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Optical grade (Gd_(0.95-x)lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) ceramics with near-zero optical loss: Effects of lu^(3+) doping on structural feature, microstructure evolution, and far-red luminescence

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2024年第1期13卷 113-123页

作者： Zhigang Sun Ji-Guang Li Huiyu Qian Yoshio Sakka Tohru SSuzuki bin lu School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Research Center for Electronic and Optical Materials National Institute for Materials ScienceIbaraki 305-0044Japan Key Laboratory of Photoelectric Detection Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province Ningbo 315211China

A chemical co-precipitation strategy was employed to synthesize a series of(Gd_(0.95−x)lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12)(x=0.1−0.95)powder phosphors,followed by vacuum sintering to achieve transparent garnet ceramic *** density functional theory indicated lu_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) was formed in priority compared with Gd_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) during solid-phase *** high-temperature sintering,the lu^(3+)substitution for Gd^(3+)suppressed point mass diffusion leading to a smaller grain *** in-line transmittances of bulk specimens with x=0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,and 0.95 nm were~83.5%,80.1%,68.8%,73.7%,and 82.2%at 710 nm(Eu^(3+)emission center),respectively,among which the sample of x=0.1 exhibited the optical grade with near-zero optical loss in agreement with the defect-free single crystal(~100%of the theoretical transmittance).The resulting particle and ceramic materials both presented characteristic Eu^(3+)emission arising from 5D0→7FJ(J=1−4)transition,where the dominant far-red emission at~710 nm arising from ^(5)D_(0)→^(7)F_(4) transition overlapped with the absorption of phytochrome(PFR).The photoluminescence excitation and photoluminescence intensities of(Gd_(0.95−x)lu_(x)Eu_(0.05))_(3)Al_(5)O_(12) powders and ceramics generally increased at a higher Gd^(3+)/lu^(3+)***^(3+)dopants delayed the fluorescence lifetime while the bulk samples had shorter lifetime compared to the particle *** transparent(Gd_(0.85)lu_(0.1)Eu_(0.05))3Al_(5)O_(12) ceramic phosphor exhibited good thermal stability with a high thermal quenching temperature above 533 *** designed ceramic phosphor-converted light-emitting diode had a saturation injection current of 435 mA and a current-dependent color rendering *** importantly,our report marked the developmental stage of transparent ceramic materials towards zero optical loss.

关键词： transparent ceramics garnet phosphors light-emitting diode(LED) optical properties Gibbs free energy

Selection of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis of Phenacoccus solenopsis(Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) sex-dimorphic development

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第4期18卷 854-864页

作者： ZHENG lu-ying ZHANG Zhi-jun ZHANG Jin-ming LI Xiao-wei HUANG Jun LIN Wen-cai LI Wei-di LI Chuan-ren lu yao-bin College of Agriculture Yangtze University Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Mealybugs, such as Phenacoccus solenopsis, are highly sexually dimorphic. Winged adult males present such remarkable morphological differences from females that, to the untrained eye, conspecific adults of both sexes of P. solenopsis may be considered as two different insect species. A method to investigate sex-dimorphic mechanisms is by evaluating gene expression using RT-qPCR. However, the accuracy and consistency of this technique depend on the reference gene(s) selected. In this study, we analyzed the expression of 10 candidate reference genes in male and female P. solenopsis at different development stages, using common algorithms including the ?Ct method, NormFinder, geNorm, BestKeeper, and a web-based analysis tool, RefFinder. The results showed that EF1-β, RP-L32 and RP-18 S were selected as the most stable genes by both the ?Ct method and NormFinder; TUB-α was the most stable gene identified by BestKeeper; and RP-L40 and RP-L32 were the most stable genes ranked by geNorm. RefFinder, a comprehensive analysis software, ranked the ten genes and determined EF1-β and RP-L32 as the most suitable reference genes for the various developmental stages in male and female P. solenopsis. Furthermore, the two most suitable reference genes were validated by examining expression of the juvenile hormone acid O-methytransferase(JHAMT) gene. Results of the validation portion of the study showed that JHAMT expression was sex-biased towards males and exhibited a dynamic and classic expression pattern among the P. solenopsis developmental stages. The results can help further our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms underlying sexual dimorphic development in P. solenopsis.

关键词： Phenacoccus solenopsis RT-qPCR sexual dimorphic development reference gene gene stability

Construction of spinel/biochar film/honeycomb monolithic catalyst for photothermal catalytic oxidation of VOCs

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2024年第9期18卷 61-71页

作者： Xikai lu Chunyan Zhang Meng Wu Wenjie Liu bin Xue Chao yao Xiazhang Li National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Refining and High-quality Utilization Changzhou UniversityChangzhou 213164China Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of DelawareDelaware CityDE 19716USA

Photothermal catalytic oxidation emerges as a promising method for the removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs).Herein,via sol-gel impregnation method,spinel CuMn_(2)O_(4)was coated on attapulgite honeycombs with integrating biochar(BC)film as the second carrier,using chestnut shell as complexation *** mass ratios of CuMn_(2)O_(4)to chestnut shell was modulated to investigate the catalytic toluene degradation *** indicated that the monolithic CuMn_(2)O_(4)/BC/honeycomb catalyst demonstrated superior photothermal catalytic toluene degradation with a low T90(temperature at 90%degradation)of 263°C when the mass ratio of CuMn_(2)O_(4)to biomass was 1:*** addition of BC film substantially increased the honeycomb's specific surface area and improved the photothermal conversion of spinel,leading to enhanced photothermal catalytic *** study presents a cost-effective strategy for eliminating industrial VOCs using clay-biomass based monolithic catalyst.

关键词： CuMn_(2)O_(4) biochar photothermal catalysis attapulgite honeycomb volatile organic compound

Collective Molecular Machines: Multidimensionality and Reconfigurability

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Nano-Micro Letters 2024年第8期16卷 309-340页

作者： bin Wang Yuan lu Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis Ministry of EducationTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084People’s Republic of China

Molecular machines are key to cellular activity where they are involved in converting chemical and light energy into efficient mechanical *** the last 60 years,designing molecular structures capable of generating unidirectional mechanical motion at the nanoscale has been the topic of intense *** progress has been made,attributed to advances in various fields such as supramolecular chemistry,biology and nanotechnology,and ***,individual molecular machines are only capable of producing nanometer work and generally have only a single *** order to address these problems,collective behaviors realized by integrating several or more of these individual mechanical units in space and time have become a new *** this review,we comprehensively discuss recent developments in the collective behaviors of molecular *** particular,collective behavior is divided into two *** is the appropriate integration of molecular machines to efficiently amplify molecular motions and deformations to construct novel functional *** other is the construction of swarming modes at the supramolecular level to perform nanoscale or microscale *** discuss design strategies for both modes and focus on the modulation of features and ***,in order to address existing challenges,the idea of transferring experience gained in the field of micro/nano robotics is presented,offering prospects for future developments in the collective behavior of molecular machines.

关键词： Molecular machines Collective control Collective behaviors DNA Biomolecular motors

Initial costates derived by near-optimal reference sequence and least-squares method

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 377-391页

作者： Shaozhao lu yao ZHANG Quan HU School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

In this paper,we present a novel initial costates solver for initializing time-optimal trajectory problems in relative motion with continuous low *** proposed solver consists of two primary components:training a Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)for generating reference sequence and Time of Flight(TOF)to the target,and deriving a system of linear algebraic equations for obtaining the initial *** overcome the challenge of generating training samples for the MLP,the backward generation method is proposed to obtain five different training *** training database and sample form are determined by analyzing the input and output correlation using the Pearson correlation *** best-performing MLP is obtained by analyzing the training results with various hyper-parameter combinations.A reference sequence starting from the initial states is obtained by integrating forward with the near-optimal control vector from the output of ***,a system of linear algebraic equations for estimating the initial costates is derived using the reference sequence and the necessary conditions for *** results demonstrate that the proposed initial costates solver improves the convergence ratio and reduce the function calls of the shooting ***,Monte-Carlo simulation illustrates that the initial costates solver is applicable to different initial velocities,demonstrating excellent generalization ability.

关键词： Relative motion Expanding training database Multilayer perceptron Initial costates Least-squares method

Tuning mechanical behaviors of highly entangled hydrogels with the random distribution of mobile entanglements

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第2期45卷 277-294页

作者： Jinlong LIU Di lu bin CHEN Department of Engineering Mechanics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Beijing System Design Institute of Electro-Mechanic Engineering Beijing 100854China Intelligent Robotic Research Center Zhejiang LaboratoryHangzhou 310027China Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province Hangzhou 311100China

Highly entangled hydrogels exhibit excellent mechanical properties,including high toughness,high stretchability,and low *** considering the evolution of randomly distributed entanglements within the polymer network upon mechanical stretches,we develop a constitutive theory to describe the large stretch behaviors of these *** the theory,we utilize a representative volume element(RVE)in the shape of a cube,within which there exists an averaged chain segment along each edge and a mobile entanglement at each *** employing an explicit method,we decouple the elasticity of the hydrogels from the sliding motion of their entanglements,and derive the stress-stretch relations for these *** present theoretical analysis is in agreement with experiment,and highlights the significant influence of the entanglement distribution within the hydrogels on their *** also implement the present developed constitutive theory into a commercial finite element software,and the subsequent simulations demonstrate that the exact distribution of entanglements strongly affects the mechanical behaviors of the structures of these ***,the present theory provides valuable insights into the deformation mechanism of highly entangled hydrogels,and can aid in the design of these hydrogels with enhanced performance.

关键词： highly entangled hydrogel constitutive theory entanglement gamma distribution

Plastid phylogenomics provides new insights into the systematics,diversification,and biogeography of Cymbidium(Orchidaceae)

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Plant Diversity 2024年第4期46卷 448-461页

作者： Hai-yao Chen Zhi-Rong Zhang Xin yao Ji-Dong Ya Xiao-Hua Jin Lin Wang lu lu De-Zhu Li Jun-Bo Yang Wen-bin Yu Center for Integrative Conservation&Yunnan Key Laboratory for the Conservation of Tropical Rainforests and Asian Elephants Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMenglaYunnan 666303China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Huairou DistrictBeijing 101408China Plant Germplasm and Genomics Center Germplasm Bank of Wild SpeciesKunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specility Crops Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesHaidian DistrictBeijing 100093China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Productsand Yunnan College of Modern Biomedical IndustryKunming Medical UniversityKunmingYunnan 650500China Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute Chinese Academy of SciencesYezinNay Pyi Taw 05282Myanmar

Cymbidium(Orchidaceae:Epidendroideae),with around 60 species,is widely-distributed across Southeast Asia,providing a nice system for studying the processes that underlie patterns of biodiversity in the ***,phylogenetic relationships of Cymbidium have not been well resolved,hampering investigations of species diversification and the biogeographical history of this *** this study,we construct a plastome phylogeny of 56 Cymbidium species,with four well-resolved major clades,which provides a framework for biogeographical and diversification rate *** dating and biogeographical analyses show that Cymbidium likely originated in the region spanning northern IndoBurma to the eastern Himalayas during the early Miocene(~21.10 Ma).It then rapidly diversified into four major clades in East Asia within approximately a million years during the middle *** *** to the adjacent regions(Borneo,Philippines,and Sulawesi)primarily occurred during the Pliocene-Pleistocene *** analyses indicate that the net diversification rate of Cymbidium has decreased since its origin,and is positively associated with changes in temperature and monsoon *** hydrothermal conditions brought by monsoon intensification in the early Miocene possibly contributed to the initial rapid diversification,after which the net diversification rate was reduced with the cooling climate after the middle *** transition from epiphytic to terrestrial habits may have enabled adaptation to cooler environments and colonization of northern niches,yet without a significant effect on diversification *** study provides new insights into how monsoon activity and temperature changes affected the diversification dynamics of plants in Southeast Asia.

关键词： Cymbidium East Asia Asian monsoons Climate change Biogeographical patterns

Dual-assisted high-precision tracking technique for wideband multiplexed signals in new generation GNSS

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Satellite Navigation 2024年第1期5卷 52-73页

作者： Yunhan Qi Zheng yao Mingquan lu Department of Electronic Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology Beijing100084China

With the evolution of Global Navigation Satellite System(GNSS),new generation GNSS signals have adopted the dual-frequency multiplexing modulation techniques,which jointly modulate multiple signals located on multiple sub-frequencies into a Wideband Multiplexed Signal(WMS).Although WMSs were proposed initially to reduce the complexity of satellite transmitters and improve the transmission efficiency of signals,their multi-component structures and wide root mean square bandwidths introduced by high-frequency subcarriers also provide the possibility to improve the GNSS ranging ***,this paper proposes a Dual-assisted Multi-component Tracking(DMT)technique,which can not only fully use high-frequency subcarriers in WMSs,but also effectively track carrier,subcarrier,and code by jointly utilizing all components in *** this paper,the tracking and ranging performances of DMT are comprehensively analyzed theoretically and by simulation and real *** results show that compared with existing WMS tracking methods,DMT can achieve tracking results with lower tracking jitters and ranging results with higher precision,providing a highly advantageous solution for new generation GNSS signal processing.

关键词： Wideband multiplexed signal Dual-assisted Multi-component High precision tracking

AHFO-based soil water content sensing technology considering soil-sensor thermal contact resistance

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2024年第7期16卷 2715-2731页

作者： Mengya Sun Peng Wu bin Shi Jin Liu Jie Liu Juncheng yao Yipin lu Yunqiang Wang Xiaoyan Li School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Hohai UniversityNanjing210098China School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Nanjing UniversityNanjing210023China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong Kong999077Hong KongChina State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an710061China

The actively heated fiber-optic(AHFO)technology has become emerged as a research focus due to its advantages of distributed,real-time measurement and good *** attributes have led to the gradual application of AHFO technology to the water content measurement of in situ ***,all existing in situ applications of AHFO technology fail to consider the effect of soilesensor contact quality on water content measurements,limiting potential for the wider application of AHFO *** address this issue,the authors propose a method for determining the soilesensor thermal contact resistance based on the principle of an infinite cylindrical heat *** is then used to establish an AHFO water content measurement technology that considers the thermal contact *** reliability and validity of the new measurement technology are explored through a laboratory test and a field case study,and the spatial-temporal evolution of the soil water content in the case is *** results demonstrate that method for determining the soilesensor thermal contact resistance is highly effective and applicable to all types of *** method requires only the moisture content,dry density,and thermal response of the in situ soil to be *** the field case,the measurement error of soil water content between the AHFO method,which takes into account the thermal contact resistance,and the neutron scattering method is only *** water content of in situ soil exhibits a seasonal variation,with an increase in spring and autumn and a decrease in summer and ***,the response of shallow soils to precipitation and evaporation is *** findings contribute to the enhancement of the accuracy of the AHFO technology in the measurement of the water content of in situ soils,thereby facilitating the dissemination and utilization of this technology.

关键词： Soil water content Actively heated fiber-optic(AHFO) technology Soilesensor thermal contact resistance Reliability In situ application