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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 2244-2251页

作者： SONG Guoliang XIAO Yuan YANG Zhao YANG Xueting lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023China

Coal slime is a kind of solid waste and inferior fuel, which is urgently needed to utilize. In this paper, a high-temperature thermal treatment of coal slime in a circulating fluidized bed(CFB) was attempted to achieve resource utilization. In the experiment, the combustion characteristics of dried coal slime during high-temperature thermal treatment were investigated in a 0.5 MW pilot-scale CFB. The stable fluidized combustion of dried coal slime was realized. When the excess air ratio was closer to 1.0, the furnace temperatures would be uniform. The ignition method of dried coal slime was changed correspondingly while the feeding position changed. However, feeding coal slime to the loop seal was instrumental in decreasing NO_(x) emissions. Moreover, the NO_(x) emissions were tried to further control by the post-combustion technology. Post-combustion technology could significantly reduce NO_(x) emissions below 50 mg·Nm^(-3) while ensuring combustion efficiency. Besides, it was found that there was an optimum excess air ratio in CFB of about 0.9 resulting in minimum NO_(x) emissions of coal slime. The experiment results could well guide the industrial-scale high temperature thermal treatment of coal slime.

关键词： solid waste coal slime thermal treatment CFB NOx post-combustion

Experimental Investigation of Cutting Nitrogen Oxides Emission from Cement Kilns using Coal Preheating Method

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Journal of Thermal Science 2021年第4期30卷 1097-1107页

作者： WU Huixing CAI Jun REN Qiangqiang CAO Xiaoyang lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023China

The large consumption of coal in cement industry leads to a significant nitrogen oxide(NO_(x))emission,which has caused severe atmospheric pollution due to the existing low-efficiency denitration *** this research,a fuel pretreatment method on the concept of coal preheating was proposed to reduce NO_(x)emission from cement kilns.A special bench-scale experiment was designed to verify the feasibility of the proposed *** results showed that the proposed method could achieve high combustion efficiency,steady operation and low NO_(x)*** maximum reduction efficiency of primary NO in kiln gas reached 91.4%while the lowest NO_(x)emission was 145 mg/m^(3)(@10%O_2)during the *** effects of key parameters on NO_(x)emission and primary NO_(x)reduction efficiency were comprehensively *** was found that primary and secondary air ratios determined the oxygen content in the flue gas and the reaction temperature,which multiply affected the fuel-NO_(x)formation and activity of *** the length of the reducing zone could not only enhance the primary NO_(x)reduction efficiency,but also lower the combustion *** addition,cement raw material could greatly accelerate the formation of fuel-NO_(x)while its catalytic action on NO_(x)reduction was limited.

关键词： coal preheating NO_(x)reduction atmospheric pollution cement industry

Gasification of Anthracite in a Pilot-Scale CFB Gasifier and Pore Structure Evolution of Gasification Fly Ash during Steam Activation

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第5期32卷 1899-1911页

作者： QI Xiaobin YANG Qiyao ZHAN Yueping SONG Weijian ZHU Zhiping lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The poor-reactivity anthracite urgently needs more ways for large-scale and high-quality *** to the advantage of good fuel adaptability,the circulating fluidized bed(CFB)gasification technology has the potential of high-quality utilization of *** this paper,one kind of anthracite from Shanxi province,China,was employed to be gasified in a pilot-scale CFB *** is found that at the operating temperature of 1049℃and oxygen concentration of 60.75%,the gas with a concentration of combustibles of 66%and a low heating value of 7.93 MJ/m^(3)(at about 25℃and 101.325 kPa)was produced in the CFB gasification ***,the overall gasification efficiency was not desired because a large amount of gasification fly ash(GFA)escaped and its yield was up to 22%.In this case,the cold gas efficiency was below 48%and the carbon conversion ratio was only 62%.Further analysis reveals that the GFA was featured with a developed pore structure and the specific surface area(S_(BET))reached 277 m^(2)/*** indicates such GFA has a potential to use as activated carbon(AC)or AC *** on this,steam activation experiments of the GFA produced were conducted to investigate the activation characteristics of GFA and thereby to determine its activation *** results indicate that increasing temperature sharply accelerated the activation process,while did not impair the maximum activation *** activation,the S_(BET)of GFA maximumly increased by 63%,reaching452 m^(2)/*** the progress of activation,the pore structure of GFA presents a three-stage evolution process:development,dynamic balance,and *** a process can be divided and quantified according to the carbon *** order to achieve an optimal activation of GFA,the carbon loss shall be controlled at~15%.This work provides a new scheme for high-quality utilization of anthracite.

关键词： anthracite CFB gasification fly ash gasification steam activation

Preheating Combustion Characteristics of Ultra-Low Volatile Carbon-Based Fuel

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Journal of Thermal Science 2019年第4期28卷 772-779页

作者： ZHU Shujun lyu qinggang ZHU Jianguo LI Jiarong MAN Chengbo LIU Wen Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Pulverized coal combustion technology with preheating solid fuel in a circulating fluidized bed was used for the combustion test of ultra-low volatile carbon-based *** paper first validated the feasibility and advantages of applying the combustion technology to this kind of *** carbon-based fuel could achieve a stable preheating process in this test *** the preheating,the apparent sensible heat of the fuel was significantly *** provided a necessary condition for the stable ignition and efficient combustion of the carbon-based fuel in the post-combustion *** relative proportions of CO,H2,and CH4 in preheated coal gas were very low,and the effect of high-temperature coal gas at the entrance of the post-combustion chamber was greatly impaired,indicating that the combustion process in post-combustion chamber was mainly the combustion of preheated *** the same time,the strong reducing atmosphere in the circulating fluidized bed also facilitated the reduction of fuel-nitrogen into N2,which resulted in low NOx *** this basis,with the combination of preheating combustion technology and air-staging combustion technology,the NOx emissions had drastically decreased when the burnout air distribution position moved down or varied from a single-layer distribution to a multi-layer distribution *** lowest original NOx emissions were 90.6 mg/m3(at 6%O2),and the combustion efficiency exceeded 97%,which ultimately achieved efficient and clean combustion of ultra-low volatile carbon-based fuel.

关键词： preheating combustion circulating fluidized bed ultra-low volatile carbon-based fuel air-staging Nox emissions

Experimental study on the partial preheating combustion characteristic of Yankuang coal sludge

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2021年第3期3卷 219-225页

作者： Yi Zhang Jianguo Zhu qinggang lyu Jingzhang Liu Jiahang Zhang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023China

Coal sludge is a seriously polluted solid waste,and the rational utilization of its resources has long being an undoubtedly important research *** paper mainly studies the coal sludge partial preheating characteristic,combustion characteristic and the process of migration and conversion of nitrogen with preheating combustion *** experimental results indicate that most of the elements in the coal sludge are released during preheating,and the ratio of the fuel-N converted to the N_(2),NH_(3) and HCN are 75.5%,6.74%and 0.64%,*** with the coal sludge,the BET surface area and cumulative pore area of preheated char are *** surface of preheated char is loose and porous with many fine particles,while raw coal is dense with larger ***,the quantity of carbon defect structure,the active sites and the reactivity of preheated char are all *** the whole process,the NO_(x) emission is about 156 mg/m3(@6%O2),the ratio of fuel-N converted to NO_(x) was 2.98%,and the combustion efficiency is 96.5%.This experiment results will play a vital role in efficient and clean utilization of coal sludge.

关键词： Coal sludge Pre-heating combustion Nitrogen migration Reactivity

Influence of Limestone Addition on Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Coal Slime in the 75 t/h CFB Boiler with Post-Combustion Chamber

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Journal of Thermal Science 2023年第5期32卷 1849-1857页

作者： WANG Chao SONG Guoliang YANG Zhao XIAO Yuan YANG Xueting JI Zengcai lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China School of Engineering Science University of Science&Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023China

Coal slime can be disposed in quantity and fully utilized in a well-designed circulating fluidized bed(CFB)boiler,but the nitrogen oxides(NO_(x))and sulphur dioxide(SO_(2))emissions generated in the combustion of coal slime have contributed to serious atmospheric *** Temperature&Post-combustion Technology,a novel and high-efficient way to reduce the NO_(x)emission in the process of combustion,is applied to a 75 t/h CFB boiler burning exclusively coal slime,which will succeed to meet the ultra-low NO_(x)emission *** further explore an appropriate method to reduce the SO_(2)emission under the condition of new technology,the experiments were conducted on a 75 t/h CFB boiler with post-combustion chamber to study the influence of limestone addition on the combustion and emission characteristics of coal *** experimental results showed that High Temperature&Post-combustion Technology combined with the sorbent injection in the furnace is a very promising technology to control the NO_(x)and SO_(2)emissions *** addition can cause the slight decrease in combustion *** addition will lead to the increase in NO_(x)emission in the combustion of coal *** 75 t/h coal slime CFB boiler,the desulfurization efficiency of limestone injection in furnace is close to 98%,achieving the ultra-low SO_(2)*** meet the standard of ultra-low NO_(x)and SO_(2)emission,the two technologies for simultaneous removal of NO_(x)and SO_(2)emissions are economical and feasible currently:Removal of SO_(2)under ultra-low NO_(x)emission and Removal of NO_(x)under ultra-low SO_(2)emission.

关键词： coal slime CFB boiler NO_(x) SO_(2) limestone simultaneous removal

Hydrodynamics in a Circulating Fluidized Bed with Annular Furnace and Six Parallel Cyclones

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Journal of Thermal Science 2017年第3期26卷 273-281页

作者： SHUAI Daping WANG Xiaofang lyu qinggang Institute of Engineering Thermophysics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049China

Systematic measurements were conducted on a cold CFB with annular furnace and six parallel cyclones to study gas-solids flow in the annular furnace and flow non-uniformity among six cyclones. The results show that axial solids holdup in the annular furnace decreases exponentially with height, similar to the conventional rectangular furnace. The uniform transverse distribution of solids holdup suggests a good gas-solids mixing in the annular furnace. The annular furnace presents the core/double-annulus flow structure, and it results in enhanced gas-solids back-mixing than the conventional core/annulus flow structure. The gas-solids flow of the inner wall-layer and the outer wall-layer is very close at most part of the furnace height, and the wall-layer thickness decreases with height. Flow non-uniformity exists among six parallel cyclones in the annular furnace CFB. But non-uniform distribution of solids circulating rates and cyclone pressure drops show no regularity, and the flow non-uniformity is no larger than the CFBs with conventional furnace. Under typical operating conditions, the relative deviation of six solids circulating rates is 8.0%.

关键词： Circulating fluidized bed annular furnace parallel cyclones flow structure flow non-uniformity

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“双碳”目标下的化石能源高效清洁利用

中国科学院院刊 2022年第4期37卷 541-548页

作者：吕清刚柴祯中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京100190 中国科学院大学工程科学学院北京100049

在碳达峰、碳中和(以下简称“双碳”)目标下,化石能源利用面临新挑战。文章梳理总结了目前我国化石能源利用现状,立足我国能源资源状况,提出了“双碳”约束下化石能源高效清洁利用思路,从煤炭高效燃烧与转化、石油天然气高效利用及煤化... 详细信息

在碳达峰、碳中和(以下简称“双碳”)目标下,化石能源利用面临新挑战。文章梳理总结了目前我国化石能源利用现状,立足我国能源资源状况,提出了“双碳”约束下化石能源高效清洁利用思路,从煤炭高效燃烧与转化、石油天然气高效利用及煤化工“三废”处理方面提出技术发展建议,以期为“双碳”目标实现和新型能源系统构建提供科技支撑。

关键词：化石能源高效清洁低碳化技术建议碳中和

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工业领域煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用技术现状与发展建议

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中国科学院院刊 2019年第4期34卷 392-400页

作者：吕清刚李诗媛黄粲然中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京100190

我国以煤炭为主的能源资源禀赋决定了煤炭的基础能源地位,因此如何实现煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用,成为科学家、产业界和社会关注的焦点。煤炭燃烧释放热能满足了我国约65%的发电生产需求,也为钢铁、建材、化工等工业领域提供热能,但同时也... 详细信息

我国以煤炭为主的能源资源禀赋决定了煤炭的基础能源地位,因此如何实现煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用,成为科学家、产业界和社会关注的焦点。煤炭燃烧释放热能满足了我国约65%的发电生产需求,也为钢铁、建材、化工等工业领域提供热能,但同时也释放氮氧化物、二氧化硫、粉尘等有害污染物,造成对大气环境的影响。因此实现占煤炭燃烧总量90%的工业领域煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用,是当前我国打赢污染防治攻坚战和蓝天保卫战的"卡脖子"问题,工业领域煤炭高效清洁燃烧利用技术亟待根本性革命。文章综述了我国煤炭清洁高效燃烧利用技术现状,提出了只有发展在燃烧过程中大幅度抑制氮氧化物(雾霾的"元凶")生成的变革性技术,再结合尾部烟气净化技术的应用,才能经济地实现常规燃煤污染物的超低排放甚至近零排放,达到甚至低于天然气排放水平,从而为工业领域煤炭高效清洁燃烧利用提供技术支撑。

关键词：工业领域煤炭燃烧清洁高效

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煤粉预热燃烧技术研发进展

中国电机工程学报 2022年第18期42卷 6535-6546页

作者：吕清刚朱书骏朱建国欧阳子区中国科学院工程热物理研究所北京市海淀区100190 中国科学院大学北京市石景山区100049

煤粉预热燃烧技术是正在研发的新型煤粉清洁高效燃烧技术,适用于工业锅炉、电站锅炉、热风炉、窑炉的新建和改造,具有燃料适应性强、NO_(x)排放低、负荷调节灵活等优点。该文对煤粉预热燃烧技术进行系统性的综述,介绍预热燃烧技术的发... 详细信息

煤粉预热燃烧技术是正在研发的新型煤粉清洁高效燃烧技术,适用于工业锅炉、电站锅炉、热风炉、窑炉的新建和改造,具有燃料适应性强、NO_(x)排放低、负荷调节灵活等优点。该文对煤粉预热燃烧技术进行系统性的综述,介绍预热燃烧技术的发展历程,阐述预热燃烧关键技术研发相关成果,包括颗粒流动特性、预热特性、燃烧特性、NO_(x)排放、能质平衡和模型预测等,并对预热燃烧技术中试研究及示范工程项目进展和部署进行总结。最后,对煤粉预热燃烧技术未来的发展趋势进行展望,以期为煤粉清洁高效燃烧及相关技术领域的发展提供参考。

关键词：煤粉预热燃烧高效燃烧低氮燃烧关键技术研发示范工程