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The Impact of Mine Effluents on the Water Quality and Macrophyte Plant Communities in the Kifubwa Stream, Solwezi, Zambia

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Natural Resources 2018年第5期9卷 198-211页

作者： Ketty M. Namwanja Stanford M. Siachoono Arthur M. Yambayamba lackson chama School of Natural Resources Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia

A study to assess the impact of mine effluents on water quality and macrophyte plant communities in the Kifubwa stream in Solwezi, Zambia was carried out in December 2015. The macrophytes species and water samples were collected from ten (10) selected sampling sites along the river. The initial sampling site was set at the point of pollution (effluents) entrance into the river. The other 9 sampling units of 30 m × 30 m were spaced at a uniform interval of 150 m throughout the 1.5 km section of the river sampled. Macrophytes collected at each sampling site were identified on site to family level using the Zambian Macrophytes Trophic Ranking (ZMTR) protocol developed under the Southern African River Assessment (SAFRASS). The abundance of macrophyte plant communities showed that family Polygonaceae had (27.5%), Cyperaceae, (23.5%), Amaranthaceae (17.6%), Hydrocharitaceae (17.6%) and Osmundaceae (13.8%) respectively. The Shannon-Weiner’s diversity index (H) was used to calculate the macrophyte diversity and the value used in a correlation analysis with potential of hydrogen (pH) and other water quality variable under investigation. The water samples were taken to the laboratory for analysis of water variables, namely, pH, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), nitrates, phosphates, copper and zinc levels for each site. The pH was significantly (p 0.05) related to TDS, phosphates nitrates and copper pH was not significantly (p > 0.05) related to H and zinc. Calculated means for pH and TDS showed that they were within both the Zambian Drinking Water Standards (ZDWS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Phosphates, nitrates and zinc were all below both water standards. Only copper levels were above both water standards. The mine effluent that is being discharged in the Kifubwa stream does have an impact on the water quality parameters, especially that of copper. This requires regular monitoring of the stream effluents by the authorities that give the permission for t

关键词： Macrophytes Mining Effluent Water Quality Water Parameters

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Assessing the Potential Presence and Impact of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Pisces: Cichlidae;Linnaeus 1758) in Mutukutuku Reservoir in Solwezi, Zambia

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2019年第9期9卷 385-395页

作者： Arthertone Jere lackson chama Siachoono Stanford Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock Department of FisheriesExtension ServicesSolwezi 110118Zambia Department Zoology and Aquatic Science School of Natural ResourcesThe Copperbelt UniversityKitwe 21692Zambia

Invasive alien species are one of the greatest threats to biodiversity and ecosystem globally,affecting delivery of ecosystem goods and services,and consequently human *** niloticus is one of the most highly successful invaders of aquatic ecosystems with competitive characteristic advantages over indigenous *** aim of this study was to investigate the potential presence and impact of *** on Mitukutuku *** study was undertaken using fisheries independent surveys for the period of 2 *** identification key and gel electrophoresis identification methods were also used to confirm presence of *** and also possible hybridization with indigenous congeneric *** dependent survey was conducted with fishers and traders to further assess presence of the invasive species and its impacts on their catches and socio-economic well-being.A total of 32 Oreochromis hybrids species and 19 of *** were found in the *** confirmed a higher proportion of *** in the *** from interviews of fishers and traders revealed catch per unit effort of *** and *** to be higher compared to that of indigenous congeneric ***,fish traders confirmed that income for the fish sales increased from 5%in March to 7%in ***,these results suggested that *** does not only exist in Mitukutuku reservoir,but also hybridizes with native species and dominates the entire stretch of the reservoir threatening loss of biodiversity and aquaculture breeding *** is need for restricting culture of *** in Zambia.

关键词： Aestivate congeneric species invasive impact Mitukutuku reservoir Solwezi Zambia

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