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Patterns and drivers of seasonal water sources for artificial sand-fixing plants in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land,Northwest China

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 63-77页

作者： Yanwu PEI laiming huang Ming'an SHAO Jiao WANG Yinglong ZHANG Yellow River Delta Modern Agricultural Engineering Laboratory Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest Agriculture and Forestry UniversityYangling 712100China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shenmu Ecological Association Shenmu 719399China

Understanding plant water-use patterns is important for improving water-use efficiency and for sustainable vegetation restoration in arid and semi-arid regions. However, seasonal variations in water sources and their control by different sand-fixing plants in water-limited desert ecosystems remain poorly understood. In this study, stable isotopic ratios of hydrogen(δ^(2)H) and oxygen(δ^(18)O) in precipitation, soil water, groundwater, and xylem water were determined to document seasonal changes in water uptake by three representative plant species(Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Litv., Amygdalus pedunculata Pall., and Salix psammophila) in the northeastern Mu Us sandy land, Northwest China. Based on the depth distribution and temporal variation of measured gravimetric soil water content(SWC), the soil water profile of the three species stands was divided into active(0.01 g g^(-1)45%) layers. Annually, P. sylvestris, A. pedunculata, and S. psammophila obtained most water from deep(59.2%±9.7%, moist layer and groundwater),intermediate(57.4%±9.8%, stable and moist layers), and shallow(54.4%±10.5%, active and stable layers) sources, respectively. Seasonally, the three plant species absorbed more than 60% of their total water uptake from the moist layer and groundwater in the early(June) dry season;then, they switched to the active and stable layers in the rainy season(July–September) for water resources(50.1%–62.5%). In the late(October–November) dry season, P. sylvestris(54.5%–66.2%) and A. pedunculata(52.9%–63.6%) mainly used water from stable and moist layers, whereas S. psammophila(52.6%–70.7%) still extracted water predominantly from active and stable layers. Variations in the soil water profile induced by seasonal fluctuations in precipitation and groundwater levels and discrepancies in plant pheno

关键词： desert ecosystem MixSIAR model plant water uptake soil moisture stable isotopes vegetation restoration water-use efficiency

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Nitrogen sink in a small forested watershed of subtropical China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2011年第3期23卷 468-475页

作者： laiming huang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 China Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Global nitrogen （N） emission and deposition have been increased rapidly due to massive mobilization of N which may have long- reaching impacts on ecosystems. Many agricultural and forest ecosystems have been identified as secondary N sources. In the present study, the input-output budget of inorganic N in a small forested watershed of subtropical China was investigated. Inorganic N wet deposition and discharge by stream water were monitored from March, 2007 to February, 2009. The concentrations and fluxes of inorganic N in wet precipitation and stream water and net retention of N were calculated. Global N input by dry deposition and biological fixation and N output by denitrification for forested watersheds elsewhere were reported as references to evaluate whether the studied forested watershed is a source or a sink for N. The results show that the inorganic N output by the stream water is mainly caused by NO3-N even though the input is dominated by NH4＋-N. The mean flux of inorganic N input by wet precipitation and output by stream water is 1.672 and 0.537 g N/（***）, respectively, which indicates that most of inorganic N input is retained in the forested watershed. Net retention of inorganic N reaches 1.135 g N/（***） considering wet precipitation as the main input and stream water as the main output, ff N input by dry deposition and biological fixation and output by denitlification are taken into account, this subtropical forested watershed currently acts as a considerable sink for N, with a net sink ranging from 1.309 to 1.913 g N/（m2-yr） which may enhance carbon sequestration of the terrestrial ecosystem.

关键词： forested watershed nitrogen deposition nitrogen sink subtropical China

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Response of plant physiological parameters to soil water availability during prolonged drought is affected by soil texture

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Journal of Arid Land 2021年第7期13卷 688-698页

作者： huang laiming ZHAO Wen SHAO Ming'an Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Soil water deficit is increasingly threatening the sustainable vegetation restoration and ecological construction on the Loess Plateau of China due to the climate warming and human *** determine the response thresholds of Amygdalus pedunculata(AP)and Salix psammophila(SP)to soil water availability under different textural soils,we measured the changes in net photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(Gs),intercellular CO2 concentration(Ci),leaf water potential(ψw),water use efficiency(WUE)and daily transpiration rate(Td)of the two plant species during soil water content(SWC)decreased from 100%field capacity(FC)to 20%FC in the sandy and loamy soils on the Loess Plateau in the growing season from June to August in *** showed that Pn,Gs,WUE and Td of AP and SP remained relatively constant at the beginning of soil water deficit but decreased rapidly as plant available soil water content(PASWC)fell below the threshold values in both the sandy and loamy *** PASWC thresholds corresponding to Pn,Gs and Ci of AP in the loamy soil(0.61,0.62 and 0.70,respectively)were lower than those in the sandy soil(0.70,0.63 and 0.75,respectively),whereas the PASWC thresholds corresponding to Pn,Gs and Ci of SP in the loamy soil(0.63,0.68 and 0.78,respectively)were higher than those in the sandy soil(0.58,0.62 and 0.66,respectively).In addition,the PASWC thresholds in relation to Td and WUE of AP(0.60 and 0.58,respectively)and SP(0.62 and 0.60,respectively)in the loamy soil were higher than the corresponding PASWC thresholds of AP(0.58 and 0.52,respectively)and SP(0.55 and 0.56,respectively)in the sandy ***,the PASWC thresholds for the instantaneous gas exchange parameters(e.g.,Pn and Gs)at the transient scale were higher than the thresholds for the parameters(e.g.,Td)at the daily *** study demonstrates that different plant species and/or different physiological parameters exhibit different thresholds of PASWC and that the thresholds are affect

关键词： plant available soil water content drought stress soil water deficit sustainable vegetation restoration sandy soil loamy soil Loess Plateau

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Responses of Amygdalus pedunculata *** the sandy and loamy soils to water stress

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Journal of Arid Land 2020年第5期12卷 791-805页

作者： PEI Yanwu huang laiming SHAO Ming'an ZHANG Yinglong Key Laboratory of Ecosystems Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Natural Resources and Environment State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess PlateauNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Shenmu Ecological Association Shenmu 719399China

Amygdalus pedunculata *** a major species that is widely planted in afforested soils with different textures in the transitional zone between Mu Us Desert and Loess Plateau,***,the responses of *** to increasing intensity of water stress in different textural soils are not ***,we conducted a soil column experiment to evaluate the effects of different textures(sandy and loamy)on water consumption,water use efficiency(WUE),biomass accumulation and ecological adaptability of *** under increasing water stress,i.e.,90%(±5%)FC(field capacity),75%(±5%)FC,60%(±5%)FC,45%(±5%)FC and 30%(±5%)FC in *** grown in the sandy soil with the lowest(30%FC)and highest(90%FC)water contents had respectively 21.3%-37.0%and 4.4%-20.4%less transpiration than those with other water treatments(45%-75%FC).In contrast,*** transpiration in the loamy soil decreased with decreasing water *** magnitude of decrease in transpiration increased with increasing level of water deficit(45%and 30%FC).Mean daily and cumulative transpirations of the plant were significantly lower in the sandy soil than in the loamy soil under good water condition(90%FC),but the reverse was noted under water deficit treatments(45%and 30%FC).Plant height,stem diameter and total biomass initially increased with decreasing water content from 90%to 75%FC and then declined under severe water deficit conditions(45%and 30%FC)in the sandy ***,these plant parameters decreased with decreasing water content in the loamy *** in the sandy soil was 7.8%-12.3%higher than that in the loamy soil,which initially increased with decreasing water content from 90%to 75%FC and then declined under water deficit conditions(45%and 30%FC).The study showed that plant transpiration,biomass production and WUE responded differentially to increasing intensity of water stress in the sandy and loamy *** contrasting responses of *** to water stress in differe

关键词： soil texture water consumption biomass production water use efficiency Loess Plateau

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Chemistry and source identification of wet precipitation in a rural watershed of subtropical China

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Chinese Journal Of Geochemistry 2012年第4期31卷 347-354页

作者： huang laiming YANG Jinling ZHANG Ganlin State Key Laboratory of Sod and Sustamable Agrtculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

South China is one of the regions severely suffering from acid rain in the ***,few systematic studies of rural precipitation chemistry have been performed in comparison with the extensive studies on their urban counterparts of this *** order to characterize the current acid rain status and identify its possible sources in the rural area of South China,we analyzed precipitation collected event by event from a rural forested watershed in southern Anhui Province between March 2007 and February *** results showed that the concentrations of major ions within precipitation in the studied rural area were significantly lower than those reported for the urban areas of the same latitude in ***,the precipitation acidity(with an average pH value of 4.49) and the frequency of acid rain(95%) were considerably *** relatively high ratio of(SO42+ NO 3)/(Ca2+ +NH4+) was the main cause of acid rain in this rural area,as SO 2 and NO x were the main precursors of acid rain,while Ca2+ and NH4+acted as the dominant neutralizers to the *** identification indicated that Ca2+ and Mg2+ mainly were derived from alkaline dust,SO42,NO 3 and NH4+originated mainly from anthropogenic sources such as industrial and agricultural activities,most Na +,Cl,K + and some of Mg2+ were derived from the *** results suggested that the major ions within precipitation in the rural area of South China were related to the meso-scale and long-range transport of particles and aerosols in the air.

关键词：农村地区降水化学分水岭源识别中国沉淀亚热带湿法

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Spatial distribution of water-active soil layer along the south-north transect in the Loess Plateau of China

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Journal of Arid Land 2019年第2期11卷 228-240页

作者： ZHAO Chunlei SHAO Ming'an JIA Xiaoxu huang laiming ZHU Yuanjun Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Northwest A&F University College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F University

Soil water is an important composition of water recycle in the soil-plant-atmosphere ***, intense water exchange between soil-plant and soil-atmosphere interfaces only occurs in a certain layer of the soil profile. For deep insight into water active layer(WAL, defined as the soil layer with a coefficient of variation in soil water content >10% in a given time domain) in the Loess Plateau of China,we measured soil water content(SWC) in the 0.0–5.0 m soil profile from 86 sampling sites along an approximately 860-km long south-north transect during the period 2013–2016. Moreover, a dataset contained four climatic factors(mean annual precipitation, mean annual evaporation, annual mean temperature and mean annual dryness index) and five local factors(altitude, slope gradient, land use, clay content and soil organic carbon) of each sampling site was obtained. In this study, three WAL indices(WALT(the thickness of WAL), WAL-CV(the mean coefficient of variation in SWC within WAL) and WALSWC(the mean SWC within WAL)) were used to evaluate the characteristics of WAL. The results showed that with increasing latitude, WAL-T and WAL-CV increased firstly and then decreased. WAL-SWC showed an opposite distribution pattern along the south-north transect compared with WAL-T and *** WAL-T of the transect was 2.0 m, suggesting intense soil water exchange in the 0.0–2.0 m soil layer in the study area. Soil water exchange was deeper and more intense in the middle region than in the southern and northern regions, with the values of WAL-CV and WAL-T being 27.3% and 4.3 m in the middle region,respectively. Both climatic(10.1%) and local(4.9%) factors influenced the indices of WAL, with climatic factors having a more dominant effect. Compared with multiple linear regressions, pedotransfer functions(PTFs) from arti?cial neural network can better estimate the WAL indices. PTFs developed by artificial neural network respectively explained 86%, 81% and 64% of the total

关键词： water active layer soil water content redundancy analysis pedotransfer function artificial neural network Loess Plateau

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Assessment of Plant-Driven Mineral Weathering in an Aggrading Forested Watershed in Subtropical China

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Pedosphere 2016年第6期26卷 817-828页

作者： ZUO Shuangmiao YANG Jinling huang laiming David G.ROSSITER ZHANG Ganlin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China) Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101(China) Section of Crop&Soil Sciences Cornell UniversityIthaca NY14853(USA)

Plant growth contributes to mineral weathering, but this contribution remains poorly understood. Weathering rates in an aggrading forested watershed in subtropical China were studied by means of geochemical mass balance. Rainfall, dry deposition, and streamwater were monitored from March 2007 to February 2012. Samples of vegetative components, rainfall, dry deposition, streamwater, representative soils, and parent rock were collected and determined for mass balance calculation and clarifying plant-driven weathering mechanisms stoichiometrically. Ignoring biomass, weathering rates of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Na^＋, and Si were 25.6, 10.7, 2.8, and 51.0 kg ha^-1 year^-1, respectively. Taking biomass into consideration, weathering rates of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, and Si and the sum of weathering rates of Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Na^＋, K^＋, and Si were 2.6, 1.8, 1.2, and 1.5-fold higher than those ignoring biomass, respectively. This is attributed to plant-driven weathering due to the nutrient （e.g., Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, and K^＋） absorption by vegetation and substantial proton production during assimilation of these nutrients, with the former acting as a pump for removing weathering products and the latter being a source of weathering agents solubilizing mineral components. The same pattern of weathering, i.e., higher rates of weathering with than without including biomass in mass balance calculation, was reported in previous studies; however, the extent to which plants drive weathering rates varied with vegetation types and climatic zones. The documented biological weathering driven by plants is expected to play a critical role in regulating nutrient cycling and material flows within the Earth＇s Critical Zone.

关键词： biogeochemistry biomass Earth's Critical Zone geochemical mass balance nutrient absorption stoichiometric analysis,vegetation weathering mechanisms

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Vertical distribution and storage of soil organic and inorganic carbon in a typical inland river basin,Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第2期10卷 183-201页

作者： YANG Fan huang laiming YANG Renmin YANG Fei LI Decheng ZHAO Yuguo YANG Jinling LIU Feng ZHANG Ganlin State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Knowledge of soil carbon（C） distribution and its relationship with the environment can improve our understanding of its biogeochemical cycling and help to establish sound regional models of C cycling. However, such knowledge is limited in environments with complex landscape configurations. In this study, we investigated the vertical distribution and storage of soil organic carbon（SOC） and soil inorganic carbon（SIC） in the 10 representative landscapes（alpine meadow, subalpine shrub and meadow, mountain grassland, mountain forest, typical steppe, desert steppe, Hexi Corridor oases cropland, Ruoshui River delta desert, Alxa Gobi desert, and sandy desert） with contrasting bioclimatic regimes in the Heihe River Basin, Northwest China. We also measured the 87 Sr/86 Sr ratio in soil carbonate to understand the sources of SIC because the ratio can be used as a proxy in calculating the contribution of pedogenic inorganic carbon（PIC） to total SIC. Our results showed that SOC contents generally decreased with increasing soil depth in all landscapes, while SIC contents exhibited more complicated variations along soil profiles in relation to pedogenic processes and parent materials at the various landscapes. There were significant differences of C stocks in the top meter among different landscapes, with SOC storage ranging from 0.82 kg C/m^2 in sandy desert to 50.48 kg C/m^2 in mountain forest and SIC storage ranging from 0.19 kg C/m^2 in alpine meadow to 21.91 kg C/m^2 in desert steppe. SIC contributed more than 75% of total C pool when SOC storage was lower than 10 kg C/m^2, and the proportion of PIC to SIC was greater than 70% as calculated from Sr isotopic ratio, suggesting the critical role of PIC in the C budget of this region. The considerable variations of SOC and SIC in different landscapes were attributed to different pedogenic environments resulted from contrasting climatic regimes, parent materials and vegetation types. This study provides an evidence for a general t

关键词： Heihe River Basin arid ecosystem soil landscape pedogenesis pedogenic carbonate SOC CaCO3

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土壤中铁锰结核微结构与组分研究进展

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土壤学报 2023年第2期60卷 317-331页

作者：王祎黄来明中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049

铁锰结核是土壤演化过程中形成的一种特殊新生体,其内部同心圆环带构造可用于反演古气候条件和成土环境,其组分可为微生物代谢提供营养元素和能量,进而影响土壤中养分和重金属的转化、固定与释放。本文综述了近几十年来国内外学者对土... 详细信息

铁锰结核是土壤演化过程中形成的一种特殊新生体,其内部同心圆环带构造可用于反演古气候条件和成土环境,其组分可为微生物代谢提供营养元素和能量,进而影响土壤中养分和重金属的转化、固定与释放。本文综述了近几十年来国内外学者对土壤中铁锰结核研究所取得的进展,包括铁锰结核形成机制、演变过程与影响因素,不同地区铁锰结核微结构与组分差异,以及铁锰结核对养分转化与重金属吸附的影响。未来需进一步研究不同成土阶段铁锰结核形成速率与环境阈值,构建不同成土环境中铁锰结核演化模型,阐明铁锰结核对土壤中养分和重金属的固释机理,以期更好地理解地表关键带土壤发生过程与元素生物地球化学循环,为定量评价变化环境下土壤质量和功能提供依据。

关键词：土壤发生新生体铁锰结核氧化还原反应元素地球化学

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高寒山区不同土地利用类型土壤养分化学计量特征及影响因素

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生态学报 2022年第11期42卷 4415-4427页

作者：赵雯黄来明中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049

了解高寒地区不同土地利用类型下土壤养分化学计量特征及其影响因素可为评估脆弱生态系统土壤质量和功能提供参数。通过测定青海省东部24个样点0-30 cm土壤基本理化性质(pH、容重BD、孔隙度P_(s)、黏粒含量C_(y)、土壤含水量SWC、有机碳... 详细信息

了解高寒地区不同土地利用类型下土壤养分化学计量特征及其影响因素可为评估脆弱生态系统土壤质量和功能提供参数。通过测定青海省东部24个样点0-30 cm土壤基本理化性质(pH、容重BD、孔隙度P_(s)、黏粒含量C_(y)、土壤含水量SWC、有机碳SOC、全氮TN、全磷TP、速效氮AN和速效磷AP),并提取各样点环境因子数据(年均温MAT、年均降雨量MAP、年均蒸发量E_(a)、植被归一化指数NDVI、海拔ALT、坡度SG、地表粗糙度SR、经度LON和纬度LAT),分析了农、林、草三种土地利用类型下土壤养分化学计量比分布特征及其影响因素。结果表明,农地土壤有机碳SOC和全氮TN含量显著低于林地和草地(P0.05)。农、林、草地不同深度土壤C∶N(平均值19.93,变异系数0.05),而农地C∶P和N∶P(平均值分别为19.27和0.99)却显著低于林地(平均值分别为84.88和4.12)和草地(平均值分别为75.26和3.87)(P<0.05),表明农地可能存在一定程度的缺氮现象。冗余分析表明不同土壤性质与环境因子对土壤养分化学计量比的影响和贡献率不同,对土壤养分化学计量比影响显著的环境因子按贡献率由大到小依次为:年均温度MAT(38.3%)、年均蒸发量Ea(34.9%)、海拔ALT(32.6%)、年均降水量MAP(30.2%)、纬度LAT(24.2%)及植被指数NDVI(17.9%);土壤性质的贡献率由大到小依次为:全氮TN(60.3%)、总有机碳SOC(59.2%)、容重BD(56.4%)、总孔隙度Ps(55.6%)、粘粒含量Cy(39.3%)、土壤含水量SWC(36.3%)、速效磷AP(23.6%)、pH(22.8%)、全磷TP(12.0%)和速效氮AN(9.9%)。通过提高限制元素的肥料施用量及引种固氮植物等方式,可缓解高寒山区农地缺氮现象。

关键词：高寒地区土地利用类型化学计量特征土壤养分影响因素

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