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The 2.2. report of synergetic roadmap on carbon neutrality and clean air for china:Accelerating transition in key sectors

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environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第3期19卷 4-18页

作者： Yu Lei Zhicong Yin Xi lu Qiang Zhang Jicheng Gong Bofeng Cai Cilan Cai Qimin Chai Huopo chen Renjie chen Shi chen Wenhui chen Jing cheng Xiyuan Chi Hancheng Dai Xiangzhao Feng Guannan Geng Jianlin Hu Shan Hu Cunrui Huang Tiantian Li Wei Li Xiaomei Li Jun Liu Xin Liu Zhu Liu Jinghui Ma Yue Qin Dan Tong Xuhui Wang Xuying Wang Rui Wu Qingyang Xiao Yang Xie Xiaolong Xu Tao Xue Haipeng Yu Da Zhang Ning Zhang Shaohui Zhang Shaojun Zhang Xian Zhang Xin Zhang Zengkai Zhang Bo Zheng Yixuan Zheng Jian Zhou Tong Zhu Jinnan Wang Kebin He Center of Air Quality Simulation and System Analysis Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Center for Carbon Neutrality Chinese Academy of Environmental PlanningBeijing100041China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD)Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing210044China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China institute for Carbon Neutrality Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modelling Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China State Key Joint Laboratory for Environment Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering and Center for Environment and HealthPeking UniversityBeijing100871China National Center for Climate Change Strategy and International CooperationBeijing100035China Nansen-Zhu International research Centre Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China School of Public Health Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of HealthFudan UniversityShanghai200032China School of Economics and Management Beijing University of Chemical TechnologyBeijing100029China Department of Earth System Science University of CaliforniaIrvineCA92697USA National Meteorological Center China Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China College of environmental sciences and {2. Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Policy research Center for Environment and Economy Ministry of Ecology and Environment of the People's Republic of ChinaBeijing100029China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring

china is now confronting the intertwined challenges of air pollution and climate *** the high synergies between air pollution abatement and climate change mitigation,the chinese government is actively promoting synergetic control of these two *** Synergetic Roadmap project was launched in 2.2. to track and analyze the progress of synergetic control in china by developing and monitoring key *** Synergetic Roadmap 2.2. report is the first annual update,featuring 2. indicators across five aspects:synergetic governance system and practices,progress in structural transition,air pollution and associated weather-climate interactions,sources,sinks,and mitigation pathway of atmospheric composition,and health impacts and benefits of coordinated *** to the comprehensive review presented in the 2.2. report,the Synergetic Roadmap 2.2. report places particular emphasis on progress in 2.2. with highlights on actions in key sectors and the relevant *** milestones include the proportion of non-fossil power generation capacity surpassing coal-fired capacity for the first time,a decline in the production of crude steel and cement after years of growth,and the surging penetration of electric ***,in 2.2.,china issued the first national policy that synergizes abatements of pollution and carbon emissions,marking a new era for china's pollution-carbon *** changes highlight china's efforts to reshape its energy,economic,and transportation structures to meet the demand for synergetic control and sustainable ***,the country has witnessed a slowdown in carbon emission growth,improved air quality,and increased health benefits in recent years.

关键词： Synergetic roadmap Carbon neutrality Clean air

A descriptor for the local dust storm occurrence probability constituted by meteorological factors

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research in Cold and arid Regions 2012年第2期4卷 140-153页

作者： WanYuan Li shihua lu ZhiBao Dong ShiGong Wang ZhiBao Shen YuChun {2. Ye Yu YinHuan Ao Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and arid Regions Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China Key Laboratory for Semi-arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China

Based on daily data sets of 17 meteorological factors during the period of 1954-2.05 for 60 gauge stations distributed over Gansu Province of china and the corresponding dust storm records, the dust storm probabilities related to different classes of each factor have been calculated and analyzed. On the basis of statistical analysis, a meteorological descriptor quantifying the daily dust storm occurrence probability for each station, which is referred to as the Dust Storm Occurrence Probability Index （DSOPI）, has been effectively established. According to the statistical characteristics of DSOPI for each station, a feasible judging criterion for a dust storm event has been determined, which can greatly contribute to forecasting dust storms and completing the unavailable historic dust storm records. Meanwhile, the average daily dust storm probability related to each factor on the dust storm day for each station has been specially analyzed in detail, finally disclosing that, in general, the more signifi- cant one factor＇s influence on dust storms, the greater its contribution to them; and each factor＇s contribution clearly varies from place to place. Moreover, on average, maximum and mean wind speeds, maximum-speed wind direction, daily sunny hours, evaporation, mean and lowest relative humidity, lowest surface air pressure and vapor pressure contribute to dust storm events in Gansu Province most greatly in order among all the 17 involved factors.

关键词： meteorological factor dust storm occurrence significance probability index contribution

Quantitative distinction of the relative actions of climate change and human activities on vegetation evolution in the Yellow River Basin of china during 1981-2.19

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Journal of arid Land 2023年第1期15卷 91-108页

作者： LIU Yifeng GUO Bing lu Miao ZANG Wenqian YU Tao chen Donghua School of Civil Architectural engineering Shandong University of TechnologyZibo 255000China Key Laboratory of Urban Land Resources Monitoring and Simulation Ministry of Natural ResourcesShenzhen 518000China Key Laboratory of National Geographic Census and Monitoring Ministry of Natural ResourcesWuhan 430072China Aerospace Information research institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Resources and environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Remote Sensing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional PlanningChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Zhongke Langfang institute of Spatial Information Applications Langfang 065000China College of Computer and Information engineering Chuzhou UniversityChuzhou 239000China

Under the combined influence of climate change and human activities,vegetation ecosystem has undergone profound *** can be seen that there are obvious differences in the evolution patterns and driving mechanisms of vegetation ecosystem in different historical ***,it is urgent to identify and reveal the dominant factors and their contribution rates in the vegetation change *** on the data of climate elements(sunshine hours,precipitation and temperature),human activities(population intensity and GDP intensity)and other natural factors(altitude,slope and aspect),this study explored the spatial and temporal evolution patterns of vegetation NDVI in the Yellow River Basin of china from 1989 to 2.19 through a residual method,a trend analysis,and a gravity center model,and quantitatively distinguished the relative actions of climate change and human activities on vegetation evolution based on Geodetector *** results showed that the spatial distribution of vegetation NDVI in the Yellow River Basin showed a decreasing trend from southeast to *** 1981-2.19,the temporal variation of vegetation NDVI showed an overall increasing *** gravity centers of average vegetation NDVI during the study period was distributed in Zhenyuan County,Gansu Province,and the center moved northeastwards from 1981 to *** 1981-2.00 and 2.01-2.19,the proportion of vegetation restoration areas promoted by the combined action of climate change and human activities was the *** the study period(1981-2.19),the dominant factors influencing vegetation NDVI shifted from natural factors to human *** results could provide decision support for the protection and restoration of vegetation ecosystem in the Yellow River Basin.

关键词： vegetation evolution driving mechanisms climate change human activities relative actions Geodetector Yellow River Basin

Spatial-temporal variability of snow cover over the Amur River Basin inferred from MODIS daily snow products in recent decades

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research in Cold and arid Regions 2020年第6期12卷 418-429页

作者： XiaoLin lu WanChang Zhang ShuHang Wang Bo Zhang QuanFu Niu JinPing Liu Hao chen HuiRan Gao Aerospace Information research institute Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100094China National engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration Chinese Research Academy of Environmental ScienceBeijing 100012China lanzhou University of Technology LanzhouGansu 730050China University of chinese academy of sciences Beijing 100049China

MODIS snow products MOD10A1\MYD10A1 provided us a unique chance to investigate snow cover as well as its spatial-temporal variability in response to global changes from regional and global *** means of MODIS snow products MOD10A1\MYD10A1 derived from an extensive area of the Amur River Basin,mainly located in the Northeast part of china,some part in far east area of the former USSR and a minor part in Republic of Mongolia,the reproduced snow datasets after removal of cloud effects covering the whole watershed of the Amur River Basin were generated by using 6 different cloud-effect-removing *** accuracy of the reproduced snow products was evaluated with the time series of snow depth data observed from 2.02.to 2.10 within the {2. part of the basin,and the results suggested that the accuracies for the reproduced monthly mean snow depth datasets derived from 6 different cloud-effect-removing algorithms varied from 82.to 96%,the snow classification accuracies(the harmonic mean of Recall and Precision)was higher than 80%,close to the accuracy of the original snow product under clear sky conditions when snow cover was stably *** using the reproduced snow product dataset with the best validated cloud-effect-removing algorithm newly proposed,spatial-temporal variability of snow coverage fraction(SCF),the date when snow cover started to accumulate(SCS)as well as the date when being melted off(SCM)in the Amur River Basin from 2.02.to 2.16 were *** results indicated that the SCF characterized the significant spatial heterogeneity tended to be higher towards East and North but lower toward West and South over the Amur River *** inter-annual variations of SCF showed an insignificant increase in general with slight fluctuations in majority part of the *** SCS and SCM tended to be slightly linear varied and the inter-annual differences were *** addition,a clear decreasing trend in snow cover is observed in the r

关键词： MODIS SCF SCS SCM Amur River Basin cloud effect removal

A brief history of wheat utilization in china

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and engineering 2019年第3期6卷 288-295页

作者： Minxia lu Liang chen Jinxiu WANG Ruiliang LIU Yang YANG Meng WEI Guanghui DONG MOE Key Laboratory of Western china’s environmental Systems/College of Earth&environmental sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou730000China State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in arid Areas/College of Agronomy Northwest A&F UniversityYangling712100China State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany/institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100093China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing100101China School of Archaeology University of Oxford36Beaumount StreetOxfordOX12PGUK University of the chinese academy of sciences Beijing100049China

Wheat is one of the most important crops in both china and the world, and its domestication can be traced back to ~10000 years ***, the history of its origin and utilization in china remains highly *** upon the most recent results of taxonomic, genetic, archeological and textual studies focused on the wheat in prehistory, this paper argues that wheat was not domesticated but introduced into china in the late fifth millennium *** the subsequent centuries,this exotic crop was quickly utilized as a staple food in northwest *** contrast, it was not adopted as a staple in the Central Plains until the Han Dynasty(2.2.BCE–2.0 CE), which was mainly as a consequence of the living environment, population and innovations in food processing technology.

关键词： multidisciplinary evidence prehistoric food globalization wheat consumption wheat domestication

chinese deserts and sand fields in Last Glacial Maximum and Holocene Optimum

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chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第23期58卷 2775-2783页

作者： lu HuaYu YI ShuangWen XU ZhiWei ZHOU YaLi ZENG Lin ZHU FangYing FENG Han DONG LiNa ZHUO HaiXin YU KaiFeng MASON Joseph WANG XiaoYong chen YingYong lu Qi WU Bo DONG ZhiBao QU JianJun WANG XunMing GUO ZhengTang School of Geographic and Oceanographic sciences Institute for Climate and Global Change Research Nanjing University College of Tourism and Environment Shaanxi Normal University Department of Geography University of Wisconsin Madison institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry Cold and arid Regions environmental and {2. research institute Chinese Academy of Sciences institute of Geology and Geophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, c. 2.-16 ka) and the Holocene Optimum (HO, c. 9-5 ka) were characterized by cold-dry and warm-wet climates respectively in the recently geological Earth. How chinese deserts and sand fields responded to these distinctive climatic changes is still not clear, however. To reconstruct environments of the deserts and sand fields during the LGM and HO is helpful to understand the forcing mechanisms of environment change in this arid region, and to test paleoclimatic modeling results. Through our long-term field and laboratory investigations, 400 optically stimulated {2.minescence (OSL) ages and more than 100 depositional records in the chinese deserts and sand fields were obtained; on the basis of these data, we reconstruct spatial distributions of the deserts and sand fields during the LGM and HO. Our results show that the sand fields of Mu Us, Hunshandake, Horqin and Hu{2.n Buir in northern and northeastern china had expanded 2.%, 37%, 38% and 2.0%, respectively, during the LGM; the sand fields of Gonghe in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau had expanded 2.%, and the deserts of Badain Jaran, Tengger in central northern china had expanded 39% and 2.% separately during the LGM; the deserts of Taklimakan, Gurbantünggüt and Kumtag in northwestern china had expanded 10%-2.% respectively, compared to their modern areas. On the other hand, all of the sand fields were nearly completely covered by vegetation during the HO; the deserts in northwestern and central northern china were reduced by around 5%-2.% in area during this time. Lakes in this arid region were probably expanded during the HO but this conc{2.sion needs more investigation. Compared with the geological distributions of deserts and sand fields, human activity has clearly changed (expanded) the area of active sand dunes at the present time. Our observations show that environmental conditions of chinese deserts and sand fields are controlled by regional climate together with human a

关键词：沙漠环境中国北部适宜期全新世末次冰期末次盛冰期库姆塔格沙漠干旱地区

Evolution of permafrost in Northeast chinasince the Late Pleistocene

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research in Cold and arid Regions 2016年第4期8卷 269-296页

作者： HuiJun Jin XiaoLi Chang DongLiang luo RuiXia He LanZhi lu SiZhong Yang DongXin Guo XueMei {2. Stuart A.Harris State Key Laboratory of Frozen Soils engineering Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China National-Local Joint engineering Laboratory of Geo-Spatial Information Technology Hunan University of Science and Technology Xiangtan Hunan 411201 China GFZ German research Centre for Geosciences Telegrafenberg D-14473 Potsdam Germany College of Resources and Environment Lanzhou University Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China Department of Geography University of Calgary Calgary Alberta Canada T2N 1N4

In Northeast china, permafrost advanced and retreated several times under the influences of fluctuating paleo-climatesand paleo-environments since the Late Pleistocene. During the last 60 years, many new data were obtained and studies wereconducted on the evolution of permafrost in Northeast china, but so far no systematic summary and review have been *** on sedimentary sequences, remains of past permafrost, paleo-flora and -fauna records, and dating data, permafrostevolution since the Late Pleistocene has been analyzed and reconstructed in this paper. Paleo-temperatures reconstructedfrom the remains of past permafrost and those from paleo-flora and -fauna are compared, and thus the southern limitof permafrost （SLP） in each climate period is inferred by the relationship of the permafrost distribution and the meanannual air/ground temperatures （MAAT/MAGT）. Thus, the evolutionary history of permafrost is here divided into fivestages：（1） the Late Pleistocene （Last Glaciation, or LG）（65 to 10–8.5 ka）, the Last Glaciation Maximum （LGM, 2.–13 ka）in particular, the coldest period in the latest history with a cooling of about 6~10 °C, characterized by extensive occurrencesof glaciation, flourishing Mammathas-Coelodonta Faunal Complex （MCFC）, widespread aeolian deposits, and significantsea level lowering, and permafrost greatly expanded southwards almost to the coastal plains （37°N–41°N）; （2. the HoloceneMegathermal Period （HMP, 8.5–7.0 to 4.0–3.0 ka）, 3~5 °C warmer than today, permafrost retreated to about 52.N; （3） theLate Holocene Cold Period （Neoglaciation）（4.0–3.0 to 1.0–0.5 ka）, a cooling of 1~3 °C, some earlier thawed permafrost wasrefrozen or attached, and the SLP invaded southwards to 46°N; （4） the Little Ice Age （LIA, 500 to 100–150 a）, the latestcold period with significant permafrost expansion; and （5） climate warming since the last century, during which Northeastchina has undergone extensive permafrost degradation. The frequent and substantial expansio

关键词： Last Glaciation (LG) Holocene Megathermal Period (HMP) Neoglaciation Little Ice Age (LIA) Northeastchina permafrost evolution

Effects of Dust Storm Fine Particle-Inhalation on the Respiratory, Cardiovascular, Endocrine, Hematological, and Digestive Systems of Rats

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chinese Medical Journal 2018年第20期131卷 2482-2485页

作者： Xiao-Jun Cao Feng-Feng Lei Hua Liu Wan-Yin luo Xiao-Hui Xiao Yi Li Jun-Feng lu Zhi-Bao Dong Qi-Zhang {2. Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan Ningxia 750000 China Department of Respiratory Gansu Provincial Hospital Lanzhou Gansu 730000 China Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou. Gansu 730000. China

To the Editor： In china and neighboring countries, there is increasing health concern over the dust storm fine particulate matter （PM） originating in the Gansu Corridor and Mongolian regions of china. PM is a mixture of various particles inc{2.ding crustal material, metals, and bioaerosols. Elevated levels of ambient PM were also reported to be associated with increased cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality.A recent World Health Organization report indicated that exposure to fine PM air pol{2.tion and other pol{2.tants caused approximately seven million deaths in 2.12.worldwide, while the Global Burden of Disease Study showed that PM exposure was responsible for 2.9 million deaths and 69.7 million disability-adjusted life-years in 2.13. Finally, studies showed that reduced PM concentrations were associated with reduced mortality risk.

关键词： PULMONARY BLOOD

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改性黑臭河道沉积物对营养盐去除的研究

湖泊科学 2019年第5期31卷 1229-1238页

作者：刘星柳文莉陈星姜霞郭冀峰陆莹黄威长安大学建筑工程学院旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室西安710054 中国环境科学研究院湖泊水污染治理与生态修复技术国家工程实验室北京100012 东华大学环境科学与工程学院上海201620

为研究黑臭河道沉积物资源化利用方式,评估沉积物资源化以后对营养盐去除效果和研究其去除机制,以北京市某黑臭河道沉积物(S)为供试样品,对其进行氧化并负载金属离子改性,最终得到氧化-载钠改性沉积物(MS).选取S和MS两种材料,评估其对... 详细信息

为研究黑臭河道沉积物资源化利用方式,评估沉积物资源化以后对营养盐去除效果和研究其去除机制,以北京市某黑臭河道沉积物(S)为供试样品,对其进行氧化并负载金属离子改性,最终得到氧化-载钠改性沉积物(MS).选取S和MS两种材料,评估其对氮和磷的去除效果,通过采用动力学、热力学等手段,进一步阐明改性材料对氮、磷去除机制.结果表明,在环境温度为35℃,固液比1∶50(g∶ml)的条件下,经氧化-载钠联合改性材料对氮(初始浓度2.mg/L)的去除效果均达到90%以上,其中对磷(初始浓度10mg/L)的去除率最高可达98%;准二级动力学模型能更好的描述改性材料的吸附动力学行为(R2.0.93),且动力学和吸附等温分析结果显示,Langmuir模型可以更好地描述两种材料的吸附等温线,改性材料对氮和磷的最大吸附量分别达到0.891和0.474mg/g;热力学研究结果表明,吸附过程中,标准反应焓变(ΔH^0)、标准反应熵变(ΔS^0)均为正值,标准吉布斯自由能变(ΔG^0)为负值,且随着温度的升高,ΔG^0呈下降趋势.研究显示,MS具有更高的吸附性能,对氮、磷的吸附主要是材料表面活性吸附点位起主导作用,并且吸附过程是个吸热、自发进行的过程,更高的温度更有利于吸附.在同一温度下,随着氮、磷初始浓度的增加,MS对氮、磷的解吸比吸附过程更容易发生.

关键词：黑臭河道改性沉积物营养盐吸附