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Discrete Boltzmann model with split collision for nonequilibrium reactive flows

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第8期76卷 166-188页

作者： Chuandong Lin Kai h Luo huilin lai Sino-French Institute of nuclear Engineering and Technology Sun Yat-sen University Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education Department of Energy and Power Engineering Tsinghua University Department of Mech.nical Engineering National University of Singapore Department of Mech.nical Engineering University College London School of Mathematics and Statistics Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications (Ministry of Education) Fujian Key Laboratory of Analytical Mathematics and Applications (FJKLAMA) Center for Applied Mathematics of Fujian Province (FJNU) Fujian Normal University

A multi-relaxation-time discrete Boltzmann model(DBM) with split collision is proposed for both subsonic and supersonic compressible reacting flows, where chemical reactions take place among various components. The physical model is based on a unified set of discrete Boltzmann equations that describes the evolution of each chemical species with adjustable acceleration, specific heat ratio, and Prandtl number. On the right-h.nd side of discrete Boltzmann equations, the collision,force, and reaction terms denote the ch.nge rates of distribution functions due to self-and crosscollisions, external forces, and chemical reactions, respectively. The source terms can be calculated in three ways, among which the matrix inversion method possesses the highest physical accuracy and computational efficiency. Through Chapman–Enskog analysis, it is proved that the DBM is consistent with the reactive navier–Stokes equations, Fick's law and the Stefan–Maxwell diffusion equation in the hydrodynamic limit. Compared with the one-step-relaxation model, the split collision model offers a detailed and precise description of hydrodynamic, thermodynamic, and chemical nonequilibrium effects. Finally, the model is validated by six benchmarks, including multicomponent diffusion, mixture in the force field, Kelvin–helmholtz instability, flame at constant pressure, opposing chemical reaction, and steady detonation.

关键词： detonation discrete Boltzmann method nonequilibrium effect reactive flow

Self-polarized RGB device realized by semipolar micro-LEDs and perovskite-in-polymer films for backlight applications

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Opto-Electronic Advances 2024年第3期7卷 35-49页

作者： Tingwei Lu Yue Lin Tianqi Zh.ng Yue huang Xiaotong Fan Shouqiang lai Yijun Lu hao-chung Kuo Zh.ng Ch.n Tingzhu Wu Rong Zh.ng School of Electronic Science and Engineering Fujian Engineering Research Center for Solid-State LightingXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province(IKKEM) Xiamen 361005China Department of Photonics and Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer EngineeringYang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityHsinchu 30010China Semiconductor Research Center Hon Hai Research InstituteTaipei 11492China.

In backlighting systems for liquid crystal displays,conventional red,green,and blue(RGB)light sources that lack polarization properties can result in a significant optical loss of up to 50%wh.n passing through a *** address this inefficiency and optimize energy utilization,this study presents a high-performance device designed for RGB polarized *** device employs an array of semipolar blueμLEDs with inherent polarization capabilities,coupled with mech.nically stretched films of green-emitting CsPbBr3 nanorods and red-emitting CsPbI3-Cs4PbI6 hybrid *** CsPbBr3 nanorods in the polymer film offer intrinsic polarization emission,while the aligned-wire structures formed by the stable CsPbI3-Cs4PbI6 hybrid nanocrystals contribute to substantial anisotropic emissions,due to their high dielectric *** resulting device achieved RGB polarization degrees of 0.26,0.48,and 0.38,respectively,and exhibited a broad color gamut,reach.ng 137.2%of the nTSC standard and 102.5%of the Rec.2020 *** compared to a device utilizing c-plane LEDs for excitation,the current approach increased the intensity of light transmitted through the polarizer by 73.6%.This novel fabrication approach for polarized devices containing RGB components holds considerable promise for advancing next-generation display technologies.

关键词： halide perovskite light-emitting-diodes polarized emission nanocrystals stability

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Self-adhesive pads in defi brillation or cardioversion: risks due to unfamiliarity and recommendations

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World Journal of Emergency Medicine 2024年第1期15卷 64-66页

作者： h.nsol chung Department of Emergency Medicine Yeungnam University College of MedicineDaegu 42415Republic of Korea

During cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR),defibrillation,or cardioversion,the use of self-adhesive pads instead of conventional paddles has gradually become *** particular,it was recommended during the COVID-19 pandemic,as it allows defibrillation or cardioversion to be performed without close contact between the rescuer and patient.[1,2]Self-adhesive pads can minimize the downtime of chest compressions before and after defibrillation and protect the patient from electric arc formation,skin burns,and fi *** the pads are attached,electrocardiographic rhythm analysis,defibrillation,synchronous cardioversion,and cardiovascular support are all *** paddles,self-adhesive pads can save time because the application of conductive jelly,repeated positioning,and application of 10-12 kg of pressure on the chest are not *** European Resuscitation Council(ERC)Guidelines 2021 state that the use of self-adhesive pads is recommended in advanced cardiovascular life support(ACLS).[3]nevertheless,some medical staff still tend to prefer the use of conventional paddles instead of self-adhesive pads in hospitals.

关键词： attached cardio conductive

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Enh.nced Fenton-like process over Cu/L(+)-ascorbic acid co-doping mesoporous silica for toxicity reduction of emerging contaminants

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 49-60页

作者： Yuh.ng Liu Wenxuan Deng Xiaojun Wu Ch.n hu lai Lyu Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta(Ministry of Education) Institute of Environmental Research at Greater BayGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

Effective removal of emerging contaminants(ECs)to minimize their impacts on human health and the natural environment is a global *** the removal of ECs in water,we fabricated a seaweed spherical microsphere catalyst with Cu cation-πstructures by in situ doping of Cu species and ascorbic acid in mesoporous silica(Cu-C-MSns)via a hydrothermal *** results indicate that bisph.nol A(BPA)is substantially degraded with.n 5 min under natural conditions,with its biological toxicity considerably ***,industrial wastewater could also be effectively purified by Cu-C-MSns/h_(2)O_(2) *** presence of metal sites and the complexation of ECs via cation-πinteraction andπ-πstacking on the catalyst surface were directly responsible for the polarization distribution of electrons,thus activating h_(2)O_(2) and dissolved oxygen(DO).The removal of contaminants could be attributed primarily to 1)the activation of h_(2)O_(2) into ^(·)Oh to attack the contaminants and 2)self-cleavage because of the transfer of electrons from the contaminants to the *** study provides an innovative solution for the effective treatment of ECs and has positive implications for easing global environmental crises.

关键词： Cation-πstructures Polarization electric field Fenton-like process Contaminants cleavage

Prostate health index can stratify patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on magnetic resonance imaging to reduce prostate biopsies

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第1期26卷 20-24页

作者： John Sh.ng-lai Leung Wai-Kit Ma Brian Sze-ho ho Stacia Tsun-Tsun Ch.n Rong na Yongle Zh.n Chi-Yuen ng Chi-ho Ip Ada Tsui-Lin ng Yiu-chung Lam Division of Urology Department of SurgeryQueen Mary HospitalUniversity of Hong KongHong KongChina Division of Urology Department of SurgeryPrincess Margaret HospitalHongKongChina

We aim to evaluate prostate health index as an additional risk-stratification tool in patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance *** with biochemical or clinical suspicion of having prostate cancer who underwent multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging in two tertiary centers(Queen Mary hospital and Princess Margaret hospital,h.ng Kong,Ch.na)between January 2017 and June 2022 were ***-magnetic resonance imaging fusion biopsies were performed after prostate health index *** who only had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions were further stratified into four prostate health index risk groups and the cancer detection rates were *** of the 747 patients,47.3%had Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 lesions *** detection rate of clinically significant prostate cancer in this group was 15.0%.The cancer detection rates of clinically significant prostate cancer had statistically significant differences:5.3%in prostate health indexn prostate health index 25.0-34.9,17.9%in prostate health index 35.0-54.9,and 52.6%in prostate health index≥55.0(Png the patients,26.9%could have avoided a biopsy with a prostate health indexhe expense of a 5.3%risk of missing clinically significant prostate *** health index could be used as an additional risk stratification tool for patients with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score 3 *** could be avoided in patients with low prostate health index,with a small risk of missing clinically significant prostate cancer.

关键词： biopsy fusion biopsy magnetic resonance imaging prostate cancer prostate health index

highly reversible Zn anode enabled by anticatalytic carbon layer with suppressed hydrogen evolution

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Rare Metals 2024年第7期43卷 3044-3054页

作者： Wen-Duo Zh.ng Chuang Sun Yu-Xuan Zhu Feng Gao Chao lai School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal University

Aqueous zinc-ion batteries（AZIBs） have emerged as a promising high-efficiency energy storage system due to the high energy density,low-cost and environmental ***,the practical application of AZIBs is severely restricted by the challenges faced by the Zn anode,which include uncontrollable dendrite growth,corrosion and hydrogen evolution ***,a simple and convenient physical vapor deposition（PVD）method is reported for fabricating uniform graphite as a protection layer on the surface of Zn *** high conductivity graphite layer on Zn anode（denoted as Zn@C） not only benefits the uniform distribution of the electric field,but also provides numerous Zn nucleation sites to regulate and navigate Zn-ion stripping/plating ***,the graphite layer with a poor catalytic activity endows the Zn@C anode with a highly suppressed hydrogen ***,a hydrogen and dendrite free anode is achieved with artificial anticatalytic carbon layer on Zn anode,exhibiting a high reversibility and excellent cycling stability over 2600 h at the current density of 5 mA·cm-2with a capacity of 2.5 mAh·cm-2and longtime cycling stability for assembled full *** work strategically designs the properties of the artificial interface layer to effectively address various challenges simultaneously,which presents insights for the future development of high-performance rechargeable AZIBs.

关键词： Zn metal anode Artificial anticatalytic layer hydrogen suppression Dendrite free

Cr-catalyzed allylic C(sp^(3))–h addition to aldehydes enabled by photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer

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Science Ch.na Chemistry 2024年第5期67卷 1589-1595页

作者： Xianrong Zeng Feng-hua Zh.ng Runch.n lai Xiaoyu Lin Zhaobin Wang Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province Department of ChemistrySchool of Science and Research Center for Industries of the FutureWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310030China Institute of natural Sciences Westlake Institute for Advanced StudyHangzhou 310024China Key Laboratory of Precise Synthesis of Functional Molecules of Zhejiang Province Instrumentation and Service Center for Molecular SciencesWestlake UniversityHangzhou 310024China

Photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer(LMCT) has emerged as an effective strategy for synthesizing organic molecules in a sustainable manner. however, the majority of existing reports on selective C(sp^(3))–h bond functionalization via photoinduced LMCT focus on the use of late transition metals or rare-earth metals for radical additions or cross-couplings. In contrast, the utilization of photoinduced LMCT with 3d early transition metals poses a significant challenge. herein, we describe an unprecedented approach to allylic C(sp^(3))–h addition to aldehydes, employing chromium(Cr) complexes as catalysts through visible-light-induced LMCT. By investigating the reaction pathway through various mech.nistic studies, including radical trapping, kinetic isotope effect(KIE) analysis, and transient absorption spectroscopy, valuable insights have been gained. The proposed mech.nism suggests the intermediacy of bromine radicals through homolysis of the Cr–Br bond. notably, this protocol expands our understanding of the photochemical properties of earth-abundant Cr complexes.

关键词： Cr catalysis photoinduced ligand-to-metal charge transfer hydrogen-atom transfer carbonyl addition

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Accurate identification of glass crystallization helps in selecting high electronic conductivity materials

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Progress in natural Science:Materials International 2024年第3期34卷 503-511页

作者： Fanhou Kong Shuli Li Suoqi Zhao huiwen Li Lin Li Zh.nting Zang Rui Zh.ng h.ngrui Liu Leh.n Wang Ch.ngjiu Li Keng h.chung Dongying Key Laboratory of new Energy Materials and Devices & School of Chemical Engineering Shandong Institute of Petroleum and Chemical Technology Special Glass Key Lab of hainan Province & State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South Ch.na Sea Hainan University

Though the current research on vanadium-based glass electrodes has made great progress, the conductivity theory of V-based glasses has not been obviously improved and crystals cannot be positioned precisely. The ch.nges in the valence state of V3+, V4+and V5+are regulated by the strong reducing agent Fe2P to realize valence bond transformation of the amorphous electrode, explore the redox process of multi-electron reactions and further optimize the conductivity of electrode materials. VPFe2 and VPFe3 precipitate VO2crystals and VPFe4 precipitates VO2and V6O11crystals. Electron back-scattered diffraction was used to accurately identify the distribution and specific positions of both types of crystals. V6O11crystals exhibit a strong texture according to pole figure and inverse pole figure. XPS reveals that Fe2P and V2O5, undergo a redox reaction during the hightemperature melting process, where V5+is reduced to V4+and V3+and V4+renders a positive influence on conductivity. The addition of Fe2P increases the content of V4+in the glass and VPFe3 glass contains the highest content of V4+, leading to the highest electronic conductivity. V2O5transforms into VO2crystals and VO2transforms into V6O11with the increase of Fe2P content. The type of nanocrystal precipitation in glass affects electronic conductivity.

关键词： Electron back-scattered diffraction Electronic conductivity Glass crystallization Multi-electron reactions V2O5

On the role of sliding friction effect in nonlinear tri-hybrid vibration-based energy harvesting

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Applied Mathematics and Mech.nics(English Edition) 2024年第8期45卷 1295-1314页

作者： Jiamei WAnG Siukai lai Ch.n WAnG Yiting Zh.nG Zhaolin Ch.n Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The Hong Kong Polytechnic University The h.ng Kong Polytechnic University Sh.nzh.n Research Institute hebei Key Laboratory of Mech.nical Reliability for heavy Equipments and Large Structures Yanshan University School of Aeronautics Northwestern Polytechnical University

This work aims to develop an experimental investigation into the effectiveness of the sliding-mode approach for hybrid vibration-based energy harvesting. A proposed sliding-mode triboelectric-electromagnetic-piezoelectric energy harvesting model involves a cantilever beam with a tip mass exposed to magnetic and frictional forces. The experimental findings indicate that the system can achieve its peak inter-well oscillation output with.n a low-frequency range of 4 hz–6 hz. Friction has a lesser impact on the open-circuit voltage output at an excitation acceleration of 1.5g compared with 1g. The distribution of tri-stability ch.nges with the presence of friction. This model provides a deeper understanding of the influence of the dry friction coefficient(0.2–0.5) on the interactive behaviors of different generator units.

关键词： 70K40 74h45 friction nonlinear behavior O322 sliding mode tri-hybrid energy harvesting