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The Equilibrium and Growth Stability of Winter Wheat Root and Shoot Under Different Soil Water Conditions

Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第5期6卷 597-606页

作者： GAO Zhi-hong CHEN Xiao-yuan luo yuan-pei Yingdong College of Bioengineering Shaoguan University Shaoguan 512005 P.R.China Institute of Agro-Environment and Sustainable Development Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China

The equilibrium between root, shoot and growth stability under different soil water conditions were investigated in a tube experiment of winter wheat. The water supplying treatments included： sufficient irrigation at whole growth phase, moderate deficiency irrigation at whole growth phase, serious deficiency irrigation at whole growth phase, sufficient irrigation at jointing stage, tillering stage, flowering stage, and fillering respectively, after moderate and serious water deficit during their previous growth stage. Root and shoot biomass were measured. On the basis of the cooperative root-shoot interactions model, the equilibrium and growth stability were studied on the strength of the kinetics system theory. There was only one varying equilibrium point between the root and shoot over the life time of the winter wheat plant. Water stress prolonged the duration of stable growth, the more serious the water deficit, the longer the period of stable growth. The duration of stable growth was shortened and that of unstable growth was prolonged after water recovery. The growth behavior of the plants exposed to moderate water deficit shifted from stable to unstable until the end of the growth, after rewatering at flowering. In the life-time of the crop, the root and shoot had been adjusting themselves in structure and function so as to maintain an equilibrium, but could not achieve the equilibrium state for long. They were always in an unbalanced state from the beginning to the end of growth. This was the essence of root-shoot equilibrium. Water stress inhibited the function of root and shoot, reduced root shoot interactions, and as a result, the plant growth gradually tended to stabilize. Rewatering enhanced root shoot interactions, prolonged duration of instable growth. Rewatering at flowering could upset the inherent relativity during the long time of stable growth from flowering to filling stage, thus leading to unstable growth and enhanced dry matter accumulating rat

关键词： winter wheat root and shoot equilibrium growth stability soil moisture

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Characteristics and Driven Factors of Nitrous Oxide and Carbon Dioxide Emissions in Soil Irrigated with Treated Wastewater

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2012年第8期11卷 1354-1364页

作者： XUE Yan-dong YANG pei-ling luo yuan-pei LI Yun-kai REN Shu-mei SU Yan-ping NIU Yong-tao College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing 100083 P.R.China Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R. China

The reuse of treated wastewater in agricultural systems could partially help alleviate water resource shortages in developing countries. Treated wastewater differs from fresh water in that it has higher concentrations of salts, Escherichia coli and presence of dissolved organic matter, and inorganic N after secondary treatment, among others. Its application could thus cause environmental consequences such as soil salinization, ammonia volatilization, and greenhouse gas emissions. In an incubation experiment, we evaluated the characteristics and effects of water-filled pore space （WFPS） and N input on the emissions of nitrous oxide （N2O） and carbon dioxide （CO2） from silt loam soil receiving treated wastewater. Irrigation with treated wastewater （vs. distilled water） significantly increased cumulative N2O emission in soil （117.97 μg N kg-1）. Cumulative N2O emissions showed an exponentially increase with the increasing WFPS in unamended soil, but the maximum occurred in the added urea soil incubated at 60% WFPS. N2O emissions caused by irrigation with treated wastewater combined with urea-N fertilization did not simply add linearly, but significant interaction （P〈0.05） caused lower emissions than the production of N2O from the cumulative effects of treated wastewater and fertilizer N. Moreover, a significant impact on cumulative CO2 emission was measured in soil irrigated with treated wastewater. When treated wastewater was applied, there was significant interaction between WFPS and N input on N2O emission. Hence, our results indicated that irrigation with treated wastewater should cause great concern for increasing global warming potential due to enhanced emission of N2O and CO2.

关键词： treated wastewater nitrous oxide carbon dioxide water-filled pore space urea

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The Response of Winter Wheat Root to the Period and the After-Effect of Soil Water Stress

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2006年第4期5卷 284-290页

作者： YANG Gui-yu luo yuan-pei LI Bao-guo LIU Xiao-ying China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 P.R. China Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 P.R.China

To reveal the period and after-effect of soil water stress on winter wheat, the article employs the experiment results carried out in the greenhouse. The results showed that the root-restricted weights varied with stress degrees and stress times during and after water stressing. In the course of stress, the chief reason resticting the weight of root was the stress intensity at this time, and that of severe stress treatment was larger than that of mild stress treatment. After water stress was relieved, the results of the after-effect of soil water stress on root growth were that, the stress intensity of short-time and mild stress was larger than that of long-time and severe stress. Comparing two-stage stress intensities, root-restricted weight resulted from after-effect intensity of stress under all of the short-time treatment, and the mild and the long-time stress treatments, while that resulted from the period stress intensity under the severe and the long-time stress treatments. In general, the effects of water stress on root were attributed to the three factors, a formed basis in the previous stage, the after-effect of water condition before this stage and influence of water in this stage, which lead to the characters of root in the whole growth stage.

关键词： the period of stress after-effect of stress soil water root winter wheat

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Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase modulates lipogenesis and sugar homeostasis in Blattella germanica

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 387-404页

作者： Xiaojin pei Tiantian Bai yuan luo Zhanfeng Zhang Sheng Li Yongliang Fan Tong-Xian Liu Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology and Institute of Insect Science and Technology School of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northwestern Loess Plateau Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A&F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina Guangmeiyuan R&D Center Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied TechnologySouth China Normal UniversityMeizhouGuangdong ProvinceChina Institute of Entomology Guizhou UniversityGuiyangChina

Lipid and sugar homeostasis is critical for insect development and *** this study,we characterized an acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase gene in Blattella germanica(BgACC)that is involved in both lipogenesis and sugar *** found that BgACC was dominantly expressed in the fat body and integument,and was significantly upregulated after *** of BgACC in 5th-instar nymphs did not affect their normal molting to the next nymphal stage,but it caused a lethal phenotype during adult ***-RNA interference(RNAi)significantly downregulated total free fatty acid(FFA)and triacylglycerol(TAG)levels,and also caused a significant decrease of cuticular hydrocarbons(CHCs).Repression of BgACC in adult females affected the development of oocytes and resulted in sterile females,but BgACC-RNAi did not affect the reproductive ability of ***,knockdown of BgACC also changed the expression of insulin-like peptide genes(BglLPs),which mimicked a physiological state of high sugar *** addition,BgACC was upregulated when *** were fed on a high sucrose diet,and repression of BgACC upregulated the expression of the glycogen synthase gene(BgGlyS).Moreover,BgACC-RNAi increased the circulating sugar levels and glycogen storage,and a longevity assay suggested that BgACC was important for the survival of *** under conditions of high sucrose *** results confirm that BgACC is involved in multiple lipid biogenesis and sugar homeostasis processes,which further modulates insect reproduction and sugar *** study benefits our understanding of the crosstalk between lipid and sugar metabolism.

关键词： acetyl-CoA carboxylase German cockroach lipid biosynthesis sugar tolerance

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Long-term Evolution of Solar Activity and Prediction of the Following Solar Cycles

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2024年第3期24卷 194-204页

作者： pei-Xin luo Bao-Lin Tan National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Astronomy and Space Science University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Solar activities have a great impact on modern high-tech systems,such as human aerospace activities,satellite communication and navigation,deep space exploration,and related scientific ***,studying the long-term evolution trend of solar activity and accurately predicting the future solar cycles are highly *** on the wavelet transform and empirical function fitting of the longest recorded data of the annual average relative sunspot number(ASN)series of 323 yr to date,this work decisively verifies the existence of the solar century cycles and confirms that its length is about 104.0 yr,and the magnitude has a slightly increasing trend on the timescale of several hundred *** on this long-term evolutionary trend,we predict solar cycles 25 and26 by using phase similar prediction *** for solar cycle 25,its maximum ASN will be about146.7±33.40,obviously stronger than solar cycle *** peak year will occur approximately in 2024,and the period will be about 11±1 *** for solar cycle 26,it will start around 2030,and reach its maximum between2035 and 2036,with maximum ASN of about 133.0±3.200,and period of about 10 yr.

关键词： Sun activity-Sun evolution-(Sun) sunspots-methods data analysis

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Optimization of biofuel supply chain integrated with petroleum refineries under carbon trade policy

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第3期18卷 113-122页

作者： Wenhui Zhang Yiqing luo Xigang yuan Chemical Engineering Research Center School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin300350China State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Tianjin UniversityTianjin300350China

The use of fossil fuels results in significant carbon dioxide *** have been increasingly adopted as sustainable alternatives to fossil fuel to address this environmental *** petroleum refineries into biofuel supply chains is an effective approach to mitigating greenhouse gas emissions and improving environmental *** this study,an integrated supply chain optimization framework was established,considering the carbon trade *** addition,a mixed-integer nonlinear programming model was developed to optimize the selection of biomass suppliers,construction of pretreatment plants and biorefineries,integration of petroleum refineries,and selection of transportation routes with the objective of minimizing the total annual *** example is presented to illustrate the applicability of the *** optimization results show that integrating petroleum refineries into biofuel supply chains effectively mitigates carbon *** trade policies can have a direct impact on the total annual cost and carbon emissions of the supply chain.

关键词： renewable energy biofuel supply chain carbon trade policy

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SDGNN: Symmetry-Preserving Dual-Stream Graph Neural Networks

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第7期11卷 1717-1719页

作者： Jiufang Chen Ye yuan Xin luo the College of Computer Science and Technology Chongqing University of Posts and TelecommunicationsChongqing 400065 the Chongqing Key Laboratory of Big Data and Intelligent Computing Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesChongqing 400714China the College of Computer and Information Science Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China IEEE

Dear Editor,This letter proposes a symmetry-preserving dual-stream graph neural network(SDGNN) for precise representation learning to an undirected weighted graph(UWG). Although existing graph neural networks(GNNs) are influential instruments for representation learning to a UWG, they invariably adopt a unique node feature matrix for illustrating the sole node set of a UWG.

关键词： representation preserving undirected

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The Influence of Fluctuated Soil Moisture on Growth Dynamic of Winter Wheat

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第1期1卷 56-63页

作者： CHEN Xiao-yuan and luo yuan-pei( Institute of Resources and Environments, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094 Agrometeorology Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081 ) Institute of Resources and Environments China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 Agrometeorology Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081

Glasshouse and laboratory tests were carried out in 1996 - 1998 using winter wheat cultivars Beinong 6 as materials. The growth dynamics of the whole-wheat plant were analysed under constant and fluctuated soil water condition. The results revealed that water stress made the starting time of crop greatest growth phase(STCGGP) in advance, prolonged crop greatest growth phase(CGGP), decreased the rate of crop greatest growth (CGGR or CGRm), and as a result, the rate of dry matter accumulation was reduced and the growth of the crop was slowed down. Rewatering delayed STCGGP, shortened CGGP, increased CGGR, thus, the rate of dry matter accumulation had been boosted and the growth of the crop was accelerated. The growth rate, dry matter weight and grains yield of winter wheat were almost equal to the well-watered controls if they were rewatered under the condition of moderate water stress during the jointing stage.

关键词： Winter wheat Soil moisture Growth dynamics

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The Stimulating Effects of Rewatering on Leaf Area of Winter Wheat Suffering Water Stress

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第2期1卷 177-183页

作者： LIU Xiao-ying, luo yuan-pei and SHI yuan-chun( Institute of Resources and Environments , China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094 Institute of Agrometeorology, CAAS , Beijing 100081) Institute of Resources and Environments China Agricultural University Beijing 100094 Institute ofAgrometeorology CAAS Beijing 100081

After water stress at various levels and durations at different growth stages, rewatering could greatly stimulate the leaf area development of winter wheat. The results showed that the stimulation effect changed with water stress time, degree and duration. Rewatering under earlier stress had greater stimulation effect on leaf area than that under later stress. Higher stimulation effect was observed under severe water stress than that under moderate stress. Longer duration of stress resulted in low stimulation effect. In spite of the greater stimulation effect under severe and longer stress, the final leaf area in these situations was lower than that under moderate stress and shorter duration. Whenever the stress occurred, the stimulating effect was due to the increase of the leaf area of the tillers. Once the leaf on the main stem emerged during stress period, rewatering had no effect on its size, and consequently its leaf area. The stimulation of rewateirng on leaf area contributed to the final grain yield by 45% under moderate stress, and 67% under severe stress. Although the stimulation partly compensated for the loss during stress, the final leaf area and the grain yield could not reach the level without water stress.

关键词： Water stress Rewatering Winter wheat Stimulation Leaf area Yield

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In situ generation of oxyanions-decorated cobalt(nickel)oxyhydroxide catalyst with high corrosion resistance for stable and efficient seawater oxidation

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 508-516页

作者： Fengting luo pei Yu Jueting Xiang Junjie Jiang Shijian Chen Chongqing Key Laboratory of Interface Physics in Energy Conversion College of PhysicsChongqing UniversityChongqing 401331China Center of Modern Physics Institute for Smart City of Chongqing University in LiyangLiyang 213300JiangsuChina

The development of efficient and robust anode materials for stable alkaline seawater electrolysis is severely limited by chlorine evolution reaction and chloride ***,the sulfur-doped cobalt-nickel bimetallic phosphides(CoNiPS)are specifically designed as a pre-catalyst for navigating a surface reconstruction to fabricate the anions(PO^(3-)_(4) and SO^(2-)_(4))-decorated Co(Ni)OOH catalyst(R-CoNiPS)with exceptional durability and high activity for stable alkaline seawater oxidation(ASO).Various experiment techniques together with theoretical simulations both demonstrate that the in situ-generated PO^(3-)_(4) and SO^(2-)_(4) anions on catalyst surface can improve the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)activity,regulating and stabilizing the catalytic active species Co(Ni)OOH,as well as make a critical role in inhibiting the adsorp-tion of chloride ions and extending the service life of ***,this R-CoNiPS electrode exhi-bits superb OER activity toward AsO and stands out among the non-precious ASO electrocatalysts reported recently,requiring low overpotentials of 420 and 440 mV to attain large current densities of 500 and 1000 mA cm^(-2) in an alkaline natural seawater electrolyte,***,the catalyst displays a negligible chloride corrosion at room temperature during ASO operation(>200 h)at 500 mA cm^(-2).This work opens up a new viewpoint for designing high-activity and durable electrocata-lystsforseawaterelectrolysis.

关键词： Seawater electrolysis Anions Oxygen evolution reaction Chloride corrosion

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