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Warming and increased precipitation alter soil carbon cycling in a temperate desert steppe of Inner Mongolia

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JOURNAL OF PlaNT ECOLOGY 2024年第2期17卷 161-172页

作者： lan, mu Qiu, Xiao la, Wei Wang, Huimin Liu, Yahong Zhao, Liqing Sun, Hailian Inner Mongolia Univ Inner Mongolia Key Lab Grassland Ecol Hohhot 010021 Peoples R China Inner Mongolia Univ Sch Ecol & Environm Hohhot 010021 Peoples R China Inner Mongolia Acad Agr & Anim Husb Sci Hohhot 010031 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change Inst Bot Beijing 100093 Peoples R China Baotou Teachers Coll Coll Resources & Environm Baotou 014030 Peoples R China

Warming and precipitation are key global change factors driving soil carbon (C) dynamics in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the effects of warming and altered precipitation on soil microbial diversity and functional genes involved in soil C cycling remain largely unknown. We investigated the effects of warming and increased precipitation on soil C cycling in a temperate desert steppe of Inner Mongolia using metagenomic sequencing. We found that warming reduced plant richness, Shannon-Wiener and Simpson index. In contrast, increased precipitation significantly influenced Shannon-Wiener and Simpson index. Warming reduced soil microbial species by 5.4% while increased precipitation and warming combined with increased precipitation led to increases in soil microbial species by 23.3% and 2.7%, respectively. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria, which involve C cycling genes, was significantly increased by warming and increased precipitation. Warming significantly reduced the abundance of GAPDH (Calvin cycle) and celF (cellulose degradation) while it enhanced the abundance of glxR (lignin degradation). Increased precipitation significantly enhanced the abundance of pgk (Calvin cycle), coxL (carbon monoxide oxidation), malZ (starch degradation), and mttB (methane production). Moreover, a wide range of correlations among soil properties and C cycling functional genes was detected, suggesting the synergistic and/or antagonistic relationships under scenario of global change. These results may suggest that warming is beneficial to soil C storage while increased precipitation negatively affects soil C sequestration. These findings provide a new perspective for understanding the response of microbial communities to warming and increased precipitation in the temperate desert steppe.

关键词： carbon cycling desert steppe functional genes global change soil microbes precipitation warming ALPINE GRASSlaNDS NITROGEN ADDITION ORGANIC-CARBON RESPONSES ECOSYSTEM RESPIRATION FLUXES DIVERSITY CLIMATE STORAGE

High-Order Two-Scale Asymptotic Paradigm for the Elastodynamic Homogenization of Periodic Composites

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Acta Mechanica Solida Sinica 2024年第1期37卷 124-138页

作者： Wei-Zhi Luo mu He Liang Xia Qi-Chang He State Key laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Equipment and Technology Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China laboratoire Modélisation et Simulation multi-Echelle MSME UMR 8208 CNRSUniversite Gustave Eiffel77454 Marne-la-ValléeFrance

The classical two-scale asymptotic paradigm provides macroscopic and microscopic analyses for the elastodynamic homogenization of periodic composites based on the spatial or/and temporal variable,which offers an approximate framework for the asymptotic homogenization analysis of the motion ***,in this framework,the growing complexity of the homogenization formulation gradually becomes an obstacle as the asymptotic order *** such a context,a compact,fast,and accurate asymptotic paradigm is *** work reviews the high-order spatial two-scale asymptotic paradigm with the effective displacement field representation and optimizes the implementation by symmetrizing the tensor to be ***,the modified implementation gets rid of the excessive memory consumption required for computing the high-order tensor,which is demonstrated by representative one-and two-dimensional *** numerical results show that(1)the contrast of the material parameters between media in composites directly affects the convergence rate of the asymptotic results for the homogenization of periodic composites,(2)the convergence error of the asymptotic results mainly comes from the truncation error of the modified asymptotic homogenized motion equation,and(3)the excessive norm of the normalized wavenumber vector in the two-dimensional inclusion case may lead to a non-convergence of the asymptotic results.

关键词： Composites Homogenization Asymptotic analysis Dynamics Dispersion

Gentiana macrophylla Pall.:a review of the basic source,traditional use,chemical components,pharmacological activities and quality control

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Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第12期9卷 13-30页

作者： Qi-Er mu Yi-Sa A Yan-Qiu Bai Chu-la Sa College of Mongolian Medicine Inner Mongolian Medical UniversityJinshan Economic and Technological Development ZoneTumote Left BannerHohhot 010110China

Gentiana macrophylla Pall.(***),whose genus and family belong to the Gentianaceae and *** main distribution centers of *** resources were the Loess Plateau and the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in ***,as a traditional medicine,has a long history and was used in different ethnic *** roots were used in traditional Chinese medicine,which had the effect of anti-inflammatory,anti-rheumatism,antiviral,promote blood circulation,eliminate swelling and pain,while its flowers were used in traditional Mongolian medicine,which had the effect of removing“Xieriwusu”(“Xieriwusu”means rheumatism),antiviral,reducing *** previous studies,it could be found that there were more than forty components isolated and identified from *** main chemical components were iridoids,flavonoids,triterpenoids,steroids,phenylpropanoids,and *** terpenoid components represented by gentiopicroside and Loganic acid were the main components of the root of ***,which had anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,hepatoprotective,analgesic,antibacterial and promote gastrointestinal tract *** flower mainly contains isoorientin and isovitexin as the representative of *** have anti-tumor,liver protection,heart protection,inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and inhibition of *** could be seen from previous studies that the research on *** was mainly focused on the root,and the flower was rarely *** was reported that the experimental data of the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects of *** flowers show that its curative effect was very ***,the flowers of the flower of *** can be used as potential medicinal parts for *** that flavonoids are mostly found in flowers and exhibit a range of functions,it is possible to investigate the flowers in order to learn more about ***’s potential medical *** on botanical books,Chi

关键词： Gentiana macrophylla Pall. basic source chemical component pharmacological activity quality control

Microstructural evolution in lithium plating process and its effect on the calendar storage life

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8834-8841页

作者： Ki Hwan Koh Dong Ju Lee Anthony mu Kangwoon Kim Taehee Kim Zheng Chen Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Sustainable Power and Energy Center University of California San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

The growing demand for electric vehicles highlights the need for energy storage solutions with higher densities,spotlighting Li metal anodes as potential successors to traditional Li-ion batteries(LIBs).Achieving longer calendar aging life for Li metal anodes is crucial for their practical use,given their propensity for corrosion due to a low redox potential,which leads to compromised cycling stability and significant capacity loss during *** research investigated that this susceptibility is mainly dependent on the surface area of Li metal anode and the properties of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),particularly its stability and growth *** research adds to this understanding by demonstrating that the amount of Li plating is a key factor in its corrosion during open-circuit storage,as assessed across various *** discovered that increasing the Li plating amount effectively reduces Coulombic efficiency(C.E.)loss during aging,due to a lower surface area-to-Li *** implies that the choice of electrolyte for optimal storage life should consider the amount of Li plating,with higher capacities promoting better storage characteristics.

关键词： lithium metal batteries anode-free batteries calendar life of batteries lithium anode corrosion

Interplay between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system after transplantation: implications for advanced cell therapy in the retina

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第3期19卷 542-547页

作者： María Norte-muñoz David García-Bernal Diego García-Ayuso Manuel Vidal-Sanz Marta Agudo-Barriuso Grupo de Investigación Oftalmología Experimental Departamento de OftalmologíaOptometríaOtorrinolaringología y Anatomía PatológicaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain Grupo de Investigación Trasplante Hematopoyético y Terapia celular Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología.Facultad de MedicinaUniversidad de MurciaInstituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria(IMIB)Campus de Ciencias de la Salud30120 MurciaSpain

Advanced mesenchymal stromal cell-based therapies for neurodegenerative diseases are widely investigated in preclinical *** stromal cells are well positioned as therapeutics because they address the underlying mechanisms of neurodegeneration,namely trophic factor deprivation and *** studies have focused on the beneficial effects of mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation on neuronal survival or functional ***,little attention has been paid to the interaction between mesenchymal stromal cells and the host immune system due to the immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stromal cells and the long-held belief of the immunoprivileged status of the central nervous ***,we review the crosstalk between mesenchymal stromal cells and the immune system in general and in the context of the central nervous system,focusing on recent work in the retina and the importance of the type of transplantation.

关键词： adaptive immunity cell therapy central nervous system immune system innate immunity mesenchymal stromal cells neuroregeneration preclinical studies retina transplantation

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Extreme drought triggers parallel shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits in upper treeline of the Mediterranean Andes

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Ecological Processes 2024年第01期13卷 132-143页

作者： Luiz Santini Jr. Dylan Craven Daigard Ricardo Ortega Rodriguez Manolo Trindade Quintilhan Stephanie Gibson-Carpintero Cristina Aravena Torres Fidel A.Roig Ariel A.mu?oz Alejandro Venegas-Gonzalez Hémera Centro de Observación de la Tierra Universidad Mayor GEMA Center for Genomics Ecology and Environment Universidad Mayor Data Observatory Foundation ANID Technology Center Depart-ment of Forest Sciences ESALQ-University of Sao Paulo Department of Plant Biology Institute of Biology University of Campinas Instituto de Geografía Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) Argentine Institute of Nivology Glaciology and Environmental Sciences(IANIGLA CONICET ) Institute of Geography Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Instituto de Ciencias Agroalimentarias Animales y Ambientales (ICA3) Universidad de O'Higgins

Background Treeline ecotones of Mediterranean ecoregions have been affected by the increasing intensity and severity of droughts. Even though the effect of droughts on forest dynamics has been widely documented, knowledge is relatively scarce of how extreme climate episodes affect the hydraulic structure and, therefore, the phys-iology of woody plants. The Mediterranean Andes have experienced an uninterrupted period of drought since 2010, including an extremely dry year in 2019 with approximately 80% rainfall deficit. Here, we investigated shifts in wood anatomical and physiological traits of Kageneckia angustifolia, an endemic treeline species, in response to this drought *** We evaluated the xylem plasticity of three K. angustifolia populations across their natural distribution(31–35° SL) based on anatomical(vessel structure and distribution) and physiological(intrinsic water-use efficiency) variables in the tree rings. We focused on the period 2000–2020 that corresponds to before the megadrought(2000–2007),(ii) megadrought(2008–2018) and(iii) hyperdrought(2019–2020). The variables were annualized and analyzed by linear mixed-effects *** Our results provide insights to the anatomical and physiological mechanisms underlying the resilience of treeline forests to persistent droughts in central Chile. We found that the extreme drought in 2019–2020 triggered shifts in vessel size and frequency that increased hydraulic safety. These significant shifts in vessel traits occurred in parallel with a decrease in pit aperture area and an increase in water-use efficiency, further increasing the resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme drought *** Our results revealed coordinated shifts in vessel size and frequency and water-use efficiency in response to the megadrought, thereby reducing vulnerability to hydraulic failure. The apparent resilience of K. angustifolia to extreme droughts suggests that this adaptation to drought stress may incre

关键词： Dendro-anatomy Kageneckia angustifolia Xylem vulnerability Drought Climate change

A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai Patrick Mercier Frédéric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele Max RMcGillen Yujing mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid Mellouki laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the MODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward trajectory analysis,young wildfire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and ***,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant *** that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

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Effects of fertilization on radial growth of Pinus pinea explored hourly using dendrometers

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期 25-39页

作者： Verónica Loewe-mu?oz Rodrigo del Río Millar Claudia Delard Rodriguez Mónica Balzarini Chilean Forest Institute (INFOR) Metropolitan Office Centro Nacional de Excelencia Para la Industria de la Madera(CENAMAD) Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET ) Universidad Nacional de Córdoba Ciudad Universitaria

Background Stone pine(Pinus pinea), a drought-resistant species, has significant socio-economic benefits and increasing interest for the establishment of productive plantations in several countries, especially in a climate change context. Monitoring hourly stem diameter variations contributes to the understanding of the tree-growth response to changes in environmental conditions and management. By monitoring the diameter expansion of tree stems, high-resolution band dendrometers were used to study the development of adult trees growing in a semi-arid coastal environment of central Chile under fertilized and non-fertilized soil conditions through the span of a *** Short cycles( 28 h) occurred at a higher frequency in fertilized trees(16 vs 6). Most of the circadian cycles were regular(24 ± 3 h). The longest cycle duration(59 h) was observed in fertilized trees during spring. In all seasons, each phase of the circadian cycle, especially during the stem diameter increment phase(P3, irreversible growth), started earlier in fertilized than in control trees. P3 duration was significantly longer in fertilized than in control trees in springtime. The maximum shrinkage(P1) was observed in summer for both treatments. Stem diameter increased faster in fer-tilized than in control trees throughout the year, with the highest accumulation occurring in spring and the lowest in autumn. The daily variability pattern showed lower growth under high temperature across *** This study highlights the importance of fertilization in enhancing stone pine diameter growth. This cultural practice should be further explored to contribute to the mitigation of climate change effects in semi-arid environments.

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基于复杂网络模型的沙尘天气空间交互影响研究--以雅鲁藏布江中游为例

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沙漠与绿洲气象 2024年第3期18卷 136-142页

作者：拉珍白玛央宗沈才生格桑丹增德庆卓嘎西藏自治区气候中心西藏拉萨850000 日喀则国家气候观象台西藏日喀则857000 西藏自治区党委政研室西藏拉萨850000 西藏高原大气环境科学研究所西藏拉萨850000

利用2017-2020年冬春季(10月-次年4月)雅鲁藏布江中游的15个气象站逐小时最低能见度数据,采用转移熵方法构建区域沙尘传输矩阵,基于复杂网络理论分析沙尘天气的空间传输及交互影响特征。结果表明:(1)雅鲁藏布江中游沙尘天气系统是一个... 详细信息

利用2017-2020年冬春季(10月-次年4月)雅鲁藏布江中游的15个气象站逐小时最低能见度数据,采用转移熵方法构建区域沙尘传输矩阵,基于复杂网络理论分析沙尘天气的空间传输及交互影响特征。结果表明:(1)雅鲁藏布江中游沙尘天气系统是一个稳健性网络,站点之间的沙尘天气互相影响,说明沙尘可以跨区域输送。(2)申扎、南木林和尼木处于沙尘天气空间关联网络的核心,这三个地区是研究区的主要沙尘分布区;拉萨和墨竹工卡沙尘天气受其他站点影响程度最小。(3)研究区沙尘天气影响时间短。沙尘持续时间以1 h为主,说明以局地起沙为主;3 h持续时间次之,说明各站点之间相互传输;6 h持续时间最少,说明沙尘不能长时间输送。雅鲁藏布江中游沙尘天气既有局地供应,又有区域传输,各站点之间相互影响,形成复杂的空间交互网络。为了减少研究区沙尘灾害的影响,应该立足于全面协调协作进行治理。

关键词：复杂网络雅鲁藏布江沙尘天气空间传输