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Mitigation strategies for soil acidification based on optimal nitrogen management

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第2期11卷 229-242页

作者： Pengshun WANG Donghao XU Prakash lakshmanan Yan DENG Qichao ZHU Fusuo ZHANG College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China National Academy of Agriculture Green Development China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China Sugarcane Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007China Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4067BrisbaneQueenslandAustralia

Soil acidification is a serious constraint to food production *** review explores its primary causes,with a focus on the role of nitrogen fertilizer,and suggests mitigation strategies based on optimal N *** acidification is determined by the leaching of weak acid mainly caused by climate and soil conditions,whereas the use of ammonium-based fertilizers,nitrate leaching and removal of base cations(BCs)by crop harvesting mostly accounts for anthropogenic *** addition,low soil acid buffering capacity,mainly determined by soil parent materials and soil organic matter content,also accelerates *** study proposes targeted mitigation strategies for different stages of soil acidification,which include monitoring soil carbonate content and p H of soils with p H>6.5(e.g.,calcareous soil),use of alkaline amendments for strongly acidic soils(p H<5.5)with aluminum toxicity risk to p H between 5.5 and 6.5,and decreasing acidification rates and supplementing BCs to maintain this optimal p H range,especially for soils with low acid buffering *** mitigation involves optimizing the rate and form of N fertilizers used,regulating N transformation processes,and establishing an integrated soil–crop management system that balances acid production and soil buffering capacity.

关键词： Soil acidification nutrient management nitrogen soil buffering capacity

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Attributable cost of a nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit: A prospective cohort study

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2017年第1期6卷 79-84页

作者： Binila Chacko Kurien Thomas Thambu David Hema Paul lakshmanan jeyaseelan John Victor Peter Medical ICU Division of Critical Care Christian Medical College Department of Medicine Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences Department of Medicine Ⅱ Christian Medical College Hospital Infection Control Committee Christian Medical College Department of Biostatistics Christian Medical College

AIM To study the impact of hospital-acquired infections(HAIs) on cost and outcome from intensive care units(ICU) in India. METHODS Adult patients(> 18 years) admitted over 1-year, to a 24-bed medical critical care unit in India, were enrolled prospectively. Treatment cost and outcome data were collected. This cost data was merged with HAI data collected prospectively by the Hospital Infection Control Committee. Only infections occurring during ICU stay were included. The impact of HAI on treatment cost and mortality was assessed. RESULTS The mean(± SD) age of the cohort(n = 499) was42.3 ± 16.5 years. Acute physiology and chronic health evaluation-Ⅱ score was 13.9(95%CI: 13.3-14.5); 86% were ventilated. ICU and hospital length of stay were 7.8 ± 5.5 and 13.9 ± 10 d respectively. Hospital mortality was 27.9%. During ICU stay, 76(15.3%) patients developed an infection(ventilator-associated pneumonia 50; bloodstream infection 35; urinary tract infections 3), translating to 19.7 infections/1000 ICU days. When compared with those who did not develop an infection, an infection occurring during ICU stay was associated with significantly higher treatment cost [median(inter-quartile range, IQR) INR 92893(USD 1523)(IQR 57168-140286) vs INR 180469(USD 2958)(IQR 140030-237525); P < 0.001 and longer duration of ICU(6.7 ± 4.5 d vs 13.4 ± 7.0 d; P < 0.01) and hospital stay(12.4 ± 8.2 d vs 21.8 ± 13.9 d; P < 0.001)]. However ICU acquired infections did not impact hospital mortality(31.6% vs 27.2%; P = 0.49).CONCLUSION An infection acquired during ICU stay was associated with doubling of treatment cost and prolonged hospitalization but did not significantly increase mortality.

关键词： Attributable cost Nosocomial infection Length of stay Mortality Intensive care

Utility of oral glucose tolerance test in predicting type 2 diabetes following gestational diabetes:Towards personalized care

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第10期12卷 1778-1788页

作者： Riad Abdel Latif Bayoumi Amar Hassan Khamis Muna A Tahlak Taghrid F Elgergawi Deemah K Harb Komal S Hazari Widad A Abdelkareem Aya O Issa Rakeeb Choudhury Mohamed Hassanein jeyaseelan lakshmanan Fatheya Alawadi Department of Basic Medical Sciences College of MedicineMohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health SciencesDubai 123United Arab Emirates Department of Biostatistics HBMDCMohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health SciencesDubai 123United Arab Emirates Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Dubai Health AuthorityDubai 123United Arab Emirates Department of Endocrinology Dubai Health AuthorityDubai 123United Arab Emirates Department of Biostatistics Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health SciencesDubai 123United Arab Emirates

BACKGROUND Women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)are at a seven-fold higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes(T2D)within 7-10 years after childbirth,compared with those with normoglycemic *** raised fasting blood glucose(FBG)levels has been said to be the main significant predictor of postpartum progression to T2D,it is difficult to predict who among the women with GDM would develop ***,we conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study to examine the glycemic indices that can predict postnatal T2D in Emirati Arab women with a history of *** To assess how oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)can identify the distinct GDM pathophysiology and predict possible distinct postnatal T2D *** The glycemic status of a cohort of 4603 pregnant Emirati Arab women,who delivered in 2007 at both Latifa Women and Children Hospital and at Dubai Hospital,United Arab Emirates,was assessed retrospectively,using the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups(IADPSG)*** the total,1231 women were followed up and assessed in *** FBG and/or the 2-h blood glucose(2hrBG)levels after a 75-g glucose load were measured to assess the prevalence of GDM and T2D,according to the IADPSG and American Diabetes Association(ADA)criteria,*** receiver operating characteristic curve for the OGTT was plotted and sensitivity,specificity,and predictive values of FBG and 2hrBG for T2D were *** Considering both FBG and 2hrBG levels,according to the IADPSG criteria,the prevalence of GDM in pregnant Emirati women in 2007 was 1057/4603(23%),while the prevalence of pre-pregnancy T2D among them,based on ADA criteria,was 230/4603(5%).In the subset of women(n=1231)followed up in 2016,the prevalence of GDM in 2007 was 362/1231(29.6%),while the prevalence of prepregnancy T2D was 36/1231(2.9%).Of the 362 pregnant women with GDM in 2007,96/362(26.5%)developed T2D;142/362(39.2%)developed impaired fasting glucose;29/36

关键词： Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes subtypes Oral glucose tolerance test Diabetes Gestational diabetes mellitus subtypes

A Retrospective Renal Study from a Lupus Vasculitis Clinic

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Open Journal of Nephrology 2015年第3期5卷 75-82页

作者： Gaurav Singh Lauren White Patrick Flynn Sajan Thomas lakshmanan jeyaseelan Mani Thenmozhi George John Paul Kubler D. Ranganathan Department of Internal Medicine Princess Alexandra Hospital Brisbane Australia Department of Internal Medicine Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Brisbane Australia Department of Nephrology Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Brisbane Australia Department of Biostatistics Christian Medical College Vellore India Department of Rheumatology Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital Brisbane Australia

Aim: In July 2009, a combined Renal Rheumatology Lupus Vasculitis (RRLV) clinic, the first of its kind for adult patients in Australia, was started at Royal Brisbane & Women’s Hospital. This is an audit of progression of renal disease to assess if patients attending this clinic had comparable results to published studies of similar cohorts with lupus Nephritis (LN) and vasculitis. Methods: We conducted a retrospective audit of all the patients who attended this clinic from July 2009 to October 2013. There were 33 patients followed up in the vasculitis group and 36 in the LN group. Patients with other connective tissue disorders were excluded from the analysis as the numbers were insignificant. Results: The mean estimated glomerular filtration rate of vasculitis and LN patients improved from 32.06 to 45.82 ml/min/1.73m2 and 62.42 to 65.53 ml/min/1.73m2 respectively. The mean urine protein/creatinine ratio of vasculitis and LN patients improved from 420 to 85 and 406 to 70 respectively. No patients died in either group. One vasculitis and two LN patients required maintenance dialysis. Three LN patients underwent renal transplantation. Conclusion: The results show excellent patient and renal survival and support the concept of a combined renal rheumatology clinic in managing renal disease from systemic connective tissue disorders.

关键词： Vasculitis Lupus Nephritis Survival Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Urinary Protein Creatinine Ratio

Differences Among Self-Esteem in a Nationally Representative Sample of 15-17-Year-Old Omani Adolescents

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Psychology Research 2019年第4期9卷 178-188页

作者： Kashef Zayed Badriya Al-Haddabi lakshmanan jeyaseelan Samir Al-Adawi Majid Al-Busafi Mansour Al Tauqi Nasser Al-Rawahi Mostafa Wally Fathi Thiyabat Sultan Qaboos University MuscatOman Christian Medical College VelloreIndia Sultan Qaboos Youth Complex for Culture & Intertanmen SalalaOman Qatar University DohaQatar King Fahad University DhahranKingdom of Saudi Arabia

This study aimed to understand the association between self-esteem(SE)and gender,age,body mass index(BMI)and rural-urban dichotomy among Omani *** regression analyses were conducted using generalized linear models to study the impact of gender,age,BMI,and place of residence on the SE score after adjusting for other *** the 4,432 teenagers studied,47.4%were boys and 52.6%*** majority(64.4%)were from rural areas and 35.6%from urban areas of *** 23%were physically underweight,while 51%were normal and 26.2%were overweight or *** results of this study revealed that Omani girls have higher SE than *** also showed that no relationship between SE and ***,the results showed that children residing in rural areas had higher SE than those in city dweller.

关键词： SE BMI gender differences adolescents

Greenhouse gas emissions mitigation and economic viability of sugar crops in China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第3期11卷 397-408页

作者： Linsheng YANG Xiaozhong WANG Wushuai ZHANG Prakash lakshmanan Yan DENG Xiaojun SHI Xinping CHEN Fusuo ZHANG Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and Environment Southwest University Key Laboratory of Low-carbon Green Agriculture in Southwestern China (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs) Southwest University Rice Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement (Guangxi) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Guangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic Improvement Guangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesSugarcane Research Institute Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Center for Resources Environment and Food Security China Agricultural University

Climate change mitigation is a major challenge of human society. Currently, to this end, many countries including China are committed to achieving carbon neutrality within a few decades. China is a major sugarcane and sugar beet producing country and has one of the largest carbon footprint for sugarcane and sugar beet production globally. A comprehensive study was conducted on sugarcane and sugar beet crops grown in China for greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions mitigation potential, economic crop production from a sustainable sugar production perspective. Long-term trend analysis showed that yield and GHG emissions of sugarcane and sugar beet crops increased but the ratio of income to cost declined. Structural equation model analysis revealed nitrogen fertilizer and labor as the major drivers of GHG emissions for both sugarcane and sugar beet. For sugarcane and sugar beet, the path coefficient of N fertilizer were -0.964 and -0.835 and that of labor were 0.771 and 0.589,respectively. By transitioning the current cropping system to an improved model with optimized labor, N input and machinery use, the GHG emissions and total annual cost of sugarcane and sugar beet production can be reduced by 32% and 24%, respectively, by 2030, compared to a business-as-usual scenario. This is the first integrated and comparative study of environmental and economic sustainability of sugarcane and sugar beet production in *** findings will enable all stakeholders of Chinese sugarcane and sugar beet industries to transform them into environmentally and economically sustainable sugar production.

关键词： Economic profits GHG emissions labor input nitrogen input sugar

Multiple pollutants from crop and livestock production in the Yangtze River: status and challenges

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第1期11卷 134-139,I0005页

作者： Lihua MA Shiyang LI Linfa FANG Xuanjing CHEN Ran XIAO Xiaoxuan SU Zhaolei LI Zhaohai BAI Lin MA Prakash lakshmanan Xinping CHEN Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Water Systems and Global Change Group Wageningen University&Research6708 PB Wageningenthe Netherlands Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources Center for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetic and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesShijiazhuang 050021China Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic ImprovementSugarcane Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007China Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4067Australia

The rapid increase in the proportion of cash crops and livestock production in the Yangtze River Basin has led to commensurate increases in fertilizer and pesticide inputs. Excessive application of chemical fertilizer, organophosphorus pesticides and inappropriate disposal of agricultural waste induced water pollution and potentially threaten Agriculture Green Development(AGD). To ensure food security and the food supply capacity of the Yangtze River Basin, it is important to balance green and development, while ensuring the quality of water bodies. Multiple pollutants affect the transfer, adsorption, photolysis and degradation of each other throughout the soil-plant-water system. This paper considers the impact of multi-pollutants on the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles especially for crops, which are related to achieving food security and AGD. It presents prospective on theory, modeling and multi-pollutant control in the Yangtze River Basin for AGD that are of potential value for other developing regions.

关键词： Agriculture Green Development crop production livestock production multi-pollutant models multiple pollutants Yangtze River Basin

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Enhanced and fast fluoride adsorption using cerium organic frameworks based hydrotalcite hybrid material

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第12期41卷 2010-2017,I0007页

作者： Antonysamy jeyaseelan Ilango Aswin Kumar MuNaushad Natrayasamy Viswanathan Department of Chemistry Anna UniversityUniversity College of Engineering-DindigulReddiyarchatramDindigul624622TamilnaduIndia Faculty of Civil Engineering Departmentof Landscapeand Water ConservationCzechTechnical University in PragueThakurova 6629Prague6Czch Republic Department of Chemistry College of ScienceKing Saud UniversityP.0.Box 2455Riyadh11451Saudi Arabia

In this present study,hydrotalcite(HT) implanted Ce-BTC metal organic frameworks(MOFs) abbreviated as HT-CeMOFs were developed for rapid fluoride *** microscopic properties of the prepared HT-CeMOFs material were studied with different characterization *** identify the fluoride adsorption route,the batch experiments such as pH,dosage,adsorption time,interfering anions,initial ion concentration,selectivity,temperature and pHzpcstudies were portrayed towards fluoride removal by *** utmost defluoridation capacity(DC) of HT-CeMOFs is found to be 4662 mg/(F·kg).Fluoride adsorption route onto HT-CeMOFs is followed by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order with intraparticle diffusion *** removal by HT-CeMOFs is spontaneous with endothermic *** mechanism of HT-CeMOFs towards fluoride is followed by electrostatic interaction,ion-exchange and *** regeneration and field exploration of HT-CeMOFs towards fluoride adsorption were performed and their results reveal that the HT-CeMOFs are regenerable and more suitable at field conditions.

关键词： Hydrotalcite Metal organic frameworks Cerium Regeneration Defluoridation Rare earths

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A Combined Genomics and Phenomics Approach is Needed to Boost Breeding in Sugarcane

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Plant Phenomics 2023年第3期5卷 395-398页

作者： Ting Luo Xiaoyan Liu Prakash lakshmanan Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Biotechnology and Genetic Improvement(Guangxi) Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSugarcane Research InstituteGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangxi Key Laboratory of Sugarcane Genetic ImprovementGuangxi Academy of Agricultural SciencesNanning 530007China Interdisciplinary Research Center for Agriculture Green Development in Yangtze River Basin College of Resources and EnvironmentSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation University of QueenslandSt Lucia 4067QLDAustralia

Sugarcane is a major food and bioenergy crop *** pro-duces~80%of sugar consumed worldwide,with Brazil and India together accounting for 61%of world sugarcane produc-tion in 2021[1].Globally,sugarcane is the 5th largest crop by production value and acreage,and it is also the second largest bioenergy crop[1,2].Modern sugarcane is an interspecific hybrid(Saccharum species hybrid)of wild progenitor species Saccharum officinarum(2n=80;x=10)andSaccharumspon-taneum(2n=40 to 130;x=8)[3].This genetically complex polyploid crop with varied chromosome numbers(100 to 130)has one of the largest genomes(~10 kb)among plants,making sugarcane breeding considerably slow and challenging.

关键词： breeding sugar globally