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Chinese guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of hand, foot and mouth disease (2.18 edition)

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第5期14卷 437-447页

作者： Xing-Wang Li Xin Ni Su-yun Qian Quan Wang Rong-Meng Jiang Wen-Bo Xu Yu-Cai Zhang Guang-Jun Yu Qiang Chen yun-Xiao {2. Cheng-Song Zhao Hui Yu Ting Zhang Gang Liu Hui-Ling Deng Jie Gao xian-Gui Ran Qiao-Zhi Yang Bian-Li Xu Xue-Yong Huang Xing-Dong Wu Yi-Xiao Bao Yi-Ping Chen Zhi-Hai Chen Qing-Quan Liu Guo-Ping lu Chun-Feng Liu Rong-Bing Wang Guo-Liang Zhang Fang Gu Hong-Mei Xu Ying Li Tao Yang Infectious Disease Diagnosis and Treatment Center Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Otorhinolaryngology Head andN eck Surgery Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Prediatric Intensive Care Unit Beijing Children’s Hospital of Capit al Medical UniversityBeijingChina National institute For Viral Disease Control and Prevention Chinese Center for Disease Control and Pre ventionBeijingChina Children’s Hospital ofshanghai Jiaotong University ShanghaiChina Pneumology department Jiangxi Provincial Children’s HospitalNanchangChina Department of P ediatric Pneumology Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangChina Department of Inf ectious Diseases Beijing Children’s HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of Inf ectious Diseases Children’s Hospital of Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Digestive Department Children’s Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Department of Inf ectious Diseases The Children’s Hospital of Xi'anXi’anChina Infection Control Offi ce Children’s Hospital ofShanghai Jiaotong UniversityShanghaiChina Department ofR espiratory Medicine People’s Hospital ofFuy ang CityFuyangChina Department of P ediatrics People’s Hospital of Liaoc heng CityLiaochengChina

Background Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease in childhood caused by an enterovirus (EV), and which is principally seen in children under 5 years of age. To promote diagnostic awareness and effective treat-ments, to further standardize and strengthen the clinical management and to reduce the mortality of HFMD, the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment have been developed. Methods National Health Commission of china assembled an expert committee for a revision of the guidelines. The com-mittee included 33 members who are specialized in diagnosis and treatment of HFMD. Results Early recognition of severe cases is utmost important in diagnosis and treatment of patients with HFMD. The key to diagnosis and treatment of severe cases lies in the timely and accurate recognition of stages 2.and 3 of HFMD, in order to stop progression to stage 4. Clinicians should particularly pay attention to those EV-A71 cases in children aged less than 3 years, and those with disease duration less than 3 days. The following indicators should alert the clinician of possible deterioration and impending critical disease: (1) persistent hyperthermia;(2. involvement of nervous system;(3) worsening respiratory rate and rhythm;(4) circulatory dysfunction;(5) elevated peripheral WBC count;(6) elevated blood glucose and (7) elevated blood lactic acid. For treatment, most mild cases can be treated as outpatients. Patients should be isolated to avoid cross-infection. Intense treatment modalities should be given for those severe cases. Conclusion The guidelines can provide systematic guidance on the diagnosis and management of HFMD.

关键词： Diagnosis Guidelines HFMD Treatment

Seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Africa and china's upgraded role as a contributor:a scoping review

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第4期12卷 99-99页

作者： Ming Xu yun-Xuan Hu Shen-Ning lu Muhammad Abdullahi Idris Shu-Duo Zhou Jian Yang {2.g-Ning Feng Yang-Mu Huang {2. Xu Ying Chen Duo-Quan Wang Department of Global Health School of Public Health Peking University Haidian District Beijing China institute for Global Health and Development Peking University Beijing China National institute of Parasitic Diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases National Center for International Research On Tropical Diseases Shanghai China Physiotherapy Department Federal Medical Center Gusau Nigeria Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Hefei China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China

Background Children under five are the vulnerable population most at risk of being infected with Plasmodium para-sites,especially in the Sahel *** malaria chemoprevention(SMC)recommended by World Health Organi-zation(WHO),has proven to be a highly effective intervention to prevent *** more deaths reported during the COVID-19 pandemic than in previous years due to the disruptions to essential medical services,it is,therefore,necessary to seek a more coordinated and integrated approach to increasing the pace,coverage and resilience of *** this end,fully leverage the resources of major players in the global fight against malaria,such as china could accelerate the SMC process in *** We searched PubMed,MEDLINE,Web of science,and Embase for research articles and the Institutional Repository for Information Sharing of WHO for reports on *** used gap analysis to investigate the challenges and gaps of SMC since *** the above methods to explore china's prospective contribution to *** A total of 68 research articles and reports were *** gap analysis,we found that despite the delays in the SMC campaign,11.8 milion children received SMC in ***,there remained some challenges:(1)a shortage of fully covered monthly courses;(2.lack of adherence to the second and third doses of amodiaquine;(3)four courses of SMC are not sufficient to cover the entire malaria transmission season in areas where the peak transmission lasts longer;(4)additional interventions are needed to consolidate SMC *** was certified malaria-free by WHO in 2.2.,and its experience and expertise in malaria elimination can be shared with high-burden *** the potential to join the multilateral cooperation in SMC,including the supply of quality-assured health commodities,know-how transfer and experience sharing,china is expected to contribute to the ongoing Scale-up of *** A combination of necessary prevent

关键词： Seasonal malaria chemoprevention Malaria Prevention china's contribution Multilateral partnership

Signature Inversion of the Semi-decoupled Band in the Odd-Odd Nucleus ^(170)Ta

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Chinese Physics Letters 2001年第7期18卷 888-890页

作者： DENG Fu-Guo YANG Chun-xiang SUN Hui-Bin WU Xiao-Guang lu Jing-Bin ZHAO Guang-Yi HAN Guang-Bing PENG Zhao-Hua YIN Li-Chang WEN Shu-xian LI Guang-Sheng YUAN Guan-JunZHOU Hong-Yu LIU yun-Zuo ZHU Li-Hua The Key Laboratory of Beam Technology and Materials Modification of Ministry of Education Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875 china institute of Atomic Energy P.O.Box 275-10Beijing 102413 institute of Nuclear Technique Shenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060 Department of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130023 beijing Radiation Center Beijing 100875

The high-spin states of the odd-odd nucleus 170Ta have been studied by the 150Gd(19F,4n)170Ta reaction at the beam energy of 97 *** α=1 sequence of the semi-decoupled band has been pushed to higher-spin states and the signature inversion point was observed at 19.5ħ.The results are compared with those of the neighboring odd-odd nuclei.

关键词： Inversion neighboring

Superdeformed Bands in ^(167)lu and ^(171)Ta

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Chinese Physics Letters 1997年第1期14卷 17-19页

作者： WU Xiao-guang YANG Chun-xiang ZHENG Hua LIU xiang-an SHEN Cai-wan CHEN Yong-shou MA Ying-jun {2. Jing-bin WEN Shu-xian LI Guang-sheng LI Sheng-gang YUAN Guan-jun WENG Pei-kun LIU yun-zuo china institute of Atomic Energy Beijing 102413 Department of Physics Jilin UniversityChangchun 130023

High spin states of the odd-proton nucleus ^(167)lu have been studied via ^(152.Sm(^(19)F,4n)^(167)lu reaction at 87MeV beam energy.A weakly populated new rotationa1 band has been observed and assigned as i13/2.proton 1/2.(+)[660] *** new band and the 1/2.(+)[660] band in ^(171)Ta from the early work are classified as superdeformed bands with triaxiality.

关键词： energy. weakly

A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2.19 novel coronavirus(2.19-nCoV) infected pneumonia(standard version)

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Military Medical Research 2020年第1期7卷 1-22页

作者： Ying-Hui Jin Lin Cai Zhen-Shun Cheng Hong Cheng Tong Deng Yi-Pin Fan Cheng Fang Di Huang lu-Qi Huang Qiao Huang Yong Han Bo Hu Fen Hu Bing-Hui Li Yi-Rong Li Ke Liang Li-Kai Lin Li-Sha luo Jing Ma Lin-lu Ma Zhi-Yong Peng yun-Bao Pan Zhen-Yu Pan Xue-Qun Ren Hui-Min Sun Ying Wang yun-yun Wang Hong Weng Chao-Jie Wei Dong-Fang Wu Jian Xia Yong Xiong Hai-Bo Xu Xiao-Mei Yao Yu-Feng Yuan Tai-Sheng Ye Xiao-Chun Zhang Ying-Wen Zhang Yin-Gao Zhang Hua-Min Zhang Yan Zhao Ming-Juan Zhao Hao Zi xian-Tao Zeng Yong-Yan Wang Xing-Huan Wang 无 Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China institute of Hospital Management Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Respiratory Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Pharmacy Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China institute of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000China china academy of Chinese Medical {2.s Beijing 100700China china Center for Evidence Based Traditional Chinese Medicine(CCEBTCM) Beijing 100700China Department of Critical Care Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Clinical Laboratory Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Infectious Diseases Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Division of Medical Affairs Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Division of Nursing Affairs Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Office of Nosocomial Infection Control Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Emergency Center Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Radiology Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Health Research Methods Evidenceand ImpactMcMaster UniversityHamiltonON L8S 4L8Canada Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Global Health institute Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430072China the Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University Novel Coronavirus Management and Research Team Evidence-Based Medicine Chapter of china International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care(CPAM)

In December 2.19, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2.19 novel coronavirus(2.19-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12.January 2.2.. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2.19-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development;we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2.19-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2.19-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2.19-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2.19-nCoV.

关键词： 2.19 novel coronavirus 2.19-nCoV Respiratory disease Pneumonia Infectious diseases Rapid advice guideline Clinical practice guideline Evidence-based medicine

中国海相克拉通盆地内部走滑断裂发育特征及控藏作用

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地学前缘 2022年第6期29卷 224-238页

作者：郑和荣胡宗全云露林会喜邓尚贾会冲蒲勇中国石化石油勘探开发研究院北京102206 中国石化西北油田分公司新疆乌鲁木齐830011 中国石化华北油田分公司河南郑州450006 中国石化勘探分公司四川成都610041

走滑断控油气藏作为一种全新类型油气藏,其勘探潜力已初步显现。在对中国三大海相克拉通盆地内部走滑断裂发育特征与控藏作用开展对比分析的基础上,揭示了塔里木盆地、四川盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地内部走滑断裂空间结构与活动特征的相似性与... 详细信息

走滑断控油气藏作为一种全新类型油气藏,其勘探潜力已初步显现。在对中国三大海相克拉通盆地内部走滑断裂发育特征与控藏作用开展对比分析的基础上,揭示了塔里木盆地、四川盆地、鄂尔多斯盆地内部走滑断裂空间结构与活动特征的相似性与差异性,并结合盆地动力学演化特征探讨了不同盆地内部走滑断裂成因机制,系统分析了三大盆地内部走滑断裂的控藏作用:(1)中国三大海相克拉通盆地内部均发育中小尺度滑移距走滑断裂,普遍具有“纵向分层,平面分段,垂向多期叠加”的空间结构特征。(2.三大克拉通盆地内部走滑断裂体系具有成因、分布和期次的差异性。塔里木盆地内部走滑断裂体系形成时间早,演化时间长,在盆地北部具有“南北对接,东西分区”特征;鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘受燕山期(侏罗纪—白垩纪)陆内挤压影响,形成了北西西向走滑断裂体系;四川盆地受控于二叠纪峨眉山大地幔柱影响,在盆地内部先存基底断裂基础上,形成了北西向、北西西向、近东西向张扭型走滑断裂。(3)中国三大海相克拉通盆地内部走滑断裂对油气成藏和富集具有重要的控制作用。在控储方面,受断裂—流体耦合改造控制,可形成断控缝洞型储集体、断—溶缝洞型或断控裂缝—孔隙型储集体;在控圈方面,在碳酸盐岩地层中可形成断控缝洞型、断溶缝洞型岩性圈闭;在控运方面,走滑断裂产状高陡,可直接沟通烃源岩和储层,构成重要的油气垂向输导体系。

关键词：走滑断裂发育特征控藏作用塔里木盆地四川盆地鄂尔多斯盆地

Geological characteristics,metallogenic regularity,and research progress of lithium deposits in china

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china Geology 2022年第4期5卷 734-767页

作者： Bo Zhang Fan-yu Qi Xue-zheng Gao Xiao-lei Li yun-tao shang Zhao-yu Kong Li-qiong Jia JieMeng Hui Guo Fu-kang Fang Yan-bin Liu Xiao Jiang Hui Chai Zi Liu {2.-tao Ye Guo-dong Wang Development and Research Center China Geological SurveyMinistry of Natural ResourcesBeijing 100037China School of Earth sciences and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China china Coal Geology Group Company Limited Beijing 100040China china Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Natural Resources Beijing 100083China china National Geological Exploration Center of Building Materials Industry Beijing 100035China beijing institute of Geology for Mineral Resources Company Limited Beijing 100012China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China School of Resources and Environment Linyi UniversityLinyi 276005China

china is rich in abundant lithium resources characterized by considerable reserves and a concentrated distribution of metallogenic zones or belts,with proven reserves of 4046.8×10^(3) t(calculated based on Li_(2.O)by *** is also a big consumer of *** 2.19,china’s lithium consumption in the battery sector alone had reached 99×10^(3) t,with an average annual growth rate of nearly 2.%.china has become the world’s largest importer of lithium resources,showing a severely unbalanced relationship between supply and demand for lithium ***,there is an urgent need for the prospecting,exploitation,and study of lithium resources in *** study collected,organized,and summarized the data on the major lithium deposits in china,analyzed and compared the spatial-temporal distribution patterns,geological characteristics,and metallogenic regularity of these lithium deposits,and summarized the prospecting and research achievements over the last *** major lithium deposits in china are distributed in provinces and regions such as Qinghai,Jiangxi,Sichuan,Tibet,and *** deposits are mostly small in *** to different genetic types,this study divided lithium deposits into granitic pegmatite type,granite type,saline lake brine type,underground brine type,and sedimentary type,as well as new types including hot spring type and magmatic-hydrothermal type,and summarized the characteristics and key metallogenic factors of these different types of *** metallogenic prospect areas of lithium deposits were delineated according to the deposit types and the distribution patterns of metallogenic *** paper introduced the research progress in major metallogenic models and lithium extraction techniques made over the past *** on the comprehensive analysis of the prospecting potential of lithium deposits,the authors concluded that the future prospecting of lithium resources in china should focus on lithium metallogenic

关键词： Lithium deposit Deposit type Metallogenic age Metallogenic regularity Metallogenic belt Mineral exploration china

塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区奥陶系原油中乙基桥键金刚烷系列的检出及意义

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石油学报 2022年第6期43卷 788-803页

作者：马安来林会喜云露邱楠生朱秀香吴鲜中国石油化工股份有限公司石油勘探开发研究院北京102206 中国石油化工股份有限公司西北油田分公司新疆乌鲁木齐830060 中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院北京102249

乙基桥键金刚烷是金刚烷的变形化合物,其在油气地球化学中的应用薄弱。使用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)、气相色谱-质谱/质谱(GC-MS/MS)分析方法,在塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区奥陶系原油中检测出完整的乙基桥键金刚烷系列,包括C—C乙基桥键单金... 详细信息

乙基桥键金刚烷是金刚烷的变形化合物,其在油气地球化学中的应用薄弱。使用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)、气相色谱-质谱/质谱(GC-MS/MS)分析方法,在塔里木盆地顺托果勒地区奥陶系原油中检测出完整的乙基桥键金刚烷系列,包括C—C乙基桥键单金刚烷系列和C—C乙基桥键双金刚烷系列。通过分析典型化合物的质谱特征并与文献对比,确认了上述化合物的存在。使用D-单金刚烷作为定量内标,顺托果勒地区奥陶系原油中乙基桥键金刚烷系列化合物的浓度为93.66~8 542.70μg/g。原油中甲基-乙基桥键单金刚烷(META)指数与甲基单金刚烷指数、甲基菲比值之间存在良好的正相关性,表明甲基-乙基桥键单金刚烷指数可以作为确定原油成熟度的指标。6-META+1-META+2.META浓度与4-甲基双金刚烷+3-甲基双金刚烷浓度之间具有很好的正相关关系,且二者的浓度在同一数量级上,表明6-META+1-META+2.META浓度可以作为确定深层油气藏遭受次生改造作用的良好指标。顺托果勒地区奥陶系的现今地温具有从NW向SE方向逐渐增高的趋势,其中,顺托工区和顺南工区经历的最高古地温高于顺北工区,这也导致顺托工区和顺南工区奥陶系的原油遭受强烈裂解,部分原油叠加了硫酸盐热化学还原(TSR)作用。由顺北工区向顺托工区再至顺南工区,奥陶系的油气藏相态由轻质油、挥发油至凝析油气再至干气变化,6-META+1-META+2.META浓度由NW向SE方向逐渐增加,这为深层油气藏的热裂解作用及TSR作用提供了地球化学证据。

关键词：乙基桥键金刚烷甲基-乙基桥键单金刚烷指数金刚烷次生改造作用奥陶系顺托果勒地区塔里木盆地

Treatment and surveillance for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer:a clinical practice guideline(2.2. edition)

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Military Medical Research 2023年第2期10卷 141-161页

作者： Ying-Hui Jin xian-Tao Zeng Tong-Zu Liu Zhi-Ming Bai Zhong-Ling Dou De-Gang Ding Zhi-lu Fan Ping Han Yi-Ran Huang Xing Huang Ming Li Xiao-Dong Li Yi-Ning Li Xu-Hui Li Chao-Zhao Liang Jiu-Min Liu Hong-Shun Ma Juan Qi Jia-Qi Shi Jian Wang De-Lin Wang Zhi-Ping Wang {2.-{2. Wang Yong-Bo Wang Qiang Wei Hai-Bo Xia Jin-Chun Xing Si-Yu Yan Xue-Pei Zhang Guo-You Zheng Nian-Zeng Xing Da-Lin He Xing-Huan Wang on behalf of the Chinese Urological Doctor Association(CUDA),Urological Association of Chinese Research Hospital Association(CRHA-UA),Uro-Health Promotive Association of china International Exchange,Promotive Association for Medical,Health Care(CPAM-UHPA) Center for Evidence-Based and Translational Medicine Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Urology Institute of UrologyZhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071China Department of Urology Haikou People’s HospitalHaikou Afliated Hospital of Central South University Xiangya School of MedicineHaikou 570208China Department of Urology the First Afliated Hospital and College of Clinical MedicineHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyang 450052HenanChina Department of Urology Henan Provincial People’s Hospi-talZhengzhou University People’s HospitalZhengzhou 450003China Department of Urology the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116023LiaoningChina Department of Urology Institute of UrologyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengdu 610041China Department of Urology Renji HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200120China Department of Urology the People’s Hos-pital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqi 830002China Depart-ment of Urology Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000HenanChina institutes of Evidence-Based Medicine and Knowledge Translation Henan UniversityKaifeng 475000HenanChina Department of Urology the Second Afliated Hospital and Second Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical UniversityQuanzhou 362000FujianChina Department of Urol-ogy the First Afliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China Department of Urology Guangdong Provincial People’s HospitalGuangdong Academy of Medical SciencesGuangzhou 510080China Department of Urology Tianjin First Central HospitalTianjin 300190China Department of Urology Xinhua HospitalSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200092China Department of Urology Afliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyang 550004China Department of Urology Qinghai University Afliated HospitalXining 810012China Department of Urology the First Afliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical Univ

Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer(NMIBC)is a major type of bladder cancer with a high incidence worldwide,resulting in a great disease *** and surveillance are the most important part of NIMBC *** 2.18,we issued“Treatment and surveillance for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer in china:an evidencebased clinical practice guideline”.Since then,various studies on the treatment and surveillance of NMIBC have been *** is a need to incorporate these materials and also to take into account the relatively limited medical resources in primary medical institutions in *** a version of guideline which takes these two issues into account to promote the management of NMIBC is therefore *** formed a working group of clinical experts and *** questionnaire investigation of clinicians inc{2.ding primary medical institutions,2. clinically concerned issues,involving transurethral resection of bladder tumor(TURBT),intravesical chemotherapy and intravesical immunotherapy of NMIBC,and follow-up and surveillance of the NMIBC patients,were determined for this *** and recommendations on the management of NMIBC in databases,guideline development professional societies and monographs were referred to,and the European Association of Urology was used to assess the certainty of generated ***,we issued 2. statements,among which 2. were strong recommendations,and 7 were weak *** recommendations cover the topics of TURBT,postoperative chemotherapy after TURBT,Bacil{2.s Calmette–Guérin(BCG)immunotherapy after TURBT,combination treatment of BCG and chemotherapy after TURBT,treatment of carcinoma in situ,radical cystectomy,treatment of NMIBC recurrence,and follow-up and *** hope these recommendations can help promote the treatment and surveillance of NMIBC in china,especially for the primary medical institutions.

关键词： Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer Bladder cancer Transurethral resection of bladder tumor Treatment Surveillance Guideline