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Truly optimal semi-active damping to control free vibration of a single degree of freedom system

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Theoretical & Applied Mechanics Letters 2024年第2期14卷 142-145页

作者： Viet Duc la Ngoc Tuan Nguyen Institute of Mechanics Vietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHanoi 10000Vietnam Graduate University of Science and Technology Vietnam Academy of Science and TechnologyHanoi 10000Vietnam

This paper studies a single degree of freedom system under free vibration and controlled by a general semiactive damping.A general integral of squared error is considered as the performance index.A one-time switching damping controller is proposed and optimized.The pontryagin maximum principle is used to prove that no other form of semi-active damping can provide the better performance than the proposed one-time switching damping.

关键词： Analytical optimization Quadratic integral Lyapunov equation Pontryagin maximum principle

A convolutional neural network to detect possible hidden data in spatial domain images

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Cybersecurity 2024年第1期7卷 37-52页

作者： Jean De la Croix Ntivuguruzwa Tohari Ahmad Department of Informatics Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember(ITS)Kampus ITS Keputih SukoliloSurabaya60111Indonesia African Center of Excellence in the Internet of Things College of Science and TechnologyUniversity of Rwanda3900KigaliRwanda

Hiding secret data in digital multimedia has been essential to protect the data.Nevertheless,attackers with a steganalysis technique may break them.Existing steganalysis methods have good results with conventional Machine Learning(ML)techniques;however,the introduction of Convolutional Neural Network(CNN),a deep learning paradigm,achieved better performance over the previously proposed ML-based techniques.Though the existing CNN-based approaches yield good results,they present performance issues in classification accuracy and stability in the network training phase.This research proposes a new method with a CNN architecture to improve the hidden data detection accuracy and the training phase stability in spatial domain images.The proposed method comprises three phases:pre-processing,feature extraction,and classification.Firstly,in the pre-processing phase,we use spatial rich model filters to enhance the noise within images altered by data hiding;secondly,in the feature extraction phase,we use two-dimensional depthwise separable convolutions to improve the signal-to-noise and regular convolutions to model local features;and finally,in the classification,we use multi-scale average pooling for local features aggregation and representability enhancement regardless of the input size variation,followed by three fully connected layers to form the final feature maps that we transform into class probabilities using the softmax function.The results identify an improvement in the accuracy of the considered recent scheme ranging between 4.6 and 10.2%with reduced training time up to 30.81%.

关键词： Information security Spatial domain steganalysis Deep learning Convolutional neural network Infrastructure

ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene van der Waals heterojunction for flexible near-infrared photodetector arrays

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Journal of Semiconductors 2024年第5期45卷 99-105页

作者： Chuqiao Hu Ruiqing Chai Zhongming Wei la Li Guozhen Shen State Key laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronic Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China School of Integrated Circuits and Electronics Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

Two-dimension(2D)van der Waals heterojunction holds essential promise in achieving high-performance flexible near-infrared(NIR)photodetector.Here,we report the successful fabrication of ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene based flexible NIR photodetector array via a facile photolithography technology.The single ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector exhibited a high light-to-dark current ratio of 4.98,fast response/recovery time(2.5/1.3 s)and excellent stability due to the tight connection between 2D ZnSb nanoplates and 2D Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene nanoflakes,and the formed 2D van der Waals heterojunction.Thin polyethylene terephthalate(PET)substrate enables the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetector withstand bending such that stable photoelectrical properties with non-obvious change were maintained over 5000 bending cycles.Moreover,the ZnSb/Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)photodetectors were integrated into a 26×5 device array,realizing a NIR image sensing application.

关键词： ZnSb nanoplates Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene van der Waals heterojunction flexible photodetector image sensing

Challenges and pitfalls of youth-onset type 2 diabetes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 876-885页

作者： lavinia la Grasta Sabolic Sanda Marusic Maja Cigrovski Berkovic Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology University Hospital Centre Sestre MilosrdniceZagreb 10000Croatia School of Medicine Catholic University of CroatiaZagreb 10000Croatia Department for Sport and Exercise Medicine University of Zagreb Faculty of KinesiologyZagreb 10000Croatia

The incidence and prevalence of youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are increasing.The rise in frequency and severity of childhood obesity,inclination to sedentary lifestyle,and epigenetic risks related to prenatal hyperglycemia exposure are important drivers of the youth-onset T2DM epidemic and might as well be responsible for the early onset of diabetes complications.Indeed,youth-onset T2DM has a more extreme metabolic phenotype than adult-onset T2DM,with greater insulin resistance and more rapid deterioration of beta cell function.Therefore,intermediate complications such as microalbuminuria develop in late childhood or early adulthood,while end-stage complications develop in mid-life.Due to the lack of efficacy and safety data,several drugs available for the treatment of adults with T2DM have not been approved in youth,reducing the pharmacological treatment options.In this mini review,we will try to address the present challenges and pitfalls related to youth-onset T2DM and summarize the available interventions to mitigate the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications.

关键词： Youth-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus Insulin resistance Beta cell failure Risk factors Therapy Complications

Survival effects of antibiotic exposure during the larval and adult stages in the West Nile virus vector Culex pipiens

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 542-550页

作者： Marta Garrigos Mario Garrido Manuel Morales-Yuste JosuéMartinez-de la Puente Jesus Veiga Faculty of Pharmacy Department of ParasitologyUniversity of GranadaGranadaSpain CIBER de Epidemiologia y Salud Publica(CIBERESP) MadridSpain

The ability of mosquitoes to transmit a pathogen is affected,among other factors,by their survival rate,which is partly modulated by their microbiota.Mosquito microbiota is acquired during the larval phase and modified during their development and adult feeding behavior,being highly dependent on environmental factors.Pharmaceutical residues including antibiotics are widespread pollutants potentially being present in mosquito breeding waters likely affecting their microbiota.Here,we used Culex pipiens mosquitoes to assess the impact of antibiotic exposure during the larval and adult stages on the survival rate of adult mosquitoes.Wild-collected larvae were randomly assigned to two treatments:larvae maintained in water supplemented with antibiotics and control larvae.Emerged adults were subsequently assigned to each of two treatments,fed with sugar solution with antibiotics and fed only with sugar solution(controls).larval exposure to antibiotics significantly increased the survival rate of adult females that received a control diet.In addition,the effect of adult exposure to antibiotics on the survival rate of both male and female mosquitoes depended on the number of days that larvae fed ad libitum in the laboratory before emergence.In particular,shorter larval ad libitum feeding periods reduced the survival rate of antibiotic-treated adult mosquitoes compared with those that emerged after a longer larval feeding period.These differences were not found in control adult mosquitoes.Our results extend the current understanding of the impact of antibiotic exposure of mosquitoes on a key component of vectorial capacity,that is the vector survival rate.

关键词： antibiotics avian malaria microbiota mosquitoes vector competence vector survival

Interaction between diet and genetics in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第12期30卷 1644-1650页

作者： Daniéla Oliveira Magro Ligia Yukie Sassaki Júlio Maria Fonseca Chebli Department of Surgery Faculty of Medical SciencesState University of Campinas(UNICAMP)Campinas 13083-970São PauloBrazil Department of Internal Medicine Medical SchoolSao Paulo State University(UNESP)Botucatu 18618-687São PauloBrazil Department of Medicine University Hospital of the Federal University of Juiz de ForaUniversity of Juiz de Fora School of MedicineJuiz de Fora 36036-247Minas GeraisBrazil

In this editorial,we comment on the article by Marangoni et al,published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Gastroenterology 2023;29:5618-5629,about“Diet as an epigenetic factor in inflammatory bowel disease”.The authors emphasized the role of diet,especially the interaction with genetics,in promoting the inflam-matory process in inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients,focusing on DNA methylation,histone modifications,and the influence of microRNAs.In this editorial,we explore the interaction between genetics,gut microbiota,and diet,in an only way.Furthermore,we provided dietary recommendations for patients with IBD.The Western diet,characterized by a low fiber content and deficiency the micronutrients,impacts short-chain fatty acids production and may be related to the pathogenesis of IBD.On the other hand,the consumption of the Mediter-ranean diet and dietary fibers are associated with reduced risk of IBD flares,particularly in Crohn’s disease(CD)patients.According to the dietary guidance from the International Organization for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases(IOIBD),the regular consumption of fruits and vegetables while reducing the consumption of saturated,trans,dairy fat,additives,processed foods rich in maltodextrins,and artificial sweeteners containing sucralose or saccharine is recommended to CD patients.For patients with ulcerative colitis,the IOIBD recommends the increased intake of natural sources of omega-3 fatty acids and follows the same restrictive recommendations aimed at CD patients,with the possible inclusion of red meats.In conclusion,IBD is a complex and hetero-geneous disease,and future studies are needed to elucidate the influence of epigenetics on diet and microbiota in IBD patients.

关键词： Diet Genetics MicroRNAs Gastrointestinal microbiome Inflammatory bowel diseases Crohn’s disease

Prognostic Nutritional Index Associates with the Severity of Silicosis:A Study from a Tertiary Class A Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases in China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期37卷 122-126页

作者： HE la Gu LIANG Yun lai YANG Lu Qi YUAN Hua Min Medical laboratory Department Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational DiseasesChangsha 410000HunanChina laboratory Medicine Department Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangsha 410013HunanChina

Pneumoconiosis is a group of heterogeneous fibrotic lung diseases caused by inorganic mineral dust and includes coal workers’pneumoconiosis and silicosis.Silicosis involves diffuse or nodular interstitial pulmonary fibrosis caused by exposure to asbestos or silica dust.China is thought to have the highest number of silicosis cases,with 6,000 new cases reported annually^([1]).Currently,the clinical diagnosis and monitoring of silicosis relies mainly on a history of occupational exposure and radiological abnormalities^([2]).Therefore,determining further indicators is crucial to reflect the severity of silicosis.

关键词： diagnosis lung diseases

Vitamin D,selenium,and antidiabetic drugs in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with Hashimoto's thyroiditis

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第2期15卷 209-219页

作者： Fen Feng Bin Zhou Ci-la Zhou Ping Huang Gang Wang Kuang Yao School of Pharmacy Shaoyang UniversityShaoyang 422099Hunan ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology The Central Hospital of ShaoyangShaoyang 422099Hunan ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Diabetes and thyroiditis are closely related.They occur in combination and cause significant damage to the body.There is no clear treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)with Hashimoto's thyroiditis(HT).While single symptomatic drug treatment of the two diseases is less effective,combined drug treatment may improve efficacy.AIM To investigate the effect of a combination of vitamin D,selenium,and hypoglycemic agents in T2DM with HT.METHODS This retrospective study included 150 patients with T2DM and HT treated at The Central Hospital of Shaoyang from March 2020 to February 2023.Fifty patients were assigned to the control group,test group A,and test group B according to different treatment methods.The control group received low-iodine diet guidance and hypoglycemic drug treatment.Test group A received the control treatment plus vitamin D treatment.Test group B received the group A treatment plus selenium.Blood levels of markers of thyroid function[free T3(FT3),thyroid stimulating hormone(TSH),free T4(FT4)],autoantibodies[thyroid peroxidase antibody(TPOAB)and thyroid globulin antibody(TGAB)],blood lipid index[low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG)],blood glucose index[fasting blood glucose(FBG),and hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)]were measured pre-treatment and 3 and 6 months after treatment.The relationships between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3[25(OH)D3]level and each of these indices were analyzed.RESULTS The levels of 25(OH)D3,FT3,FT4,and LDL-C increased in the order of the control group,test group A,and test group B(all Plated indexes,autoantibodies level,blood glucose,and blood lipid index between the control group,test groups A and B(all P>0.05).The 25(OH)D3 levels in test groups A and B

关键词： Type-2 diabetes mellitus Hashimoto's thyroiditis Vitamin D Selenium agent Hypoglycemic drugs Curative effect

Histopathological impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver:Cellular damage and long-term complications

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第22期30卷 2866-2880页

作者： Alfonso Rodriguez-Espada Moises Salgado-de la Mora Briana Mariette Rodriguez-Paniagua Nathaly Limonde la Rosa Monica Itzel Martinez-Gutierrez Santiago Pastrana-Brandes Nalu Navarro-Alvarez Department of Molecular Biology Universidad Panamericana School of MedicineCampus MéxicoMexico 03920Mexico Department of Internal Medicine Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico 14080Mexico Department of Surgery University of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusDenverCO 80045United States PECEM Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoMexico 04360Mexico Department of Gastroenterology Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránMexico 14080Mexico

Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by the highly pathogenic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),primarily impacts the respiratory tract and can lead to severe outcomes such as acute respiratory distress syndrome,multiple organ failure,and death.Despite extensive studies on the pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2,its impact on the hepatobiliary system remains unclear.While liver injury is commonly indicated by reduced albumin and elevated bilirubin and transaminase levels,the exact source of this damage is not fully understood.Proposed mechanisms for injury include direct cytotoxicity,collateral damage from inflammation,drug-induced liver injury,and ischemia/hypoxia.However,evidence often relies on blood tests with liver enzyme abnormalities.In this comprehensive review,we focused solely on the different histopathological manifestations of liver injury in COVID-19 patients,drawing from liver biopsies,complete autopsies,and in vitro liver analyses.We present evidence of the direct impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the liver,substantiated by in vitro observations of viral entry mechanisms and the actual presence of viral particles in liver samples resulting in a variety of cellular changes,including mitochondrial swelling,endoplasmic reticulum dilatation,and hepatocyte apoptosis.Additional ly,we describe the diverse liver pathology observed during COVID-19 infection,encompassing necrosis,steatosis,cholestasis,and lobular inflammation.We also discuss the emergence of long-term complications,notably COVID-19-related secondary sclerosing cholangitis.Recognizing the histopathological liver changes occurring during COVID-19 infection is pivotal for improving patient recovery and guiding decision-making.

关键词： Liver SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 Histopathology Liver biopsies Liver autopsy In vitro