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Possible Experimental Mistakes in Agricultural Research

Agricultural Sciences 2019年第11期10卷 1423-1437页

作者： ladislav bláha Crop Research Institute Prague Czech Republic

The basic question is whether our contemporary methods really describe exactly the “plant world” around us, experiments or if it is the result of the current “imperfect” level of pieces of knowledge. Frankly, experiments are often burdened with many errors in sampling, in the selection of experimental plants, at the simulation of environmental stress, in light composition and lighting methods, shortly by a lot of mistakes. Experimental conditions of individual authors in evaluating the same issue often differ—that is to say, results are difficult to compare. The artificial experimental environment should simulate selected average external conditions of a given crop. Very important is the identification of important growth phases and traits that are suitable for the evaluation of the main experimental task. Bad results and also conclusions of experiments can be by either ignorance of these facts or by incorrectly prepared experiments. Very important is also a knowledge level of concerning tested problematic. The main goal is not only to point out the need for measuring important properties of plants in a physiologically correct stage of growth and development, by suitable methods but also on the influence of the properties of utilized seeds in experiments that they can modify plant growth and development. It is often forgotten that impact of stress on the seeds’ properties and through the seed traits on the plant properties, for example, the same variety in of different provenance may give different results, especially influence on the roots, because plant roots are the most sensitive part of plants. Only the different origins of used seeds in identical experiments at two workplaces can significantly change the results of every repeated standard experiment.

关键词： Agricultural Experiments Errors Possible Causes

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Changes of Seed Germination during the Year

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第3期7卷 164-174页

作者： ladislav bláha Jiří Hermuth Crop Research Institute Prague Czech Republic

It is possible to conclude that typical course of graph which analyse course of germinability during the year at every cultivar is observable. Germination usually shows a minimum in December, but mainly in January and in February. Maximum of germinability is observed in the spring and summer time. This phenomenon isn’t result of the dormancy or secondary dormancy because during of long term seed storage, germinability has similar curve every year, only number of germinative seeds stepwise decrease every year at every month of storage. Every species or cultivar of crops has a typical course of the germinability during the year. There are also species (crops), that have germination process during the year almost constant i.e., without variation during the year, but it is a minority of genotypes, rather exceptions. The annual course of germination is nearly identical to the annual course of the magnetic declination. From the theoretical practical view, there is possibility (but not certainty!) that in case of testing the seed germination at begin or end of year at genotypes with large variability of germinability during the year, that this phenomenon have negative impact on seed certification by companies producing seeds for cultivation practice in some species.

关键词： Magnetic Declination Magnetic Field Influence of Magnetism Seed Germination Year Season

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Comprehensive and personalized approach is a critical area for developing remote cardiac rehabilitation programs

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第12期12卷 2009-2015页

作者： Garyfallia Pepera Varsamo Antoniou Jing Jing Su Rose Lin ladislav Batalik Clinical Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation Research Laboratory Department of PhysiotherapyFaculty of Health SciencesUniversity of ThessalyLamia GR35100Greece School of Nursing The Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong Kong 999077China University of Rochester School of Nursing New YorkNY 14602United States Department of Rehabilitation University Hospital BrnoBrno 62500Czech Republic Department of Public Health Faculty of MedicineMasaryk UniversityBrno 62500Czech Republic

In the evolving landscape of cardiac rehabilitation(CR),adopting digital technologies,including synchronous/real-time digital interventions and smart applications,has emerged as a transformative *** technologies offer realtime health data access,continuous vital sign monitoring,and personalized educational enhanced patient self-management and *** their potential benefits,challenges and limitations exist,necessitating careful ***/real-time digital CR involves remote,two-way audiovisual communication,addressing issues of accessibility and promoting home-based *** applications extend beyond traditional healthcare,providing real-time health data and fostering patient *** devices and mobile apps enable continuous monitoring,tracking of rehabilitation outcomes,and facilitate lifestyle modifications crucial for cardiac health *** digital CR progresses,ensuring patient access,equitable implementation,and addressing the digital divide becomes *** intelligence holds promise in the early detection of cardiac events and tailoring patient-specific CR ***,challenges such as digital literacy,data privacy,and security must be addressed to ensure inclusive ***,the shift toward digital CR raises concerns about cost,safety,and potential depersonalization of therapeutic relationships.A transformative shift towards technologically enabled CR necessitates further research,focusing not only on technological advancements but also on customization to meet diverse patient *** challenges related to cost,safety,data security,and potential depersonalization is crucial for the widespread adoption of digital *** studies should explore integrating moral values into digital therapeutic relationships and ensure that digital CR is accessible,equitable,and seamlessly integrated into routine cardiac *** frameworks that accommodate

关键词： Cardiac rehabilitation Digital approaches Remote care Equity in technology access Synchronous/real-time interventions Digital innovation in healthcare

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A new analytical model for thermal stresses in multi-phase materials and lifetime prediction methods

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2008年第2期24卷 189-206页

作者： ladislav Ceniga Institute of Materials Research Slovak Academy of Sciences Watsonova 47 04353 Koice Slovak Republic

Based on the fundamental equations of the mechanics of solid continuum, the paper employs an analytical model for determination of elastic thermal stresses in isotropic continuum represented by periodically distributed spherical particles with different distributions in an infinite matrix, imaginarily divided into identical cells with dimensions equal to inter-particle distances, containing a central spherical particle with or without a spherical envelope on the particle surface. Consequently, the multi-particle-（envelope）- matrix system, as a model system regarding the analytical modelling, is applicable to four types of multi-phase materials. As functions of the particle volume fraction v, the inter-particle distances dl, d2, d3 along three mutually per- pendicular axes, and the particle and envelope radii, R1 and R2, respectively, the thermal stresses within the cell, are originated during a cooling process as a consequence of the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of phases rep- resented by the matrix, envelope and particle. Analytical-（experimental）-computational lifetime prediction methods for multi-phase materials are proposed, which can be used in engineering with appropriate values of parameters of real multi-phase materials.

关键词： Thermal stress Multi-phase material Lifetime prediction Analytical modelling

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Thermal-stress induced phenomena in two-component material:part I

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2009年第6期25卷 811-820页

作者： ladislav Ceniga Institute of Materials Research Slovak Academy of SciencesWatsonova 47 040 01 KosiceSlovak Republic

The paper deals with analytical fracture mechanics to consider elastic thermal stresses acting in an isotropic multi-particle-matrix system. The multi-particle-matrix system consists of periodically distributed spherical particles in an infinite matrix. The thermal stresses originate during a cooling process as a consequence of the difference αm - αp in thermal expansion coefficients between the matrix and the particle, αm and αp, respectively. The multi-particle-matrix system thus represents a model system applicable to a real two-component material of a precipitation-matrix type. The infinite matrix is imaginarily divided into identical cubic cells. Each of the cubic cells with the dimension d contains a central spherical particle with the radius R, where d thus corresponds to inter-particle distance. The parameters R, d along with the particle volume fraction v = v（R, d） as a function of R, d represent microstructural characteristics of a twocomponent material. The thermal stresses are investigated within the cubic cell, and accordingly are functions of the microstructural characteristics. The analytical fracture mechanics includes an analytical analysis of the crack initiation and consequently the crack propagation both considered for the spherical particle （q = p） and the cell matrix （q = m）. The analytical analysis is based on the determination of the curve integral Wcq of the thermal-stress induced elastic energy density Wq. The crack initiation is represented by the determination of the critical particle radius Rqc = Rqc（V）. Formulae for Rqc are valid for any two-component mate- rial of a precipitate-matrix type. The crack propagation for R 〉 Rqc is represented by the determination of the function fq describing a shape of the crack in a plane perpendicular

关键词： Thermal stress . Limit state .Analytical modelling .Two-component material

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Thermal stresses in two-and three-component anisotropic materials

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第5期26卷 695-709页

作者： ladislav Ceniga Institute of Materials Research Slovak Academy of Sciences

This paper deals with an analytical model of thermal stresses which originate during a cooling process of an anisotropic solid continuum with uniaxial or triaxial anisotropy. The anisotropic solid continuum consists of anisotropic spherical particles periodically distributed in an anisotropic infinite matrix. The particles are or are not embedded in an anisotropic spherical envelope, and the infinite matrix is imaginarily divided into identical cubic cells with central particles. The thermal stresses are thus investigated within the cubic cell. This mulfi-particle-（envelope）-matrix system based on the cell model is applicable to two- and three-component materials of precipitate-matrix and precipitate-envelope-matrix types, respectively. Finally, an analysis of the determination of the thermal stresses in the multi-par- ticle-（envelope）-matrix system which consists of isotropic as well as uniaxial- and/or triaxial-anisotropic components is presented. Additionally, the thermal-stress induced elastic energy density for the anisotropic components is also derived. These analytical models which are valid for isotropic, anisotropic and isotropic-anisotropic multi-particle- （envelope）-matrix systems represent the determination of important material characteristics. This analytical determination includes：（1） the determination of a critical particle radius which defines a limit state regarding the crack initiation in an elastic, elastic-plastic and plastic components; （2） the determination of dimensions and a shape of a crack propagated in a ceramic components; （3） the determination of an energy barrier and micro-/macro-strengthening in a component; and （4） analytical-（experimental）-computational methods of the lifetime prediction. The determination of the thermal stresses in the anisotropic components presented in this paper can be used to determine these material characteristics of real two- and three-component materials with anisotropic components or with anisotropic and

关键词： Thermal stress Component material Anisotropic solid continuum Analytical modelling Cell model

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Thermal-stress induced phenomena in two-component material:Part Ⅱ

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2010年第1期26卷 101-106页

作者： ladislav Ceniga Institute of Materials Research Slovak Academy of SciencesWatsonova 47040 01 KosiceSlovak Republic

The paper deals with analytical models of the elastic energy gradient Wsq representing an energy barrier. The energy barrier is a surface integral of the elastic energy density Wq. The elastic energy density is induced by thermal stresses acting in an isotropic spherical particle （q = p） with the radius R and in a cubic cell of an isotropic matrix （q = m）. The spherical particle and the matrix are components of a multi-particle-matrix system representing a model system applicable to a real two-component material of a precipitation-matrix type. The multi-particle-matrix system thus consists of periodically distributed isotropic spherical particles and an isotropic infinite matrix. The infinite matrix is imaginarily divided into identical cubic cells with a central spherical particle in each of the cubic cells. The dimension d of the cubic cell then corresponds to an inter-particle distance. The parameters R, d along with the particle volume fraction v = v（R, d） as a function of R, d represent micro- structural characteristics of a real two-component material. The thermal stresses are investigated within the cubic cell, and accordingly are functions of the microstructural charac- teristics. The thermal stresses originate during a cooling pro- cess as a consequence of the difference am - ap in thermal expansion coefficients between the matrix and the particle, am and ap, respectively. The energy barrier Wsq is used for the determination of the thermal-stress induced strengthening aq. The strengthening represents resistance against com- pressive or tensile mechanical loading for am - ap 〉 0 or am - ap 〈 0. respectively.

关键词： Thermal stress Strengthening Analyticalmodelling Two-component material

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Clinical outcomes of radiofrequency catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation in octogenarians lO-year experience of a one high-volume center

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2017年第9期14卷 575-581页

作者： Alan Bulava Jiri hanis ladislav Dusek Department of Cardiology Ceske Budejovice Hospital Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry Palacky University Olomouc Czech Republic Faculty of Health and Social Sciences University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses Faculty of Medicine Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic

Background Prevalence of atrial fibrillation （AF） increases with age. Radiofrequency catheter ablation （RFCA） is an establishedtreatment option superior to antiarrhythmics （AAs）. In this study, we investigated safety and efficacy of RFCA of AF in *** From our database, we extracted procedural and follow-up data for patients 〉 80 years with symptomatic AF undergoing RFCAand compared this population to RFCA patients 〈 50 years. All patients underwent pulmonary vein isolation （PVI） supplemented by linearlesions in PVI-nonresponders. Arrhythmia-free survival was assessed using seven day Holter every three months post procedure. All patientscompleted their 12 months follow-up. Results Fifty patients aged ≥80 years （80.5 ± 1.6 years） were compared to 259 patients aged 〈 50years （43.5±5.5 years）. The RFCA complication rate did not vary between groups. No differences in procedural characteristics were seenafter being analyzed by type of AF. Among patients with paroxysmal AF, 71.4% octogenarian vs. 84.7% young patients was free of anyarrhythmia, without AAs, after single procedure. For non-paroxysmal AF, arrhythmia-free survival without AAs, was considerably lower（58.6% octogenarians vs. 81.2% younger patients, P = 0.023）. If AAs were used, arrhythmia-free survival for paroxysmal AF increased to90.5% and 92.1% in octogenarians and younger patients, respectively; and in non-paroxysmal AF it increased to 79.3% vs. 88.4%. ConclusionsRFCA is a safe and effective strategy to achieve normal sinus rhythm in a highly selected group of octogenarians. Paroxysmal AF ablation inoctogenarians has similar clinical effectiveness as that seen in much younger patients. Non-paroxysmal AF ablation has lower, but still rea-sonable clinical effectiveness.

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Catheter ablation Effectiveness Octogenarians Safety The elderly

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On the role of stablecoins in cryptoasset pricing dynamics

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Financial Innovation 2022年第1期8卷 975-1000页

作者： ladislav Kristoufek Institute of Economic Studies Faculty of Social SciencesCharles UniversityPragueCzech Republic Institute of Infor-mation Theory and Automation The Czech Academy of SciencesPragueCzech Republic.

We examine the interactions between stablecoins,Bitcoin,and a basket of altcoins to uncover whether stablecoins represent the investors’demand for trading and investing into cryptoassets or rather play a role as boosting mechanisms during cryptomarkets price *** a set of instruments covering the standard cointegration framework as well as quantile-specific and non-linear causality tests,we argue that stablecoins mostly reflect an increasing demand for investing in cryptoassets rather than serve as a boosting mechanism for periods of extreme *** further discuss some specificities of 2017,even though the dynamic patterns remain very similar to the general ***,we do not find support for claims about stablecoins being bubble boosters in the cryptoassets ecosystem.

关键词： Cryptocurrencies Cryptoassets Bitcoin Stablecoins Tether

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Is there a potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers in rheumatic diseases?

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第4期10卷 1263-1278页

作者： Klára Prajzlerová ladislav Senolt Mária Filková Institute of Rheumatology Prague 12800Czech Republic Department of Rheumatology First Faculty of MedicineCharles UniversityPrague 12800Czech Republic

t MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding single-stranded RNAs of about 22 nucle-otides in length that act as post-transcriptional regulators of gene *** on the complementarity between miRNA and target mRNA,cleavage,destabilization,or transla-tional suppression of mRNA occurs within the RISC(RNA-induced silencing complex).As gene expression regulators,miRNAs are involved in a variety of biological *** of miRNAs and their target genes contribute to the pathophysiology of many diseases,including autoimmune and inflammatory *** are also present extracellularly in their sta-ble form in body *** incorporation into membrane vesicles or protein complexes with Ago2,HDL,or nucleophosmin 1 protects them against ***-free miRNAs can be deliv-ered to another cell in vitro and maintain their functional ***,miRNAs can be considered mediators of intercellular *** remarkable stability of cell-free miRNAs and their accessibility in body fluid makes them potential diagnostic or prognostic bio-markers and potential therapeutic *** we provide an overview of the potential role of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of disease activity,therapeutic response,or diagnosis in rheumatic *** circulating miRNAs reflect their involvement in the pathogenesis,while for plenty,their pathogenetic mechanisms remain to be *** miRNAs described as biomarkers were also shown to be of therapeutic potential,and some miRNAs arealready tested in clinical trials.

关键词： Biomarker Diagnosis miRNA Rheumatic diseases Therapy

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