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利用土壤的序列数字图像技术研究孔隙小尺度特征

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土壤学报 2003年第4期40卷 524-528页

作者：李德成 Velde B 张桃林中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008 Laboratoire de Gologie CNR S4385ENSparisfrance75231

将土壤样品用混有荧光有机染料的树脂浸渍后 ,以 1mm间距连续研磨 ,经过一定的图像转换处理 ,最后以连续数字图像方式对图像孔隙的小尺度特征进行分析。对一种美国耕作黑土和一种法国耕作黄壤的比较研究表明 ,两类土壤在图像孔隙面积、... 详细信息

将土壤样品用混有荧光有机染料的树脂浸渍后 ,以 1mm间距连续研磨 ,经过一定的图像转换处理 ,最后以连续数字图像方式对图像孔隙的小尺度特征进行分析。对一种美国耕作黑土和一种法国耕作黄壤的比较研究表明 ,两类土壤在图像孔隙面积、图像孔隙面积变异性、图像孔隙孔径、孔隙连接度、孔隙重叠度以及孔隙流通性等方面均有所差异 ,这与两类土壤不同的有机质含量有关。

关键词：土壤序列数字图像技术孔隙小尺度特征荧光有机染料树脂浸渍

A STUDY ON THE soil RESPIRATION OF THE FORESTS ON GONGGA MOUNTAIN

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地学前缘 2000年第S1期7卷 400-400页

作者： Luo Ji 1, Dong Yunshe 2, Yang Qingwei 1[WT5,5”BX](1.institute of Mountain Hazards & Environment, The chinese academy of sciences, Chengdu 610041, china 2.institute of Geography, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101,china)

CO 2 is the key gas of the greenhouse ones, the effect of its radiation on temperature ascent is 60% of the total greenhouse gases. The elevating CO 2 concentration influences to a great extent the future climate warming in a regional or global scale. Forest is the main part of carbon cycling in the land ecosystem.. Monitoring CO 2 absorption and emission in the forest ecosystem play a non\| fungible role in study on the global change. Gongga Mountain is located in the southeast margin of the Tibetan Plateau, and there exist intact vertical vegetation zonality, which is advantageous for measuring soil CO\-2 emission on each vertical forest zonality and researching the ecological factors of soil *** east slope of Gongga Mountain develops 5 natural forest vertical zones from lower to higher altitudes: secondary forest, ever\|greened and deciduous broad\|leaved mixed forest, broad\|leaved and coniferous mixed forest, coniferous forest and alpine shrubs. Based on the two\|year’s measurement, the soil respiration of each forest averaged: 5 488, 6 344, 5 912, 4 176 and 3 864μmol CO 2/(m 2·s); the flux of soil CO 2 emission was arranged: 208 628, 241 169, 224 746, 158 752 and 146 891kg CO 2/(hm 2·d), respectively.

关键词： Gongga mountain forest soil respiration CO 2 emission

华中丘陵红壤的水分问题　Ⅳ.桔园红壤的水分状况

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土壤学报 1998年第2期35卷 210-217页

作者：姚贤良中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

1990—1993年在江西省第四纪红色粘土发育的红壤并掺有第三纪红砂岩风化体的桔园红壤进行了水分性质和水分状况的研究。结果表明，由于桔园红壤中粘粒含量比附近的典型粘质红壤中低，－15MPa土水势时的土壤含水量较低，相应就提高了桔... 详细信息

1990—1993年在江西省第四纪红色粘土发育的红壤并掺有第三纪红砂岩风化体的桔园红壤进行了水分性质和水分状况的研究。结果表明，由于桔园红壤中粘粒含量比附近的典型粘质红壤中低，－15MPa土水势时的土壤含水量较低，相应就提高了桔园红壤中的有效含水量。还发现，一年中桔园红壤0—100cm土体内的贮水量较低，即使在丰雨的上半年，土体中也出现低于有效水的含水量范围，这可能与柑桔生长的耗水较大和心上层的土壤容重较大等因素有关。但在100cm以下土层中全年的贮水量都较丰富。桔园红壤0—100cm土体内，不论在上半年或在下半年，其Wfc值均小于1，反映了其贮水库容中尚存在较大的空间可继续蓄水。

关键词：土壤桔园红壤水分状况

A PRIMARY STUDY ON IONIC material MOVEMENT WITH DIFFERENT VEGETATION─With an Example of Niujiatong Small Catchment,Guangdong Province

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1997年第3期 325-331页

作者： YOU Lianyuan Professor, institute of Geography, chinese academy of sciences, Building 917, Datun Road, Beijing, 100101, china JIANG Lingse Engineer, Experimental Station of Water and soil Conservation of Wuhua County, Huachen, 514471, Wuhua County, Gua

Choosing three types of geo-ecosystem, forest slope, semi-forest slope and bare slope in a small catchment, an experimental study on ionic material movement is carried out. Results show that the loss of ionic material depends on flow dynamic characteristics and chemical properties of the land background. The weight of the former is more than that of the latter. The sequence of the loss amount of ionic material is the bare slope, the semi-forest slope and the forest slope.

关键词： Ionic material. Geo-ecosystem. Experimental study Slope

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成都平原水稻土中铁的分异特点

土壤学报 1992年第2期29卷 190-198页

作者：赵红挺中国科学院南京土壤研究所 210008

本文研究了成都平原发育于岷江冲积物、紫色土沉积物和黄壤残积物三种不同母质的六个主要水稻土剖面中各种形态氧化铁含量及其在剖面中的分异特点,探讨了各种形态氧化铁之间的关系及其与环境条件、成土母质的关系。此外,根据全铁含量在... 详细信息

本文研究了成都平原发育于岷江冲积物、紫色土沉积物和黄壤残积物三种不同母质的六个主要水稻土剖面中各种形态氧化铁含量及其在剖面中的分异特点,探讨了各种形态氧化铁之间的关系及其与环境条件、成土母质的关系。此外,根据全铁含量在剖面中的分异,讨论了发生层的形成。

关键词：水稻土氧化铁形态转化分异

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我国土壤科学发展与展望

土壤学报 1989年第3期26卷 207-216页

作者：李庆逵中国科学院南京土壤研究所

本文对我国土壤发生分类及土壤调查、土壤化学、土壤农业化学、土壤物理学、土壤粘土矿物,土壤生物化学、土壤微生物学和土壤生态学的发展前景作了概括性展望,并对过去的工作也作了必要的回顾。

关键词：中国土壤科学学科发展

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四种不同母质发育的红壤水分状况研究

土壤 2004年第3期36卷 310-317页

作者：李成亮何园球熊又升杨芳中国科学院南京土壤研究所南京210008

在相同的地形和气候条件下,研究了我国东南部地区红砂岩、花岗岩、玄武岩和第四纪红粘土发育的4种典型红壤水分状况及其透水性能。结果表明,4种红壤的持水和透水性能存在不同程度差异,其原因是不同成土母质的土壤机械组成、土壤结构的... 详细信息

在相同的地形和气候条件下,研究了我国东南部地区红砂岩、花岗岩、玄武岩和第四纪红粘土发育的4种典型红壤水分状况及其透水性能。结果表明,4种红壤的持水和透水性能存在不同程度差异,其原因是不同成土母质的土壤机械组成、土壤结构的变化造成的。除玄武岩和红砂岩发育红壤的某些层外,其他土壤各层的土壤渗漏量不随时间变化而变化。4种土壤含水量的年动态变化一般可划分为3个时期:土壤湿润期、土壤水分耗竭期和土壤水分恢复期,但不同年份的时间划分也不尽相同。

关键词：红壤成土母质水分状况透水性能

Alleviating Effect of Phenol Compounds on Cucumber Fusarium Wilt and Mechanism

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Agricultural sciences in china 2003年第6期2卷 647-652页

作者： YUAN Fei, ZHANG Chun-Ian and SHEN Qi-rong(College of Resources and Environmental sciences , nanjing Agricultural University, nanjing 210095 , P.R.china) College of Resources and Environmental sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 P. R. China

The amount of phenol compounds in the soil increased after adding organic material into the soil. It was found that p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid and frulic acid alleviated Fusarium wilt of cucumber, the alleviating effect of p-hydroxybenzoic acid was the best, followed by p-coumaric acid and frulic acid. The total amount of bacterial, actinomyces and fungus in high phenol compounds treatment decreased than that of control treatment, while the microorganisms’ amount in low phenol compounds treatment increased. Phenol compounds inhibit the growth of pathogen.

关键词： Phenol compounds Fusarium wilt of cucumber soil microorganism Antibiosis

Methodology for the Diagnostics of soil Polygenesis on the Basis of Macro-and Micromorphological Studies

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Journal of Mountain science 2009年第2期6卷 125-131页

作者： T.V.Tursina V.V.Dokuchaev soil science institute Pyzhevskii per. 7 Moscow 119017 Russia

A methodology for studying soil polygenesis and lithological homogeneity of soil profiles is suggested. This methodology is particularly important for mountain soils, where the lithological heterogeneity of the soil profiles created by denudation and accumulation processes is often observed. The methodology includes several stages：（a） the study of the lithological homogeneity/ heterogeneity of soil profiles by field and laboratory methods, （b） the stage-by-stage macro-, meso-, micro-, and submicromorphological analyses of soil profiles with additional use of the methods of neighboring sciences, and （e） the subdivision of soil features into the groups of recent and inherited （relict） features. In the latter group, the subgroups of lithorelict features inherited from the parent material and pedorelict features inherited from the previous stages of soil formation can be distinguished. Two major models of soil polygenesis are suggested. Simple models describe the soils, in which new features appear due to the changes in the environmental conditions in the course of soil evolution. Complex models describe the soils, in which such changes are combined with deposition of new portions of sediments onto the soil surface with the development of buried soil horizons （the synlithogenie pedogenesis）. The models of continuous and discontinuous synlithogenic pedogenesis can be further distinguished. It is argued that the micromorphological method applied to the studies on soil mierofabrics, microforms of soil humus, soil porosity, coatings, and various pedo- and lithorelict features yields valuable information on polygenetic soils.

关键词： Methodology micromorphological soil polygenesis