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Establishment of human cerebral organoid systems to model early neural development and assess the central neurotoxicity of environmental toxins

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 242-252页

作者： Daiyu Hu Yuanqing Cao Chenglin Cai Guangming Wang Min Zhou Luying Peng Yantao Fan Qiong lai Zhengliang Gao Fundamental Research Center Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center)School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Institute of Geriatrics(Shanghai University) Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)Shanghai University School of MedicineNantongJiangsu ProvinceChina Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair Shanghai University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Key Laboratory of Arrhythmias Ministry of EducationShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina

Human brain development is a complex process,and animal models often have significant *** address this,researchers have developed pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional structures,known as brain-like organoids,to more accurately model early human brain development and *** enable more consistent and intuitive reproduction of early brain development,in this study,we incorporated forebrain organoid culture technology into the traditional unguided method of brain organoid *** involved embedding organoids in matrigel for only 7 days during the rapid expansion phase of the neural epithelium and then removing them from the matrigel for further cultivation,resulting in a new type of human brain organoid *** cerebral organoid system replicated the temporospatial characteristics of early human brain development,including neuroepithelium derivation,neural progenitor cell production and maintenance,neuron differentiation and migration,and cortical layer patterning and formation,providing more consistent and reproducible organoids for developmental modeling and toxicology *** a proof of concept,we applied the heavy metal cadmium to this newly improved organoid system to test whether it could be used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of environmental *** organoids exposed to cadmium for 7 or 14 days manifested severe damage and abnormalities in their neurodevelopmental patterns,including bursts of cortical cell death and premature *** exposure caused progressive depletion of neural progenitor cells and loss of organoid integrity,accompanied by compensatory cell proliferation at ectopic *** convenience,flexibility,and controllability of this newly developed organoid platform make it a powerful and affordable alternative to animal models for use in neurodevelopmental,neurological,and neurotoxicological studies.

关键词： cadmium cell death cell proliferation cortical development environmental toxins neural progenitor cells neurogenesis neurotoxicology organoids stem cells

Impact of Hard Segment Structures on Fatigue Threshold of Casti

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2025年第2期43卷 303-315页

作者： Guang-Zhi Jin Le-Hang Chen Yu-Zhen Gong Peng Li Run-Guo Wang Fan-Zhu Li Yong-lai Lu State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Engineering Research Center of Elastomer Materials Energy Conservation and Resources Ministry of EducationBeijing100029China Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional polymers Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials College of Material Science and EngineeringBeijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China

The fatigue resistance of casting polyurethane(CPU)is crucial in various sectors,such as construction,healthcare,and the automotive *** its importance,no studies have reported on the fatigue threshold of *** study employed an advanced Intrinsic Strength Analyzer(ISA)to evaluate the fatigue threshold of CPUs,systematically exploring the effects of three types of isocyanates(PPDI,NDI,TDI)that contribute to hard segment structures based on the cutting *** multiple advanced characterization techniques(XRD,TEM,DSC,AFM),the results indicate that PPDI-based polyurethane exhibits the highest fatigue threshold(182.89 J/m^(2))due to a highest phase separation and a densely packed spherulitic structure,although the hydrogen bonding degree is the lowest(48.3%).Conversely,NDI-based polyurethane,despite having the high hydrogen bonding degree(53.6%),exhibits moderate fatigue performance(122.52 J/m^(2)),likely due to a more scattered ***-based polyurethane,with the highest hydrogen bonding degree(59.1%)but absence of spherulitic structure,shows the lowest fatigue threshold(46.43 J/m^(2)).Compared to common rubbers(NR,NBR,EPDM,BR),the superior fatigue performance of CPU is attributed to its well-organized microstructure,polyurethane possesses a higher fatigue threshold due to its high phase separation degree and orderly and dense spherulitic structure which enhances energy dissipation and reduces crack propagation.

关键词： Casting polyurethane Fatigue threshold Cutting method Hard segment structures Materials characterization

Qishen Granule protects against myocardial ischemia by promoting angiogenesis through BMP2-Dll4-Notch1 pathway

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2025年第1期17卷 139-147页

作者： Yiqin Hong Hui Wang Hanyan Xie xinyi Zhong Xu Chen Lishuang Yu Yawen Zhang Jingmei Zhang Qiyan Wang Binghua Tang Linghui Lu Dongqing Guo School of Life Sciences Beijing University of Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine

Objective:Therapeutic angiogenesis has become a promising approach for treating ischemic heart disease(IHD).The present study aims to investigate the effects of Qishen Granule(QSG) on angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia(MI) and the potential ***:In vivo study was conducted on rat model of myocardial *** was performed daily at a dose of 2.352 g/kg for four *** function was assessed by echocardiogram and pro-angiogenic effects were evaluated by Laser Doppler and CD31 ***-glucose deprivation(OGD) was applied in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs).Cell viability,wound healing and tube formation assay were used to test functions of *** and Western blots were used to assess protein expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 2-delta-like 4-notch homolog 1(BMP2-Dll4-Notchl)signaling ***:The results showed that QSG improved heart function,cardiac blood flow and microvessel density in myocardial ischemic *** vitro,QSG protected HUVECs by promoting the cell viability and tube *** upregulated bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP2) and downregulated delta-like 4(Dll4) and notch homolog 1(Notch1) expressions both in rats and ***:QSG protected against MI by promoting angiogenesis through BMP2-Dll4-Notch1 ***2 might be a promising therapeutic target for IHD.

关键词： angiogenesis bone morphogenetic protein-2 delta-like 4 myocardial ischemia notch homolog 1 Qishen Granule

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山西下川遗址水井背地点石核的剥片技术

人类学学报 2025年第1期44卷 14-26页

作者：蔡馨毅杜水生北京师范大学历史学院北京100875

山西下川遗址作为中国北方地区典型的旧石器时代晚期遗址,确认包含简单石核-石片技术及细石叶技术两大技术类型。现通过全面考察下川遗址水井背地点石核-石片技术所见石核的各项技术特征,归纳得出台面导向和剥片面导向两大剥片组织策略... 详细信息

山西下川遗址作为中国北方地区典型的旧石器时代晚期遗址,确认包含简单石核-石片技术及细石叶技术两大技术类型。现通过全面考察下川遗址水井背地点石核-石片技术所见石核的各项技术特征,归纳得出台面导向和剥片面导向两大剥片组织策略,并指出该地点内旧石器晚期中段的石核-石片技术以更为进步的剥片面导向组织策略为主。进而推知下川遗址石核-石片技术在旧石器晚期早段至中段的发展存在连续性与进步性,推测其中的进步性受到晚期中段共存的细石叶技术影响。两大石器技术类型发展的背后,实际反映了中国北方地区晚更新世晚期现代人迁徙与流动的空间广阔性及过程复杂性。

关键词：下川旧石器时代晚期石制品石核剥片技术

Protein-based functional hydrogel improves cutaneous nerve repair and diabetic wound healing

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Nano Research 2025年第1期18卷 586-596页

作者： Hanzhi Lu Mingrui Cui Yi Wang Xinran Du xinyi Zhou Yuhan Fang Xiaoyan Gao Ying Peng Jianyong Zhu Guang Yang Fulun Li Department of Dermatology Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine College of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringDonghua UniversityShanghai 201620China Clinical Laboratory Medicine Center Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200437China

Cutaneous nerve regeneration in diabetic wounds remains a challenge for current clinical ***,a natural protein-based functional hydrogel is developed using keratin as the sole matrix,and protocatechuic aldehyde(PA)and zinc ions as the building blocks through dual-dynamic crosslinking reactions of thiol-aldehyde addition and catecholzinc ions *** unique structural design endows the hydrogel with excellent injectability,skin adhesion,self-healing and antibacterial ability,and *** addition,this hydrogel acts as a drug carrier for the loading and sustained release of phellopterin(PP),a natural compound extracted from traditional Chinese medicine Angelica *** findings demonstrate that the PP-loaded hydrogel promotes cutaneous nerve regeneration,angiogenesis and tissue remodeling in the full-thickness wounds in both db/db and streptozotocin-induced C57BL/6 diabetic mice,notably by the synergistic effect of zinc ions and PP,showing a great potential in diabetic wound therapy.

关键词： functional hydrogel cutaneous nerve regeneration dynamic crosslinking diabetic wounds

Accurate visualization colorectal cancer by monitoring viscosity variations with a novel mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2025年第2期36卷 319-322页

作者： Fan Zheng Runsha Xiao Shuai Huang Zhikang Chen Chen lai Anyao Bi Heying Yao Xueping Feng Zihua Chen Wenbin Zeng Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Drug Research for Chronic Diseases Central South University Department of General Surgery Xiangya Hospital Central South University Hunan Key Laboratory of Precise Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumor Xiangya Hospital Central South University National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of Oncology Xiangya Hospital Central South University Department of Otolaryngology-head and Neck Surgery and Institute of Medical Sciences Xiangya Hospital Central South University

Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors worldwide, exhibiting high morbidity and mortality. Lack of efficient tools for early diagnosis and surgical resection guidance of CRC have been a serious threat to the long-term survival rate of the CRC patients. Recent studies have shown that relative higher viscosity was presented in tumor cells compared to that in normal cells, leading to viscosity as a potential biomarker for CRC. Herein, we reported the development of a series of novel viscosity-sensitive and mitochondria-specific fluorescent probes(HTB, HTI, and HTP) for CRC *** them, HTB showed high sensitivity, minimal background interference, low cytotoxicity, and significant viscous response capability, making it an ideal tool for distinguishing colorectal tumor cells from normal cells. Importantly, we have successfully utilized HTB to visualize in a CRC-cells-derived xenograft(CDX) model, enriching its medical imaging capacity, which laid a foundation for further clinical translational application.

关键词： Bioimaging Cancer diagnosis Colorectal cancer Fluorescent probe Mitochondrial-targeted Viscosity

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浅水晃荡载荷特性与近似计算方法研究

振动与冲击 2025年第1期44卷 51-60页

作者：袁心怡苏焱中山大学海洋工程与技术学院广州510275

利用高精度的Boussinesq方程建立数值模型,并结合试验手段,深入分析了矩形水箱内部浅水晃荡运动的载荷特性。研究结果显示,当无因次外部激励频率接近液体固有频率时,晃荡运动与载荷时历曲线表现出相似的非线性特征,随着激励频率的增加,... 详细信息

利用高精度的Boussinesq方程建立数值模型,并结合试验手段,深入分析了矩形水箱内部浅水晃荡运动的载荷特性。研究结果显示,当无因次外部激励频率接近液体固有频率时,晃荡运动与载荷时历曲线表现出相似的非线性特征,随着激励频率的增加,呈现出多种不同的形式。通过对载荷时历曲线进行傅里叶分析,得到了不同外部激励频率下载荷的频域分布特征。基于晃荡载荷与自由液面波高频响曲线的相似性以及载荷特性的分析结果,建立了晃荡载荷的近似计算方法。该方法在不同水深及激励幅值下表现出优良的泛化性能,能够修正共振状态下线性近似对壁面载荷的过高估计,使跳跃频率处误差减少了50%以上。利用所提出的近似方法能够在已知波高的情况下快速估计壁面载荷,为工程设计提供技术支持。

关键词：浅水晃荡载荷特性近似方法模型试验

能动调适:特大型城市数字化转型何以推进?——基于21个案例的定性比较分析

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上海行政学院学报 2025年第1期26卷 13-26页

作者：易承志邱心怡上海交通大学上海200030

城市数字化转型是推动城市治理现代化和满足人民美好生活需要的重要途径,然而既有研究对特大型城市数字化转型的条件与机制缺乏深入探讨。本研究基于TOE框架,结合注意力配置理论与整体性治理理论构建“动力模型”,以我国21个特大型城市... 详细信息

城市数字化转型是推动城市治理现代化和满足人民美好生活需要的重要途径,然而既有研究对特大型城市数字化转型的条件与机制缺乏深入探讨。本研究基于TOE框架,结合注意力配置理论与整体性治理理论构建“动力模型”,以我国21个特大型城市为案例,采用模糊集定性比较分析方法研究特大型城市数字化转型的影响因素与组态路径。研究发现,特大型城市数字化转型是技术牵引力、组织支撑力和环境助推力互动与调适的结果,推进特大型城市数字化转型存在“技术—组织驱动型”“组织—环境驱动型”“协力—复合联动型”3种模式及6条路径,组织支撑力在其中发挥更为关键的作用。特大型城市数字化转型所需条件复杂多样,强调整体性治理与注意力同步机制,科技创新能力、政府数据开放、财政资源保障与横向政府竞争在多条组态路径中扮演核心角色。政府数据开放可与多对条件组合等效替代,辅之以数字化管理体制的支撑,以“殊途同归”的方式驱动特大型城市数字化转型。

关键词：特大型城市数字化转型整体性治理注意力配置条件组态

Rab1 and Syntaxin 17 regulate hematopoietic homeostasis through β-integrin trafficking in Drosophila

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2025年第1期52卷 51-65页

作者： Fangzhou Luo Luwei Sui Ying Sun Zhixian lai Chengcheng Zhang Gaoqun Zhang Bing Bi Shichao Yu Li Hua Jin College of Life Sciences Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbinHeilongjiang 150040China Department of Developmental Immunology Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and EpigeneticsFreiburgGermany

Hematopoiesis is crucial for organismal health,and Drosophila serves as an effective genetic model due to conserved regulatory mechanisms with *** larvae,hematopoiesis primarily occurs in the lymph gland,which contains distinct zones,including the cortical zone,intermediate zone,medullary zone,and posterior signaling center(PSC).Rab1 is vital for membrane trafficking and maintaining the localization of cell adhesion molecules,yet its role in hematopoietic homeostasis is not fully *** study investigates the effects of Rab1 dysfunction on β-integrin trafficking within circulating hemocytes and lymph gland ***1 impairment disrupts the endosomal trafficking of β-integrin,leading to its abnormal localization on cell membranes,which promotes lamellocyte differentiation and alters progenitor dynamics in circulating hemocytes and lymph glands,*** also show that the mislocalization of β-integrin is dependent on the adhesion protein *** reduction of β-integrin at cell boundaries in PSC cells leads to fewer PSC cells and lamellocyte ***,Rab1 regulates the trafficking of β-integrin via the Q-SNARE protein Syntaxin 17(Syx17).Our findings indicate that Rab1 and Syx17 regulate distinct trafficking pathways for β-integrin in different hematopoietic compartments and maintain hematopoietic homeostasis of Drosophila.

关键词： Hematopoiesis Lymphgland Rab1 Syntaxin 17 β-integrin Drosophila