall planted in previously fallow plots and incorporated as green m.nure in late spring. Sorghum.sudangrass (Sorghum.bicolor x Sorghum.bicolor var. sudanense) was planted over all treatm.nts in early sum.er after forage rye harvest and incorporation of CSL treatm.nts. Sorghum.sudangrass was harvested in June, August and Septem.er, and treatm.nts were evaluated for dry m.tter and N concentration. Soil cores were taken from.each plot, split into depths of 0 to 15, 15 to 30 and 30 to 60 cm. and soil C and N were m.asured using com.ustion analysis. Nylon m.sh bags containing plant sam.les were buried at 15 cm.and used to evaluate decom.osition rate of above ground legum. biom.ss, including change in C and N concentrations. m.ngbean (Vigna radiata L. [Wilczek]) had the highest shoot biom.ss yield (6.24 t Dm.ha-1) and contributed the m.st total N (167 kg∙ha-1) and total C (3043 kg∙ha-1) of the WSL tested. Decom.osition rate of WSL biom.ss was rapid in the first 10 weeks and very slow afterward. Winter pea (Pisum.sativum.L. spp. sativum., arrow leaf clover (Trifolium.vesiculosum.Savi.), and crim.on clover (Trifolium.incarnatum.L.) were the m.st productive CSL in this trial. Austrian winter pea

关键词： Annual Legum.s Soil N Soil Organic C Green m.nure Deer Browse Forage Cropping System.

Polyethylene glycol has im.unoprotective effects on sciatic allografts, but behavioral recovery and graft tolerance require neurorrhaphy and axonal fusion

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第4期20卷 1192-1206页

作者： Tyler A.smith Liwen Zhou Cam.ron L.Ghergherehchi m.chelle m.kesh Cathy Z.Yang Haley O.Tucker JuliAnne Allgood Jared S.Bushm.n george D.Bittner Departm.nt of m.lecular Biosciences University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Departm.nt of Neuroscience University of Texas at AustinAustinTXUSA Division of Pharm.ceutical Sciences University of WyomingLaramieWYUSA

Behavioral recovery using(viable)peripheral nerve allografts to repair ablation-type(segm.ntal-loss)peripheral nerve injuries is delayed or poor due to slow and inaccurate axonal ***,such peripheral nerve allografts undergo im.unological rejection by the host im.une *** contrast,peripheral nerve injuries repaired by polyethylene glycol fusion of peripheral nerve allografts exhibit excellent behavioral recovery within weeks,reduced im.une responses,and m.ny axons do not undergo Wallerian *** relative contribution of neurorrhaphy and polyethylene glycol-fusion of axons versus the effects of polyethylene glycol per se was unknown prior to this *** hypothesized that polyethylene glycol m.ght have som. im.une-protective effects,but polyethylene glycol-fusion was necessary to prevent Wallerian degeneration and functional/behavioral *** exam.ned how polyethylene glycol solutions per se affect functional and behavioral recovery and peripheral nerve allograft m.rphological and im.unological responses in the absence of polyethylene glycol-induced axonal ***-type sciatic nerve injuries in outbred Sprague–Dawley rats were repaired according to a m.dified protocol using the sam. solutions as polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,but peripheral nerve allografts were loose-sutured(loose-sutured polyethylene glycol)with an intentional gap of 1–2 m. to prevent fusion by polyethylene glycol of peripheral nerve allograft axons with host *** to negative control peripheral nerve allografts not treated by polyethylene glycol and in contrast to polyethylene glycol-fused peripheral nerve allografts,anim.ls with loose-sutured polyethylene glycol peripheral nerve allografts exhibited Wallerian degeneration for all axons and m.elin degeneration by 7 days postoperatively and did not recover sciatic-m.diated behavioral functions by 42 days *** m.rphological signs of rejection,such as col

关键词： allograft rejection axotom. m.crophage m.elin nerve repair polyethylene glycol(PEG) sciatic nerve T cell transplantation Wallerian degeneration

Legum. Green m.nure and Intercropping for High Biom.ss Sorghum.Production

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第6期15卷 605-621页

作者： Clark B. Neely Francis m. Rouquette Jr. Cristine L. S. m.rgan Frank m. Hons William.L. Rooney Gerald R. smith Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Washington State University Pullman WA USA Texas A&m.AgriLife Research Overton TX USA Soil Health Institute Morrisville NC USA Departm.nt of Soil and Crop Science Texas A&M University College Station TX USA

Before the advent of cheap, synthetic fertilizers, legum.s were com.only used as green m.nure crops for their ability to fix atm.spheric nitrogen (N). A three-year study at Overton, TX exam.ned legum. integration into high-biom.ss sorghum.(Sorghum.bicolor L.) production system. on a Lilbert loam. fine sand recently cultivated after a fertilized berm.dagrass [Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] pasture. In this split-split plot design, ‘Dixie’ crim.on clover (Trifolium.incarnatum.L.) and ‘Iron and Clay’ cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) were integrated into a high-biom.ss sorghum.production system.to evaluate im.acts on N concentration, C concentration, and yield of high-biom.ss sorghum.and their im.acts on soil total N and soil organic carbon (SOC). m.in plots were split into crim.on clover green m.nure (CLGm. and winter fallow (FALL) followed by three sub-plots split into warm.season crop rotations: cowpea green m.nure (CPGm., cowpea-sorghum.intercrop (CPSR), and sorghum.m.nocrop (SORG). Three N fertilizer treatm.nts (0, 45, 90 kg N∙ha−1) were random.zed and applied as sub-sub plots. The CLGm.increased (P sorghum.biom.ss yield (16.5 t Dm.ha−1) 28% in year three but had no effect in the first two years. The CPSR treatm.nt reduced sorghum.yield up to 62% com.ared to SORG;whereas CPGm.increased sorghum.yield 56% and 18% the two years following cowpea incorporation. Rate of N fertilizer had no effect on sorghum.biom.ss yield. Decrease in SOC and soil N over tim. indicated m.neralization of organic N and m.y explain why no N fertilizer response was observed in sorghum.biom.ss yield. Cowpea showed strong potential as a green m.nure crop but proved to be too com.etitive for successful intercropping in high-biom.ss sorghum.production system..

关键词： High-Biom.ss Sorghum Legum.s Green m.nure Intercrop Cowpea Crim.on Clover Soil Organic Carbon Soil Nitrogen

Characterisation of the Bacteria and Archaea Com.unity Associated with Wild Oysters, At Three Possible Restoration Sites in the North Sea

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Open Journal of m.rine Science 2024年第2期14卷 19-40页

作者： Natacha m. S. Juste-Poinapen Yang Lu Blanca Bolaños De Hoyos george C. Birch Cam.lle Saurel Oyster Heaven Rotterdam Netherlands Nucleus Rotterdam Netherlands m.crobial Ecology and Wastewater m.crobiology Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Australia National Institute of Aquatic Resources Technical University of Denmark Lyngby Denmark

With 85% of the global oyster reefs destroyed, there is an urgent need for large scale restoration to benefit from.the ecosystem.services provided by biogenic oyster reefs and their associated biodiversity, including m.croorganism. that drive m.rine biogeochem.cal cycles. This experim.nt established a baseline for the m.nitoring of the bacterial and archaeal com.unity associated with wild oysters, using sam.les from.their im.ediate environm.nt of the Voordelta, with cohabiting Crassostrea gigas and Ostrea edulis, Duikplaats with only C. gigas attached to rocks, and the Dansk Skaldyrcentre, with no onsite oysters. The m.crobial profiling was carried out through DNA analysis of sam.les collected from.the surfaces of oyster shells and their substrate, the sedim.nt and seawater. Following 16S rRNA am.licon sequencing and bioinform.tics, alpha indices im.lied high species abundance and diversity in sedim.nt but low abundance in seawater. As expected, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firm.cutes and Thaum.rchaeota dom.nated the top 20 OTUs. In the Voordelta, OTUs related to Colwellia, Shewanella and Psychrobium.differentiated the oysters collected from.a reef with those attached to rocks. Duikplaats were distinct for sulfur-oxidizers Sulfurim.nas and sulfate-reducers from.the Sva 0081 sedim.nt group. Archaea were found m.inly in sedim.nts and the oyster associated m.crobiom., with greater abundance at the reef site, consisting m.stly of Thaum.rchaeota from.the fam.ly Nitrosopum.laceae. The oyster free site displayed archaea in sedim.nts only, and algal bloom.indicator m.croorganism. from.the Rhodobacteraceae, Flavobacteriaceae fam.ly and genus [Polaribacter] huanghezhanensis, in addition to the ascidian sym.iotic partner, Synechococcus. This study suggests site specific m.crobiom. shifts, influenced by the presence of oysters and the type of substrate.

关键词： Oyster Reefs m.crobiom. m.rine Bacteria m.rine Archaea Restoration

A stability evaluation m.thod for deep-seated toppling in the upper Lancang river,Southwestern China

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Journal of Rock m.chanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2388-2410页

作者： Yibing Ning Huim.ng Tang Jianbing Peng Yanjun Shen John V.smith Bocheng Zhang College of Geological Engineering and Geom.tics Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Academ. of Yellow River Sciences of Shaanxi Province Chang’an UniversityXi’an710054China Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of GeosciencesWuhan430074China School of Engineering RMIT UniversityMelbourne3001Australia

Deep-seated toppling in the upper reaches of the Lancang River,southwest China involves deform.tions exceeding 100 m.in *** slope deform.tion is initiated by river downcutting and evolves distinctive characteristics with a depth of river *** this study,we propose a system.for evaluating the stability of deep-seated toppled slopes in different evolutionary *** system.contains identification criteria for each evolutionary stage and provides the corresponding stability evaluation *** on the m.chanical and kinem.tic analysis of slope blocks,the specific stage of slope m.vem.nt can be identified in the field through outcrop m.pping,in situ tests,surface displacem.nt m.nitoring,and adit and borehole *** stability evaluation m.thods are established based on the lim.ting equilibrium.theory and the strain com.atibility between the undisturbed zone and the toppled ***,several sam.le slopes in different evolution stages have been investigated to verify the applicability and accuracy of the proposed stability evaluation *** results indicate that intense tectonic activity and rapid river incision lead to a m.xim.m.principal stress ratio exceeding 10 near the slope surface,thus triggering widespread toppling deform.tions along the river *** considering the losses of joint cohesion during the further rotation process,the safety factor of the slope drops by 7%e28%.The self-stabilization of toppling deform.tion can be recognized by the layer sym.etry configuration after the free rotation of the deflected *** toppled rock blocks m.inly suffer sliding failures beyond the layer sym.etry *** factor of safety of the K73 rockslide decreased from.1.17 to 0.87 by considering the developm.nt of the potential sliding surface and the toesaturated zone.

关键词： Stability evaluation Deep-seated toppling Evolutionary process Reservoir im.oundm.nt Rock slope