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Oriental Reed Warblers do not abandon Common Cuckoo chicks during prolonged nestling periods

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Avian Research 2024年第3期 369-373页

作者： Hanlin Yan Huahua Zhao Haixia Luo Longwu Wang laikun ma Wei Liang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands Key Laboratory of Tropical Animal and Plant Ecology of Hainan Province College of Life Sciences Hainan Normal University School of Life Sciences Guizhou Normal University School of Life Sciences Hebei University Department of Biology and Food Science Hebei Normal University for Nationalities

The Oriental Reed Warbler(Acrocephalus orientalis) is one of the most commonly used hosts for the parasitic Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus). However, as hosts that feed unrelated parasitic nestlings may suffer extra reproductive costs, they may be less willing to care for nestlings that have prolonged nestling periods. To test this hypothesis, the duration of feeding by Oriental Reed Warblers under natural conditions for their own nestlings was compared with the duration of feeding under natural conditions for Common Cuckoo nestlings and for artificially prolonged cuckoo nestlings. The results showed that Oriental Reed Warblers did not starve, drive away, or desert any of the nestlings in the experiment, and neither parent was left alone. Our experimental study indicates that both Oriental Reed Warbler parents were willing to care for nestlings with a prolonged nestling period(up to 30 days, twice the average duration time that the Oriental Reed Warblers fed their own chicks in natural conditions). However, further experiments and observations are required in other host bird species to examine whether both parents or one of the parents may exhibit the behavior of abandoning nestlings with a prolonged nestling period.

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Egg rejection and egg recognition mechanisms in Oriental Reed Warblers

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Avian Research 2021年第4期12卷 638-644页

作者： laikun ma Wei Liang Department of Biology and Food Science Hebei Normal University for NationalitiesChengde 067000China Ministry of Education Key Labora-tory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China Hebei Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Conservation Hengshui UniversityHengshui 053000China

Background:Nest parasitism by cuckoos(Cuculus spp.)results in enormous reproductive failure and forces hosts to evolve antiparasitic strategies,i.e.,recognition of own eggs and rejection of cuckoo *** are often sexual conflicts between male and female individuals in the expression of antiparasitic behavior due to the differences in reproductive inputs and division of ***:By adding a foreign egg made of blue soft clay to the host nest during early incubation period in the field,and by removing several host eggs and adding experimental eggs to control the proportion of two egg types in the nest,we examined egg rejection ability,egg recognition mechanism and sexual difference in egg rejection of the Oriental Reed Warbler(Acrocephalus orientalis),one of the major hosts of Common Cuckoos(Cuculus canorus).Results:Our results indicated that Oriental Reed Warblers can recognize and reject nearly 100%(73/75)of the nonmimetic eggs made of blue soft clay,and they could reject foreign eggs with 100%accuracy,regardless of the ratio of experimental eggs and its own eggs in the ***,all cases of egg rejections recorded by videos were only carried out by ***:Oriental Reed Warblers have a high egg recognition ability and show a true recognition *** female warblers perform egg rejection,suggesting that the sex for host egg incubation seems to play an important role in the evolution of egg recognition mechanisms.

关键词： Cuckoo parasitism Discordancy Egg recognition mechanism Egg rejection True recognition

Hawk mimicry does not reduce attacks of cuckoos by highly aggressive hosts

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Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 299-305页

作者： laikun ma Canchao Yang Wei Liang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life Sciences Hainan Normal University

Background: Resemblance to raptors such as hawks(Accipiter spp.) is considered to be an adaptive strategy of cuckoos(Cuculus spp.), which has evolved to protect cuckoos against host attacks. However, the effectiveness of the mimicry remains controversial, and is not yet fully studied for highly aggressive ***: We evaluated the effectiveness of sparrowhawk(Accipiter nisus) mimicry by common cuckoos(Cuculus canorus) in oriental reed warblers(Acrocephaus orientalis), which are highly aggressive hosts. Using a both the single and the paired dummy experiment, defense behaviors and attack intensities of oriental reed warblers against common cuckoos, sparrowhawks and oriental turtle doves(Streptopelia orientalis) were ***: Oriental reed warblers exhibit strong nest defense behaviors, and such behaviors do not change with breeding stage(i.e., egg stage and nestling stage). Furthermore, assistance from conspecific helpers may increase attack intensities. However, they were deterred from mobbing overall by the presence of the ***: Oriental reed warblers are able to distinguish cuckoos from harmless doves. However, they may be deterred from mobbing by the presence of the predatory hawk, suggesting hawk mimicry may be ineffective and does not reduce attacks of cuckoos by highly aggressive hosts.

关键词： Attack Brood parasitism Common cuckoo Mobbing Nest defense Oriental reed warbler

Nest-site Choice and Breeding Success among Four Sympatric Species of Passerine Birds in a Reedbed-dominated Wetland

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Journal of Resources and Ecology 2021年第1期12卷 22-29页

作者： ma laikun YANG Canchao LIANG Wei School of Biology and Food Science Hebei Normal University for NationalitiesChengdeHebei 067000China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

The efficacy of nest-site choice ultimately determines the breeding success of birds. Comparisons of the reproductive strategies of various bird species which inhabit the same habitat may provide insights on the evolution of the diverse life-history strategies in birds. In this study, nest-site choice and breeding success of four species of passerine birds that rely on reeds for reproduction were investigated in a wetland in Hebei, China. The four species were the Oriental reed warbler(Acrocephalus orientalis)(ORW), the blunt-winged warbler(Acrocephalus concinens)(BW), the reed parrotbill(Paradoxornis heudei)(RP), and the vinous-throated parrotbill(Sinosuthora webbiana)(VP). Our results showed that breeding nests of the four species were distributed in a mosaic pattern within the same habitat, with similar nest shapes/structures and nest-sites in the reeds. The only characteristics which differed significantly among the species were nest height above the water surface, height of reeds where nests were placed, and density of reeds around the nest site. In addition, the starting time of reproduction clearly differed for the four species. The breeding success rates of the four species were 34.5%(86/249) for ORW, 35.3%(6/17) for BW, 38.5%(15/39) for RP, and 40.9%(9/22) for VP in the two study years. The main factors affecting the breeding success were nest predation and poor weather conditions, like heavy rainstorms and wind, while nest parasitism by the common cuckoo(Cuculus canorus) represented an important factor for breeding failure only in the Oriental reed warbler. Our study demonstrated that these four sympatric species of passerine birds inhabiting the same wetland exhibit differences in terms of nest-site choice and breeding phenology.

关键词： nest-site choice breeding success sympatric species nest predation niche differentiation

Comparison of head size and bite force in two sister species of parrotbills

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Avian Research 2018年第1期9卷 27-32页

作者： Xiaodong Rao Canchao Yang laikun ma Jianwei Zhang Wei Liang Anders Pape Moller Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life Sciences Hainan Normal University Haikou 571158 China Ecologie Systematique Evolution Universite Paris-Sud CNRS AgroParisTech Universite Paris-Saclay 91405 Orsay Cedex France

Background: Brain size is associated with morphological evolution and behavioral flexibility because animals with large brain size tend to utilize new resources and colonize novel environments more ***, animals with larger brain size should possess larger distribution *** size is strongly positively correlated with head size in birds, but also with prey size and vocalizations, because individuals with large heads eat large food items and produce high frequency ***: To test if there exists an association between head morphology and bite performance, we compared head size and bite force in two sympatric sister species of parrotbills, Ashy-throated Parrotbill(Paradoxornis alphonsianus) and Vinous-throated Parrotbill(***), which both originated from the Himalayan area, but differ significantly in their distribution ***: In Guizhou, southwestern China, the Ashy-throated Parrotbill with a restricted distribution range had smaller heads whilst the Vinous-throated Parrotbill with a large distribution range had larger ***, there were no differences in head size between Ashy-throated Parrotbills and allopatric populations of Vinous-throated Parrotbills(Jiangxi and Hebei).Furthermore, the tendency of variation in bite force was opposite to that in head size with populations with larger head size having weaker bite ***: We showed that there are no differences in head size between the Ashy-throated Parrotbill and allopatric populations of Vinous-throated Parrotbill, which provides evidence for the hypothesis that differences in head size in the Guizhou populations of two sister species are probably the result of local adaptation rather than *** study has implications for avian dispersal and adaption related to head size such as diet ecology and vocalizations.

关键词： Behavioral flexibility Distribution range Paradoxornis alphonsianus Paradoxornis webbianus Sister species

Adaptation or ecological trap? Altered nest-site selection by Reed Parrotbills after an extreme flood

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Avian Research 2019年第1期10卷 13-20页

作者： laikun ma Jianwei Zhang Jianping Liu Canchao Yang Wei Liang Anders Pape M?ller Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal University Department of Biology and Food Science Hebei Normal University for Nationalities Ecologie Systématique Evolution Université Paris-SudCNRSAgroParisTechUniversité Paris-Saclay

Background:Floods and other extreme events have disastrous effects on wetland breeding ***,such events and their consequences are difficult to study due to their rarity and unpredictable ***:Here we compared nest-sites chosen by Reed Parrotbills(Paradoxornis heudei) during June-August 2016 in Yongnianwa Wetlands,Hebei Province,China,before and after an extreme flooding ***:Twenty-three nests were identified before and 13 new nests after the *** was no significant difference in most nest-site characteristics,such as distance from the road,height of the reeds in which nests were built,or nest volume before or after the ***,nests after the flood were located significantly higher in the vegetation compared to before the flood(mean ± SE:1.17 ± 0.13 m vs.0.75 ± 0.26 m,p made the nests more susceptible to other threats,such as ***' response to rare climatic events,such as flooding,may produce ecological traps if they make the animals more susceptible to other kinds of threats they are more likely to continue to encounter.

关键词： Ecological trap Floods Nest-site selection Paradoxornis heudei Phenotypic plasticity

Comparative urbanization of birds in China and Europe based on birds associated with trees

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Current Zoology 2019年第6期65卷 617-625页

作者： Anders Pape MOLLER Canwei XIA Bo ZHOU Xianli CHE Xingzhi CHE Changzhang FENG Karsten LAURSEN Federico MORELLI Wangming LI Jianping LIU Qing QUAN Min ZHANG Qiang ZHANG Qiangwen ZHAN laikun ma Haitao WANG Fasheng ZOU Wei LIANG Ecologie Systematique Evolution University Paris-SudCNRSAgroParisTechUniversity Paris-SaclayOrsay CedexFrance Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering College of Life SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijingChina Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikouChina Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationGuangdong Institute of Applied Biological ResourcesGuangzhouChina Institute of Bioscience Aarhus UniversityDenmarkDenmark Faculty of Environmental Sciences Department of Applied Geoinformatics and Spatial PlanningCzech University of Life Sciences PraguePragueCzech Republic Jilin Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Avian Ecology and Conservation Genetics Northeast Normal UniversityChangchunChina

Urbanization effects on living organisms are spatially *** we quantified the abundance of birds per tree in forested urban and rural habitats for 85,829 trees mainly in China and Europe.A population model was based on the assumption that:1)birds have a normally distributed habitat preference;2)an increase in population size linked to the habitat preference;3)a population size dependent on the habitat preference;and 4)the removal of a certain fraction of individuals giving rise to *** tested for large-scale differences in the impact of urbanization on the frequency distribution of the difference in abundance between urban and rural habitats in China and parts of *** difference in the frequency distribution of urban population density of birds in trees minus rural population density of birds in trees in China and Europe was statistically significant suggesting that the abundance of birds differed between trees in urban and rural habitats,but more so in China than in *** hypothesize that more pronounced differences in China than in Europe may have arisen due to the Four Pests Campaign in 1958-1962 that resulted in death of hundreds of millions of birds(mainly tree sparrows Passer monfanus,but also numerous other less common species that were starting to become urbanized around 1960).Species that were less common in 1960 could not sustain reductions in population size in urban areas and hence these species are still rare or absent in urban areas today 60 years later.

关键词： AN0SIM community composition distribution frequency skewness habitat preference human-bird interactions kurtosis sociality

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火烧对机场草地鸟类群落的影响

河北大学学报（自然科学版） 2015年第2期35卷 177-181页

作者：祃来坤刘建平侯建华张振群河北农业大学动物科技学院河北保定071001 河北大学生命科学学院河北保定071002

2013年11月利用路线调查法研究了火烧对机场草地鸟类群落的影响.结果表明:共记录鸟类11种,隶属于5目8科,其中优势种为麻雀(Passer montanus)、短趾百灵(Calandrella cheleensis)和喜鹊(Pica pica).同火烧区域相比,未火烧区具有最高的鸟... 详细信息

2013年11月利用路线调查法研究了火烧对机场草地鸟类群落的影响.结果表明:共记录鸟类11种,隶属于5目8科,其中优势种为麻雀(Passer montanus)、短趾百灵(Calandrella cheleensis)和喜鹊(Pica pica).同火烧区域相比,未火烧区具有最高的鸟类密度、Shannon-Weiner指数值(H')和Pielou均匀度指数值(E);火烧显著降低了鸟类群落的密度、物种多样性和均匀度(P0.05),火烧区域与未火烧区域鸟类群落物种组成具有较高的相似性.

关键词：火烧鸟类群落机场草地

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塞罕坝国家森林公园褐柳莺繁殖生物学研究

四川动物 2022年第5期41卷 500-508页

作者：汪挥胜祃来坤王姣姣侯建华河北大学河北保定071000 河北民族师范学院河北承德067000

2021年5—8月对河北塞罕坝国家森林公园褐柳莺Phylloscopus fuscatus的繁殖生物学进行了初步研究,野外共发现18个繁殖巢,对其中13个采用录像监测、5个采用人工探查的方式监测。结果表明:褐柳莺5月开始繁殖,产首枚卵时间为5月28日;94.44... 详细信息

2021年5—8月对河北塞罕坝国家森林公园褐柳莺Phylloscopus fuscatus的繁殖生物学进行了初步研究,野外共发现18个繁殖巢,对其中13个采用录像监测、5个采用人工探查的方式监测。结果表明:褐柳莺5月开始繁殖,产首枚卵时间为5月28日;94.44%的巢筑于人工种植的云杉Picea asperata和樟子松Pinus sylvestris幼苗上,为侧开口的球形巢,由枯草编织而成,内衬羽毛;卵纯白色无斑点,呈椭圆形,窝卵数(4.00±0.15)枚(n=10),卵径长(16.88±0.16)mm(n=17),卵径宽(13.11±0.16)mm(n=17),卵体积(1484.15±32.74)mm^(3)(n=17),鲜卵重为(1.39±0.02)g(n=17);孵卵期为(14.0±1.0)d(n=5),育雏期为(15.4±0.2)d(n=5)。繁殖成功率为27.78%(5/18),巢捕食占失败巢的69.23%,其中赤狐Vulpes vulpes捕食占66.67%。这项研究提供了褐柳莺在人工林繁殖的详细资料,为进一步研究该物种种群动态、繁殖策略和物种保护提供了依据。

关键词：褐柳莺繁殖生物学人工林窝卵数雏鸟生长