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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第2期34卷 192-201页

作者： Ning Cui Laiye Qu Gang Wu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Heavy metal(Cu,Mn,Zn,Pb,and Cd)concentrations were measured in the leaves of Sabina chinensis and Platycladus orientalis collected from urban,suburban,and rural sites in Tianjin,China.Photosynthetic pigment contents,reactive oxygen species content,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and antioxidant enzyme activity were investigated,providing physiological response parameters.Our comparison of the sites revealed that urbanization significantly influenced the heavy metal concentrations in both plant leaves.At the rural site,both plant leaves exhibited the lowest heavy metal accumulation.The highest Cu,Mn,and Zn concentrations were found in S.chinensis leaves from the urban site;the highest Pb and Cd concentrations were found in P.orientalis leaves from the urban site.These results indicate that the urban site contained larger heavy metal concentrations in the plant leaves that may reflect the anthropogenic emission gradient.It is also found that S.chinensis may be used to monitor airborne heavy metal pollution because it is highly quick response to heavy metals,while P.orientalis may be used for mitigation due to its high resistance.The results of this study can contribute to the development of monitoring and environmental management plans by providing information on sensitive and resistant tree species for city greening in North China.

关键词： Atmospheric heavy metal pollutions Sabina chinensis Platycladus orientalis Physiological responses

Effects of road dust on the growth characteristics of Sophora japonica L.seedlings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2016年第8期28卷 147-155页

作者： Le Bao Laiye Qu Keming Ma Lin Lin State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Science

Road dust is one of the most common pollutants and causes a series of negative effects on plant physiology. Dust＇s impacts on plants can be regarded as a combination of load,composition and grain size impacts on plants; however, there is a lack of integrated dust effect studies involving these three aspects. In our study, Sophora japonica seedlings were artificially dusted with road dust collected from the road surface of Beijing so that we could study the impacts of this dust on nitrogen/carbon allocation, biomass allocation and photosynthetic pigments from the three aspects of composition, load and grain size. The results showed that the growth characteristics of S. japonica seedlings were mostly influenced by dust composition and load. Leaf N, root–shoot ratio and chlorophyll a/b were significantly affected by dust composition and load; leaf C/N, shoot biomass, total chlorophyll and carotenoid were significantly affected by dust load; stem N and stem C/N were significantly affected by dust composition; while the dust grain size alone did not affect any of the growth characteristics. Road dust did influence the growth characteristics more extensively than loam. Therefore, a higher dust load could increase the differences between road dust and loam treatments. The elements in dust are well correlated to the shoot N, shoot C/N, and root–shoot ratio of S. japonica seedlings. This knowledge could benefit the management of urban green spaces.

关键词： Dust composition Dust load Dust grain size Nitrogen Biomass

Effects of plant coverage on shrub fertile islands in the Upper Minjiang River Valley

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2018年第3期61卷 340-347页

作者： Laiye Qu Zhongbin Wang Yuanyuan Huang Yuxin Zhang Chengjun Song Keming Ma State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental Science Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology University of Oklahoma Norman 73019 USA Institute of Energy and Environmental Protection Chinese Academy of Agriculture Engineering Beijing 100125 China

The patchy distribution of vegetation in dry land results in well-documented "fertile islands". However, the response of shrub fertile islands to plant recovery and the underlying mechanisms, such as the linkage plant and soil properties, remain unknown.We sampled soils from areas with three different plant coverages(25%, 45%, and 75%) and three of their adjacent inter-plants to investigate soil physicochemical and microbial properties in the upper Minjiang River arid valley. The results showed that these factors were influenced by the persistence of plants that contrasted with the inter-plant interspaces. We found fertile islands in under-plant soil that were enhanced with increasing plant coverage, from 25% to 45% and 75%; however, there were no significant differences between 45% and 75% plant coverage apart from the soil clay content and the fungi to bacteria ratio. The soil microbial communities in under-plant soil were strongly influenced by the total soil carbon(TC), soil organic carbon(SOC),and available nitrogen(AN), whereas the microbial communities in inter-plant soil were primarily constrained by the AN and available phosphorous(AP). Moreover, the inter-plant soil properties, including gravimetric soil water content, pH, electrical conductivity(EC), and soil C:N ratio, were also strongly influenced by adjacent vegetation, which suggested that fertile islands may be beneficial for plant recovery in this region.

关键词：植物恢复灌木山谷土壤性质微生物物理化学土壤碳土壤水

Soil microbial properties under different vegetation types on Mountain Han

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2013年第6期56卷 561-570页

作者： WANG Miao qu laiye MA KeMing YUAN Xiu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-environmental ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

This study investigated the influence of broadleaf and conifer vegetation on soil microbial communities in a distinct vertical distribution belt in Northeast China.Soil samples were taken at 0-5,5-10 and 10-20 cm depths from four vegetation types at different altitudes,which were characterized by poplar(Populus davidiana)(1250-1300 m),poplar(P.davidiana) mixed with birch(Betula platyphylla)(1370-1550 m),birch(B.platyphylla)(1550-1720 m),and larch(Larix principis-rupprechtii)(1840-1890 m).Microbial biomass and community structure were determined using the fumigation-extraction method and phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA) analysis,and soil fungal community level physiological profiles(CLPP) were characterized using Biolog FF Microplates.It was found that soil properties,especially soil organic carbon and water content,contributed significantly to the variations in soil microbes.With increasing soil depth,the soil microbial biomass,fungal biomass,and fungal catabolic ability diminished;however,the ratio of fungi to bacteria increased.The fungal ratio was higher under larch forests compared to that under poplar,birch,and their mixed forests,although the soil microbial biomass was lower.The direct contribution of vegetation types to the soil microbial community variation was 12%.If the indirect contribution through soil organic carbon was included,variations in the vegetation type had substantial influences on soil microbial composition and diversity.

关键词：微生物特性土壤样品植被类型土壤微生物生物量土壤有机碳真菌群落 BIOLOG 微生物群落

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Impacts of regional land-use patterns on ecosystem services in the typical agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2022年第1期8卷 534-553页

作者： Huimin Chen Yu Zhao Xiao Fu Mingfang Tang Mingjie Guo Shiqi Zhang Yu Zhu Laiye Qu Gang Wu State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina University of Chinese Academy of Sciences BeijingChina China IPPR International Engineering Co. LtdBeijingChina

A comprehensive understanding of the spatial-temporal evolution and driving forces on ecosystem services(ES)is essential for the agro-pastoral ecotone’s ecological security in northern China.However,the land-use pattern(LULC)agglomeration with spatial differentiation in the pastoral and agricultural areas has been rarely concerned.Taking distinct LULC(1980-2018)in Chifeng as an example,we compared four crucial categories of ESs with InVEST.Using SEM,we further contrasted the effects of several variables on regional ES variations in pastoral-dominated(North)and agriculture-dominated(South)regions,respectively.Results revealed the conversion between forest and grassland oriented the LULC transformation in the North.In contrast,human-activitiy-oriented land tended to occupy environmentally sensitive places in the South.Similar ES variations were supplied with the North outperforming the South when soil conservation was omitted.As for the impacts of regional ES variations,the natural and LULC policies both showed positive effects,whereas the anthropogenic factors showed positive in the North,which was negative in the South.Therefore,the ecologicallymaintained-dominant and ecologically-restored-dominant strategies should be separately adopted in the North and South.Our study provided appropriate regional ecological management suggestions for balancing the LULC-driven conflicts between ecological protection and regional development.

关键词： Distinct land use/land cover(LULC)patterns Spatialtemporal evolution of ecosystem services(ESs) Agro-pastoral ecotone of northern China InVEST models Structural equation modeling(SEM)

干旱条件下接种AM真菌对小马鞍羊蹄甲幼苗根系的影响

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生态学报 2017年第8期37卷 2611-2619页

作者：张亚敏马克明曲来叶中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085 中国科学院大学北京100049

为了探讨岷江干旱河谷丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对寄主植物幼苗根系的影响,通过接种购买的AMF摩西球囊霉菌(Funneliformis mosseae)到优势乡土灌木小马鞍羊蹄甲(Bauhinia faberi var.microphylla)幼苗,在重度、中度和轻度干旱条件下培养3个月,... 详细信息

为了探讨岷江干旱河谷丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)对寄主植物幼苗根系的影响,通过接种购买的AMF摩西球囊霉菌(Funneliformis mosseae)到优势乡土灌木小马鞍羊蹄甲(Bauhinia faberi var.microphylla)幼苗,在重度、中度和轻度干旱条件下培养3个月,研究不同干旱条件下AMF对幼苗根系形态特征、结构特征、功能性状的影响。方差分析结果表明:(1)3种干旱胁迫条件下,接菌均显著增加了幼苗的根总长、根表面积、根分枝数、根尖数(P<0.001),在中度胁迫和轻度胁迫下,接菌显著促进根鲜重、根体积的增加(P<0.001),轻度胁迫条件下接菌幼苗的根鲜重、根总长、根表面积、根体积、根尖数最高并显著高于其它处理,但接菌与未接菌的根平均直径之间没有显著差异;(2)接菌幼苗根系趋向于叉状分支结构,在重度胁迫时,叉状分支趋势更显著(P<0.001);(3)接菌幼苗的根比例都显著小于未接菌的,但幼苗比根长不存在显著差异。相关分析结果表明:菌根侵染率与根鲜重、根总长、根表面积、根体积、根分枝数、根尖数呈极显著正相关(P<0.001),与拓扑指数、根比例呈极显著负相关(P<0.001)。研究表明,在干旱条件下,AMF虽然没有提高生长初期的根系的吸收效率,但接种AMF显著影响幼苗根系形态特征和结构特征,更利于植物适应干旱环境,并且AMF对幼苗根系的促生作用随着干旱胁迫程度减轻而提高。

关键词：摩西球囊霉菌根系形态干旱胁迫拓扑结构小马鞍羊蹄甲

广东湛江红树林国家级自然保护区优势乔木群落的物种组成及结构特征

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生态科学 2016年第3期35卷 1-7页

作者：刘静马克明曲来叶中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域国家重点实验室北京100085 中国科学院大学北京100049

针对湛江红树林自然保护区的优势乔木群落,根据优势种重要值大小对群落类型进行了划分,进一步从立木、苗木和幼苗3个层次对群落物种组成及结构特征进行了研究。结果显示:4科6种红树植物组成11个优势乔木群落。无瓣海桑群落分布最广,平... 详细信息

针对湛江红树林自然保护区的优势乔木群落,根据优势种重要值大小对群落类型进行了划分,进一步从立木、苗木和幼苗3个层次对群落物种组成及结构特征进行了研究。结果显示:4科6种红树植物组成11个优势乔木群落。无瓣海桑群落分布最广,平均胸径、高度和冠幅面积显著大于红海榄、秋茄、桐花树和白骨壤优势群落,但无瓣海桑群落物种多度较低,群落内无瓣海桑对秋茄有显著抑制作用;白骨壤和秋茄优势乔木群落的多样性指数较高。红树林优势乔木群落林下层植被组成贫乏、结构简单,以桐花树、秋茄和白骨壤为主;林下苗木数量多于幼苗;白骨壤幼苗占总量的67.1%。未来红树林恢复仍要重视本地红树物种,建议加强白骨壤作为恢复物种的研究。

关键词：红树林乔木群落群落结构多样性指数立木苗木和幼苗

北京城市公园常见乔木土壤真菌群落特征及影响因素

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生态学报 2021年第5期41卷 1835-1845页

作者：于天赫张乃莉于爽曲来叶牡丹江师范学院牡丹江157000 北京林业大学林学院北京100083 中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085 中国科学院大学北京100049

快速城市化引起的城市环境污染问题日趋严重,由城市中心到城郊往往呈规律性递变趋势。北京城市公园作为城市绿地主体,不仅是城市居民重要的休闲游憩场所,也能在一定程度上反应环境污染,如土壤重金属污染的作用规律。以北京市这一典型大... 详细信息

快速城市化引起的城市环境污染问题日趋严重,由城市中心到城郊往往呈规律性递变趋势。北京城市公园作为城市绿地主体,不仅是城市居民重要的休闲游憩场所,也能在一定程度上反应环境污染,如土壤重金属污染的作用规律。以北京市这一典型大城市为研究区域,根据不同城市公园的建成时间、所处位置和距离市中心的远近选择六个公园作为研究样点,选取公园常见6种乔木下土壤,通过对土壤重金属含量、土壤理化性质以及土壤真菌群落测定和测序,旨在探讨城市公园植被下土壤真菌群落特征(多样性和群落结构组成)以及影响因素。研究结果表明:北京城市公园乔木下的土壤真菌群落多样性、群落组成以及优势类群受到土壤pH值、土壤养分和水分以及重金属铅的调控。其中公园土壤重金属铅含量增加会降低土壤真菌多样性、显著影响优势类群子囊真菌(占真菌群落73%)以及土壤真菌功能类群病原真菌群落组成。研究揭示了北京城市公园土壤真菌群落特征及调控因素,特别是重金属铅对土壤真菌群落的影响,这对提高城市公园科学管理和环境健康具有积极的应用价值。

关键词：北京城市公园真菌多样性真菌群落组成真菌功能群重金属铅

不同主伐方式对兴安落叶松(Larix gmelinii)根际土壤理化性质及微生物群落的影响

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生态学报 2020年第21期40卷 7621-7629页

作者：杨寅邱钰明王中斌曲来叶中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室北京100085 中国科学院大学北京100049 北京林业大学北京100083

对内蒙古根河大兴安岭林区1987年(恢复后期)、2013年(恢复前期)的皆伐与渐伐样地以及未采伐对照样地兴安落叶松的根际土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构和多样性进行了分析,旨在揭示不同主伐方式对兴安落叶松根际土壤理化性质以及微生物群... 详细信息

对内蒙古根河大兴安岭林区1987年(恢复后期)、2013年(恢复前期)的皆伐与渐伐样地以及未采伐对照样地兴安落叶松的根际土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构和多样性进行了分析,旨在揭示不同主伐方式对兴安落叶松根际土壤理化性质以及微生物群落的影响。结果表明,主伐后兴安落叶松根际土壤的理化性质以及微生物群落的变化特征与非根际土壤存在区别,且不同主伐方式在不同恢复时期会对兴安落叶松根际土壤理化性质以及微生物群落产生不同的影响:(1)根际与非根际土壤微生物群落中真菌均比细菌更容易受到土壤理化性质的影响,但是单一种理化性质的改变对根际与非根际土壤微生物群落均不能造成显著影响。(2)相较于未采伐对照样地,皆伐样地恢复前期兴安落叶松根际土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构和多样性没有显著变化。皆伐样地恢复后期,兴安落叶松根际土壤理化性质(总碳、总氮、速效氮、pH)发生了显著变化,导致了微生物量碳氮、真菌磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)含量显著降低、细菌/真菌显著升高,辛普森多样性指数显著降低。(3)渐伐样地恢复前期兴安落叶松根际土壤总碳、总氮、速效氮含量以及含水量均显著降低,总钾、速效磷含量显著上升,根际土壤微生物量碳含量显著降低。恢复后期,兴安落叶松根际土壤总磷含量显著升高,根际土壤微生物量碳的含量已恢复到渐伐前水平。渐伐干扰对根际土壤各微生物类群PLFA含量、微生物群落结构以及多样性没有显著影响。

关键词：主伐方式根际土壤理化性质微生物群落兴安落叶松

中国生物质能源植物种植现状及生物多样性保护

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气候变化研究进展 2012年第3期8卷 220-227页

作者：张风春李培曲来叶环境保护部环境保护对外合作中心北京100035 中国科学院生态环境研究中心北京100085

随着国家对可再生能源的重视和扶持,我国以麻疯树等为主的能源植物种植业呈现快速的产业化发展势头。这种生物质能源植物的产业化种植可能会对生物多样性带来影响,如对生态系统与栖息地的影响等,但这些影响还存在着诸多的不确定性和争... 详细信息

随着国家对可再生能源的重视和扶持,我国以麻疯树等为主的能源植物种植业呈现快速的产业化发展势头。这种生物质能源植物的产业化种植可能会对生物多样性带来影响,如对生态系统与栖息地的影响等,但这些影响还存在着诸多的不确定性和争议。从防患于未然的角度,对我国的生物质能源植物种植业发展提出了相应的建议:在生物多样性敏感地区的种植规划和项目应进行生物多样性影响评价,应尽可能使用当地物种并进行合理的配置,尽可能减少大规模单一物种的种植模式,注意原有生境的完整性和生态廊道的维持;同时,需要政府部门加大科学研究支持力度并做好监测工作,以实现我国生物质能源植物种植业和生物多样性保护的双赢。

关键词：生物多样性生物质能源植物种植