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平凡的世界

Frontiers of Literary Studies in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2022年第2期16卷 173-185页

作者： LU Yao 不详

ⅠJust when his village and folks are going through drastic changes,Sun Shaoping finds himself in great distress.His three-year teaching career has come to an end,so all he can do is come back home to live as a peasant.

关键词： Just teaching has

Disturbance observer-based backstepping control for hypersonic flight vehicles without use of measured flight path angle

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2021年第2期34卷 396-406页

作者： yao lu Beijing Aerospace Automatic Control Institute Beijing 100854China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aerospace Intelligence Control Beijing 100854China

In this paper a nonlinear control method is proposed for the tracking control of hypersonic flight vehicles. The designed control laws do not utilize the measured flight path angle due to its inferior accuracy in practical engineering. For this, an estimated flight path angle is designed via the measurements of the altitude and velocity. A tracking differentiator is designed for constructing nonlinear disturbance observer which is used to estimate the model uncertainties including the parameter indeterminacies and external disturbances in the channels of velocity and pitch rate. A robust high-order differentiator is introduced to avoid the employment of the measured flight path angle and estimate the lumped disturbance in dynamics of flight path angle. Meanwhile, the possible saturation of the control inputs is considered and compensated by the auxiliary states. The boundness of closed-loop signals is proved through the Lyapunov theory. Comparative simulations are carried out and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： Anti-saturation Backstepping Disturbance observer Flight control Hypersonic flight vehicle State estimation

An Innovative Approach to Predicting Scour Depth Around Foundations Under Combined Waves and Currents in Large-Scale Tests Based on Small-Scale Tests

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第3期22卷 637-648页

作者： HU Ruigeng LIU Hongjun LU Yao WANG Xiuhai SHI Wei College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology Ministry of EducationQingdao 266100China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Geological Engineering Qingdao 266100China School of Civil Engineering Qingdao University of TechnologyQingdao 266033China

This study presents an innovative theoretical approach to predicting the scour depth around a foundation in large-scale model tests based on small-scale model tests under combined waves and currents.In the present approach,the hydrodynamic parameters were designed based on the Froude similitude criteria.To avoid the cohesive behavior,we scaled the sediment size based on the settling velocity similarity,i.e.,the suspended load similarity.Then,a series of different scale model tests was conducted to obtain the scour depth around the pile in combined waves and currents.The fitting formula of scour depth from the small-scale model tests was used to predict the results of large-scale tests.The accuracy of the present approach was validated by comparing the prediction values with experimental data of large-scale tests.Moreover,the correctness and accuracy of the present approach for foundations with complex shapes,e.g.,the tripod foundation,was further checked.The results indicated that the fitting line from small-scale model tests slightly overestimated the experimental data of large-scale model tests,and the errors can be accepted.In general,the present approach was applied to predict the maximum or equilibrium scour depth of the large-scale model tests around single piles and tripods.

关键词： scour scour depth prediction Froude similarity scale effects combined waves and currents

Initial costates derived by near-optimal reference sequence and least-squares method

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第5期37卷 377-391页

作者： Shaozhao lu yao ZHANG Quan HU School of Aerospace Engineering Beijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China

In this paper,we present a novel initial costates solver for initializing time-optimal trajectory problems in relative motion with continuous low thrust.The proposed solver consists of two primary components:training a Multilayer Perceptron(MLP)for generating reference sequence and Time of Flight(TOF)to the target,and deriving a system of linear algebraic equations for obtaining the initial costates.To overcome the challenge of generating training samples for the MLP,the backward generation method is proposed to obtain five different training databases.The training database and sample form are determined by analyzing the input and output correlation using the Pearson correlation coefficient.The best-performing MLP is obtained by analyzing the training results with various hyper-parameter combinations.A reference sequence starting from the initial states is obtained by integrating forward with the near-optimal control vector from the output of MLP.Finally,a system of linear algebraic equations for estimating the initial costates is derived using the reference sequence and the necessary conditions for optimality.Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed initial costates solver improves the convergence ratio and reduce the function calls of the shooting function.Furthermore,Monte-Carlo simulation illustrates that the initial costates solver is applicable to different initial velocities,demonstrating excellent generalization ability.

关键词： Relative motion Expanding training database Multilayer perceptron Initial costates Least-squares method

Humidity sensor based on BiOBr synthesized under ambient condition

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Journal of Semiconductors 2022年第12期43卷 95-100页

作者： Chaofan Cao Guixian Xiao yao lu Second Affiliated Hospital Shenyang Medical CollegeShenyang 110035China State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy School of Vehicle and MobilityTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

Flexible humidity sensors are effective portable devices for human respiratory monitoring.However,the current pre-paration of sensitive materials need harsh terms and the small production output limits their practicability.Here,we report a syn-thesis method of single-crystal BiOBr nanosheets under room temperature and atmospheric pressure based on a sonochemic-al strategy.A flexible humidity sensor enabled by BiOBr nanosheets deliver efficient sensing performance,a high humidity sensit-ivity(Ig/I0=550%)with relative humidity from 40%to 100%,an excellent selectivity,and a detection response/recovery time of 11 and 6 s,respectively.The flexible humidity sensor shows a potential application value as a wearable monitoring device for res-piratory disease prevention and health monitoring.

关键词： human breathing BiOBr nanosheets sonochemical strategy flexible humidity sensor

Risk transmission evaluation for parallel construction of warships based on IFCM and the cloud model

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2022年第6期33卷 1224-1237页

作者： GONG Jun HU Tao yao lu Department of Management Engineering and Equipment Economics Naval University of EngineeringWuhan 430033China

To cope with multi-directional transmission coupling,spreading, amplification, and chain reaction of risks during multiproject parallel construction of warships, a risk transmission evaluation method is proposed, which integrates an intuitionistic cloud model with a fuzzy cognitive map. By virtue of expectancy Ex, entropy En, and hyper entropy He, the risk fuzziness and randomness of the knowledge of experts are organically combined to develop a method for converting bi-linguistic variable decision-making information into the quantitative information of the intuitionistic normal cloud(INC) model. Subsequently, the threshold function and weighted summation operation in the traditional fuzzy cognitive map is converted into the INC ordered weighted averaging operator to create the risk transmission model based on the intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive map(IFCM) and the algorithm for solving it. Subsequently, the risk influence sequencing method based on INC and the risk rating method based on nearness are proposed on the basis of Monte Carlo simulation in order to realize the mutual conversion of the qualitative and quantitative information in the risk evaluation results.Example analysis is presented to verify the effectiveness and practicality of the methods.

关键词： risk evaluation multi-project parallel intuitionistic fuzzy cognitive map(IFCM) intuitionistic normal cloud(INC)model warship construction.

Fine Particulate Matter Exposure Induces Toxicity by Regulating Nuclear Factor-κB/toll-like Receptor 4/myeloid Differentiation Primary Response Signaling Pathways in RAW264.7 Cells

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2023年第5期36卷 458-462页

作者： ZHENG Mei Zhu LU Yao lu Ting Ting QIN Peng LI Yu Qiu SHI Dong Fang The Central Laboratory Changchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130000JilinChina College of Life Science Changchun Normal UniversityChangchun 130000JilinChina Soybean Research Institute Jilin Academy Agricultural of ScienceChangchun 130033JilinChina

Global air pollution has become a major threat to human health. Daily variations in air pollution have been linked to increased risks of cardiopulmonaryrelated morbidity and mortality. In particular, fine particulate matter(PM) with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm(PM2.5), which mostly originates from coal combustion, vehicle exhaust, and open sources in Chinese cities, is detrimental to health[1].Epidemiological and experimental investigations have demonstrated that long-term exposure to PM2.5, the most dangerous particulate in the Earth’s atmosphere, is a pivotal risk factor for cardiorespiratory diseases.

关键词： pollution mostly Earth

Changes in the Cytokine Profiles of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B during Antiviral Therapy

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2021年第6期34卷 443-453页

作者： LI Ming Hui lu Hui Hui CHEN Qi Qi LIN Yan Jie ZENG Zhan LU Yao ZHANG lu DONG Jian Ping YI Wei XIE yao Department of Hepatology Division 2 Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China Department of Hepatology Division 2 Peking University Ditan Teaching HospitalBeijing 100015China Department of Infectious Diseases Haidian HospitalBeijing Haidian Section of Peking University Third HospitalBeijing 100080China Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100015China

Objective To investigate the changes in the cytokine profiles of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients undergoing antiviral treatment.Methods Hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive patients were treated with Pegylated interferon(PEGIFN)and entecavir(ETV).Clinical biochemistry and cytokines were detected at baseline and every 3 months.Results In all,200 patients completed 48 weeks of treatment,100 in the PEG-IFN group and 100 in the ETV group.During 3–6 months of treatment,compared with baseline,the PEG-IFN group showed a significant decrease in interferon-gamma(IFN-γ),interleukin-17 A(IL-17 A),interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-10(IL-10),and transforming growth factor beta(TGF-β)(Plusion During antiviral therapy,a change in the cytokine profile occurred;in the aspect of immune control and functional cure,PEG-IFN was significantly better than ETV.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Cytokine Interferon Nucleoside(nucleotide)analog

Cellulose nanofibril matrix drives the dynamic formation of spheroids

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2023年第10期24卷 922-934页

作者： Yi lu Guo LI Yeqiu LI Yuan yao College of Chemical and Biological Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 311215China School of Physical Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China

Multicellular spheroids,which mimic the natural organ counterparts,allow the prospect of drug screening and regenerative medicine.However,their application is hampered by low processing efficiency or limited scale.This study introduces an efficient method to drive rapid multicellular spheroid formation by a cellulose nanofibril matrix.This matrix enables the facilitated growth of spheroids(within 48 h)through multiple cell assembly into size-controllable aggregates with well-organized physiological microstructure.The efficiency,dimension,and conformation of the as-formed spheroids depend on the concentration of extracellular nanofibrils,the number of assembled cells,and the heterogeneity of cell types.The above strategy allows the robust formation mechanism of compacted tumoroids and hepatocyte spheroids.

关键词： Cellulose Nanofibril Matrix Self-assembly Spheroid