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Laser Powder Bed Fusion of Beta-Type Titanium Alloys for Biomedical Application:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 17-28页

作者： Xuan Luo Chao Yang Dongdong Li Lai-chang Zhang State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die&Mould Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan430074China National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Materials Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Processing and Forming of Advanced Metallic MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou510640China Centre for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing School of EngineeringEdith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA6027Australia

Additive manufacturing ofβ-type titanium alloy is expected to replace Ti-6Al-4V alloy in the field of orthopedic implantation because of their low elastic modulus,excellent corrosion resistance,and biocompatibility.After briefly introducing the laser powder bed fusion(LPBF)process and physical phenomena,this paper reviews the recent progresses in LPBF-edβ-type Ti alloys.The strategies to strengthening and tougheningβ-type Ti alloys are critically reviewed.This is followed by the processing routes employed to achieve to low modulus for orthopedic applications,especially a new methodology for tailoring crystallographic orientation called multi-track coupled directional solidification.The effect of processing and compositions on performance metrics ofβ-type Ti alloys included corrosion behavior,and biocompatibility is reviewed.In the end,challenges in additive manufacturing ofβ-type Ti alloys in future are highlighted,with the aim to ensue clinical application of LPBF-edβ-type Ti alloys.

关键词： β-type Ti alloys Laser powder bed fusion Mechanical properties Elastic modulus Biocompatibility

Selective laser melting of bulk immiscible alloy with enhanced strength:Heterogeneous microstructure and deformation mechanisms

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第9期104卷 81-87页

作者： Shengfeng Zhou Min Xie changyi Wu Yanliang Yi Dongchu Chen Lai-chang Zhang MOE Key Lab of Disaster Forecast and Control in Engineering Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin Polytechnic UniversityTianjin 300387China Department of Educational Science Hunan First Normal UniversityChangsha 410205China School of Materials Science and Energy Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan 528225China School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA 6027Australia

To overcome the dimension limits of immiscible alloys produced by traditional techniques and enhance their mechanical properties,bulk Cu-Fe-based immiscible alloy with abundant nanotwins and stacking faults was successfully produced by selective laser melting(SLM).The SLM-produced bulk immiscible alloy displays a heterogeneous microstructure characterized by micro-scaledγ-Fe particles dispersed in fineε-Cu matrix with a high fraction(~92%)of high-angle grain boundaries.Interestingly,abundant nanotwins and stacking faults are generated in the interior of nano-scaledγ-Fe particles embedded withinε-Cu matrix.The heterogeneous interface of soft domains(ε-Cu)and hard domains(γ-Fe)not only induces the geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)but also affects the dislocation propagation during plastic deformation.Therefore,the bimodal heterogeneous interface,and the resistance of nanotwins and stacking faults to the propagation of partial dislocation make the bulk immiscible alloy exhibit an enhanced strength of~590 MPa and a good ductility of~8.9%.

关键词： Immiscible alloy Selective laser melting Heterogeneous microstructure Nanotwins Stacking faults

Efficient nanostructured heterogeneous catalysts by electrochemical etching of partially crystallized Fe-based metallic glass ribbons

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第2期61卷 159-168页

作者： Qiaoyue zhang Shun-Xing Liang Zhe Jia Wenchang zhang Weimin Wang Lai-chang Zhang School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA 6027Australia Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen(CENIDE) University of Duisburg-EssenUniversitaetsstrasse 7Essen 45141Germany School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering.UNSW Sydney SydneyNSW 2052Australia Ji'an Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Jiangxi Province Ji'anJiangxi Province 343000China School of Materials Science and Engineering.Shandong University JinanShandong Province 250061China

Although an increasing interest has been attracted to further develop heterostructured catalysts from metallic glasses(MGs) by heat treatment, overcoming surface oxidation effect is still a critical problem for such environmental catalysts. Herein, a short-time electrochemical etching of partially crystallized Febased ribbons in 0.3 M H3 PO4 electrolyte enables the formation of honeycomb-like nanoporous structure as effective catalytic active sites in Fenton-like process. Studies of structure and surface morphologies reveal that the formation of nanoporous structure by potentiostatic etching originates from electrochemical potential difference of nanocrystals(a-Fe(Si) and Fe2 B) and residual amorphous phase in partially crystallized ribbons, where Fe2 B having a lower open circuit potential tends to be selectively dissolved.Simultaneously, thin oxide layer after electrochemical etching exposes more active sites for H2 O2 activation and provides an effective protection of nanocrystals from massive loss during etching. Investigation of optimal processing conditions suggests that the selection of electrolyte plays an important role;dye degradation rates of etched ribbons in HNO3 and Na2 SO4 electrolytes can also achieve at least 2 times higher than that of as-annealed ribbons. This work holds the promise to develop novel environmental catalysts by effective electrochemical etching of partially crystallized ribbons.

关键词： Metallic glass Nanoporous structure Crystallization Electrochemical etching Selective dissolution

Additive manufacturing of metallic glasses and high-entropy alloys:Significance,unsettled issues,and future directions

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第9期140卷 79-120页

作者： Haishun Liu Dengfeng Yang Qi Jiang Yangyang Jiang Weiming Yang Lin Liu Lai-chang Zhang School of Materials Sciences and Physics China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering School of Mechanics and Civil EngineeringChina University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die&Mould Technology and School of Materials Science and Engineering Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA 6027Australia

As two kinds of well-known prominent high-performance alloys,metallic glasses(MGs)and high-entropy alloys(HEAs)have attracted increasing attention.Most of them contain multiple alloying components,demonstrate intriguing microstructures,and exhibit excellent properties;however,their unique performances are closely dependent on the fabrication process,although they are limited due to the need for rapid solidification during fabrication.On the other hand,additive manufacturing(AM)can be used to fabricate complex parts via rapid solidification,thus saving materials.These advantages provide AM with a great possibility to produce MG and HEA materials with tunable microstructures therefore properties,and corresponding parts with complex geometries,large dimensions,and more functions.This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic overview of the manufacturing and properties of MGs and HEAs using AM techniques.The correlation between MGs and HEAs with conventional manufacturing meth-ods and the difficulties encountered are retrospectively discussed.Afterward,this review specifically focuses on the recent research advances in MGs and HEAs fabricated using AM technologies.Then,various properties of the AM-fabricated MGs and HEAs are discussed.Finally,the remaining issues and potential solutions,challenges,and future directions on the AM of MGs and HEAs are also presented.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Powder bed fusion Metallic glasses High-entropy alloys Research status

Metallurgy and Solidification Microstructure Control of Fusion-Based Additive Manufacturing Fabricated Metallic Alloys:A Review

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 29-53页

作者： Qiang Li Xing-Ran Li Bai-Xin Dong Xiao-Long zhang Shi-Li Shu Feng Qiu Lai-chang Zhang Zhi-Hui zhang Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering(Ministry of Education) and College of Bionic Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130022China Institute of Structured and Architected Materials Liaoning Academy of MaterialsShenyang110167China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130025China School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Jilin UniversityChangchun130025China School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA6027Australia

The metal-based additive manufacturing(AM),also referred to as metal 3D printing,has drawn particular interest because it enables direct creation,aided by computationally-directed path design,of intricate components with site-specific compositions and geometrical requirements as well as low buy-to-fly ratios.During the last two decades,the objective of this revolutionary technology has been shifting from only“rapid prototyping”to advanced manufacturing of special high-end products or devices,which,in many aspects,outperform conventional manufacturing technologies.For fusion-based AM,significant progress has been achieved in understanding the processing window of macroscopic scales,non-equilibrium metallurgy of mesoscale scales,and grain evolution of microscopic scales.Although the versatile capacity of AM facilitates new avenues for discovering advanced materials and structures,their potential has still not been fully explored.Given the unique non-equilibrium solidification during the AM process,coarse columnar grains with strong textures are usually developed along the build direction,which downgrades the mechanical performance.To push the limits of this digital manufacturing,this review attempts to provide in-depth and comprehensive overviews of the recent progress in understanding the evolution and control of the as-built microstructure that has been made recently and the challenges encountered during the AM process.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Temperature field Microstructure control Nanoparticles Functionally graded materials

Tuning d-spacing of graphene oxide nanofiltration membrane for effective dye/salt separation

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Rare Metals 2023年第2期42卷 418-429页

作者： Chao Xing chang-Yu Liu Chao lai Shan-Qing zhang Center for Clean Environment and Energy School of Environment and ScienceGold Coast CampusGriffith UniversitySouthportQLD4222Australia School of Chemistry and Materials Science Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou221116China School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences Wuyi UniversityJiangmen529020China

The interlayer spacing(i.e.,d-spacing)plays a crucial role in determining the selectivity and permeability of nanofiltration membranes.A high-throughput directional filtration can be achieved by designing and controlling the d-spacing.In this study,the d-spacing of a graphene oxide(GO)membrane was tuned and fixed to the desired value(approximately 0.79 nm)using a solution of polyethyleneimine(PEI)and GO at a PEI/GO mass ratio of15:1.The resultant PEI/GO was deposited on a polyacrylonitrile(PAN)substrate to form a robust composite nanofiltration membrane(a PEI/GO@PAN membrane).The as-prepared membrane exhibited an ultrahigh flux of117.8 L·m^(-2)·h^(-1),and the rejection values for Direct Red80(DR80)and Na_(2)SO_(4)reached 99.7%and<1.7%,respectively;these are desirable values for dye/salt separation.The PEI/GO@PAN membrane exhibited an excellent filtration performance,and had a longer lifespan and excellent reusability because of its reinforced nature.This work suggested that tuning the d-spacing with PEI would be an effective strategy to achieve the anticipated functions of nanofiltration membranes.

关键词： Separation Nanofiltration Graphene oxide Membrane d-spacing

Microstructure evolution and deformation mechanism ofα+βdual-phase Ti-xNb-yTa-2Zr alloys with high performance

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第36期131卷 68-81页

作者： Ting zhang Daixiu Wei Eryi Lu Wen Wang Kuaishe Wang Xiaoqing Li Lai-chang Zhang Hidemi Kato Weijie Lu Liqiang Wang State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Material Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200240China School of Metallurgical Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an710055China Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University2-1-1 KatahiraSendaiMiyagi980-8577Japan Department of Stomatology Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai200127China Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH-Royal Institute of Technology10044StockholmSweden School of Engineering Edith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA 6027Australia

Biomedicalβ-phase Ti-Nb-Ta-Zr alloys usually exhibit low elastic modulus with inadequate strength.In the present work,a series of newly developed dual-phase Ti-xNb-yTa-2Zr(wt.%)alloys with high performance were investigated in which the stability ofβ-phase was reduced under the guidelines of ab initio calculations and d-electronic theory.The effects of Nb and Ta contents on the microstructure,compressive and tensile properties were investigated.Results demonstrate that the designed Ti-xNb-yTa-2Zr alloys exhibit typical characteristics ofα+βdual-phase microstructure.The microstructure of the alloys is more sensitive to Nb rather than Ta.The as-cast alloys exhibit needle-likeα′martensite at a lower Nb content of 3 wt.%and lamellarα′martensite at an Nb content of 5 wt.%.Among the alloys,the Ti-3Nb-13Ta-2Zr alloy shows the highest compressive strength(2270±10 MPa)and compressive strain(74.3%±0.4%).This superior performance is due to the combination ofα+βdual-phase microstructure and stressinducedα"martensite.Besides,lattice distortion caused by Ta element also contributes to the compressive properties.Nb and Ta contents of the alloys strongly affect Young's modulus and tensile properties after rolling.The as-rolled Ti-3Nb-13Ta-2Zr alloy exhibits much lower modulus due to lower Nb content as well as moreα"martensite andβphase with a good combination of low modulus and high strength among all the designed alloys.Atom probe tomography analysis reveals the element partitioning between theαandβphases in which Ta concentration is higher than Nb in theαphase.Also,the concentration of Ta is lower than that of Nb in theβphase,indicating that theβ-stability of Nb is higher than that of Ta.This work proposes modernα+βdual-phase Ti-xNb-yTa-2Zr alloys as a new concept to design novel biomedical Ti alloys with high performance.

关键词： Titanium alloy Phase stability Martensite Phase transformation Mechanical behavior

Additive manufacturing techniques and their biomedical applications

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2017年第4期5卷 286-298页

作者： Yujing Liu Wei Wang Lai-chang Zhang School of Engineering Edith Cowan UniversityPerthWAAustralia School of Medical and Health Sciences Edith Cowan UniversityPerthWAAustralia

Additive manufacturing(AM),also known as three-dimensional(3D)printing,is gaining increasing attention in medical fields,especially in dental and implant areas.Because AM technologies have many advantages in comparison with traditional technologies,such as the ability to manufacture patient-specific complex components,high material utilization,support of tissue growth,and a unique customized service for individual patients,AM is considered to have a large potential market in medical fields.This brief review presents the recent progress of 3D-printed biomedical materials for bone applications,mainly for metallic materials,including multifunctional alloys with high strength and low Young’s modulus,shape memory alloys,and their 3D fabrication by AM technologies.It describes the potential of 3D printing techniques in precision medicine and community health.

关键词： 3D printing titanium porous implants mechanical properties orthopedic surgery

Unveiling the Contribution of Lactic Acid to the Passivation Behavior of Ti-6Al-4V Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion in Hank’s Solution

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第1期37卷 102-118页

作者： Yu-Hang Chu Liang-Yu Chen Bo-Yuan Qin Wenbin Gao Fanmin Shang Hong-Yu Yang Lina zhang Peng Qin Lai-chang Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang212100China Foshan(Southern China)Institute for New Materials Foshan528200China Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of Education and Department of Materials Science and EngineeringJilin UniversityChangchun130025China Centre for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing School of EngineeringEdith Cowan University270 Joondalup DriveJoondalupPerthWA6027Australia

In actual physiological environments,bacteria can activate the immune system and release lactic acid.However,the detailed contribution of lactic acid to the passivation behavior of titanium(Ti)alloys is still unclear.The current work investigated the in vitro passivation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V(TC4)alloys fabricated by laser powder bed fusion in Hank's solution with and without adding lactic acid.Electrochemical methods,inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were jointly used.Adding lactic acid decreases the corrosion resistance of samples by degrading the formed passive film.The film formed in the(lactic acid)-containing solution exhibits a higher level of oxygen vacancies and a lower thickness,attributed to the suppressed formation of Ti^(4+)transformed from Ti^(3+)and Ti^(2+).Moreover,the presence of lactic acid would increase the open circuit potential,relieve the ions release,and hinder the deposition of calcium phosphates within 24 h immersion.

关键词： Titanium alloy Corrosion behavior Passive film Lactic acid Laser powder bed fusion