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Modelling of multi-bodies in close proximity under water waves——Fluid resonance in narrow gaps

Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2011年第1期54卷 16-25页

作者： lu lin1,2,teng bin3,cheng liang 4,sun liang5 & chen xiaobo6 1 center for deepwater engineering,dalian university of technology,dalian 11602.,china 2 State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment,dalian university of technology,dalian 11602.,china 3 State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore engineering,dalian university of technology,dalian 11602.,china 4 School of Civil and Resource engineering,The university of Western Australia,Crawly 6003,Australia 5 Centre for Offshore Research and engineering,Department of Civil engineering,National university of Singapore,117576,Singapore 6 Research Department,Bureau Veritas,Neuilly-Sur-Seine,92570,France center for deepwater engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis for Industrial Equipment Dalian University of Technology Dalian China State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore engineering Dalian University of Technology Dalian China School of Civil and Resource engineering The University of Western Australia Crawly Australia Centre for Offshore Research and engineering Department of Civil Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Research Department Bureau Veritas Neuilly-Sur-Seine France

Viscous fluid model and potential flow model with and without artificial damping force(f=-μV,μ the damping coefficient and V the local averaging flow velocity) are employed in this work to investigate the phenomenon of fluid resonance in narrow gaps between multi-bodies in close proximity under water *** numerical results are compared with experimental data available in the *** comparison demonstrates that both the viscous fluid model and the potential flow model are able to predict the resonant frequency reasonably *** the conventional potential flow model(without artificial damping term) significantly over-predicts the wave height in narrow gaps around the resonant *** order to calibrate the appropriate damping coefficient used for the potential model and make it work as well as the viscous fluid model in predicting the resonant wave height in narrow gaps but with little computational efforts,the dependence of damping coefficient μ on the body geometric dimensions is examined considering the parameters of gap width Bg,body draft D,body breadth ratio Br and body number n(n = 2,3),where Br = BB/BA for the case of two bodies(Body A and Body B) with different breadths of BA and BB,*** was confirmed that the damping coefficient used for the potential flow model is not sensitive to the geometric dimensions and spatial *** was found that μ∈ [0.4,0.5] may guarantee the variation of Hg/H0 with kh to be generally in good agreement with the experimental data and the results of viscous fluid model,where Hg is the excited wave height in narrow gaps under various dimensionless incident wave frequencies kh,H0 is the incident wave height,k = 2π/L is the wave number and h is the water depth.

关键词： narrow gap fluid resonance water wave viscous fluid model potential flow model finite element method boundary element method

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Effects of Fe concentration on microstructure and corrosion of Mg-6Al-1Zn-xFe alloys for fracturing balls applications

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Journal of Materials Science & technology 2019年第9期35卷 2086-2098页

作者： cheng Zhang liang Wu Guangsheng Huang lin chen Dabiao Xia bin Jiang Andrej Atrens Fusheng Pan State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Transmission College of Materials Science and EngineeringChongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China National engineering Research center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Chongqing Research center for Advanced Materials Chongqing Academy of Science & TechnologyChongqing 401123China School of Mechanical and Mining engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbane Qld 4072Australia

Mg-6 Al-1 Zn-xFe（x = 0,1,3,5 and 7 wt%）alloys were prepared by powder metallurgy and followed by hot *** of Fe element exists as insoluble particles in the *** as-extruded alloys showed higher degradable rates but less stable mechanical properties than as-annealed *** rate of all the alloys increased with increasing Fe concentration,reaching 2.4 mL cm-2h-1.0.2% yield strength of all the alloys was higher than 150 *** short,Mg-6 Al-1 Zn-xFe alloys have an attractive combination of corrosion and mechanical properties,which holds a bright future for fracturing balls applications.

关键词： Mg-6Al-1Zn-xFe alloys Fracturing balls Corrosion Mechanical properties

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A gain-of-function mutation of the MATE family transporter DTX6 confers paraquat resistance in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2021年第12期14卷 2126-2133页

作者： Jin-Qiu Xia Tahmina Nazish Ayesha Javaid Mohsin Ali Qian-Qian Liu liang Wang Zheng-Yi Zhang Zi-Sheng Zhang Yi-Jie Huang Jie Wu Zhi-Sen Yang lin-Feng sun Yu-Xing chen cheng-bin Xiang School of Life Sciences Division of Molecular&Cell BiophysicsHefei National Science Center for Physical Sciences at the MicroscaleMOE Key Laboratory for Membraneless Organelles and Cellular DynamicsUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaThe Innovation Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiAnhui Province 230027China

Paraquat is one of the most widely used nonselective herbicides and has elicited the emergence of para-quat-resistant ***,the molecular mechanisms of paraquat resistance are not completely *** we report the Arabidopsis gain-of-function mutant pqt15-D with significantly enhanced resistance to paraquat and the corresponding gene PQT15,which encodes the Multidrug and Toxic Extru-sion(MATE)transporter DTX6.A point mutation at+932 bp in DTX6 causes a G311E amino acid substitution,enhancing the paraquat resistance ofpqt15-D,and overexpression of DTX6/PQT15 in the wild-type plants also results in strong paraquat ***,heterologous expression of DTX6 and DTX6-D in Es-cherichia coil significantly enhances bacterial resistance to ***,overexpression of DTX6-D enables Arabidopsis plants to tolerate 4 mM paraquat,a near-commercial application ***6/PQT15 is localized in the plasma membrane and endomembrane,and functions as a paraquat efflux transporter as demonstrated by paraquat efflux assays with isolated protoplasts and bacterial *** together,our results demonstrate that DTX6/PQT15 is an efflux transporter that confers paraquat resis-tance by exporting paraquat out of the *** findings reveal a molecular mechanism of paraquat resistance in higher plants and provide a promising candidate gene for engineering paraquat-resistant crops.

关键词： paraquat paraquat resistance DTX/MATE transporter subfamily AtDTX6/PQT15

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Tumors of the angle of Treitz: A single-center experience

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第13期20卷 3628-3634页

作者： Yi-bin Xie Hao Liu liang Cui Gu-Sheng Xing lin Yang Yue-Min sun Xiao-Feng Bai Dong-bing Zhao cheng-Feng Wang Yan-Tao Tian Department of Abdominal Surgical Oncology Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Diagnostic Radiology Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Department of Pathology Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences

AIM: To explore the feasibility and oncologic outcomes of segmental jejunal resection on the left side of the mesenteric vessels in patients with tumors of the angle of Treitz using data from a single center.

关键词： Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Adenocarcinoma Angle of Treitz Surgical treatment Prognosis

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盘点气候风险机遇,展望健康繁荣未来

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科学通报 2024年第27期69卷 4005-4011页

作者：张诗卉张弛蔡闻佳白玉琪 Max Callaghan 常楠陈彬陈慧琪程亮亮戴瀚程代鑫范维澄房小怡高仝耿阳关大博胡艺馨华峻翊黄存瑞黄弘黄建斌黄小猛纪思翰蒋俏蕾姜晓朋 Gregor Kiesewetter 李湉湉梁璐林波荣林华亮刘欢刘起勇刘小波刘钊刘竹刘昱甫陆波鲁晨曦罗震宇马伟米志付任超 Marina Romanello 沈鉴翔苏婧孙语泽孙昕璐汤绪 Maria Walawender 王灿王情汪蕊 Laura Warnecke 魏汪宇文三妹谢杨熊辉徐冰颜钰杨秀姚芳虹俞乐袁嘉灿曾仪娉张镜张璐张锐张尚辰张少辉赵梦真郑大山周浩周景博周子乔罗勇宫鹏清华大学地球系统科学系北京100084 北京理工大学管理学院北京100081 Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate Change Mercator Research Institute on Global Commons and Climate ChangeBerlin 10829Germany 南京医科大学公共卫生学院南京211166 北京师范大学环境学院北京100875 中山大学公共卫生学院广州510080 北京大学环境科学与工程学院北京100871 清华大学公共安全研究所北京100084 清华大学工程物理系北京100084 中国气象科学研究院气象影响与风险研究中心北京100086 山东师范大学商学院济南250013 清华大学建筑学院北京100084 南方科技大学统计与数据科学系深圳518055 中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院青岛266003 清华大学万科公共卫生学院北京100084 清华大学新闻与传播学院北京100084 世界卫生组织驻华代表处北京100600 Pollution Management Research Group EnergyClimateand Environment ProgramInternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis(IIASA)Laxenburg 1-A-2361Austria 中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所环境健康风险评估室北京102206 Department of Landscape Architecture&Environmental Planning University of CaliforniaBerkeley CA 94607USA 清华大学环境学院北京100084 中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所传染病预防控制国家重点实验室北京102206 北京经济管理职业学院临空经济管理学院北京100102 中国气象局国家气候中心北京100081 Geography College of Life and Environmental SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeter EX12LUUK 山东大学齐鲁医学院公共卫生学院流行病学系济南250002 The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction University College LondonLondon WC1H 0ALUK 香港大学建筑学院中国香港999077 Institute for Global Health University College LondonLondon WC1H 0ALUK 清华大学人文学院北京100084 复旦大学大气与海洋系/大气科学研究院上海200438 复旦大学极端天气/气候事件与人体健康风险互联和治理国际卓越中心上海200438 北京航空航天大学经济与管理学院北京100083 香港科技大学计算机科学与工程系广州511453 清华大学气候变化与可持续发展研究院北京100084 北京大学体育教研部北京100871 清华大学苏世民学院北京100084 清华大学城市治理与可持续发展研究院北京100084 百度研究院北京100091 香港大学地球科学系和地理系中国香港999077

气候变化带来的健康风险与日俱增,煤炭消费及相关碳排放量的反弹,再度敲响了中国气候变化警钟.2022年,中国面临了严峻的气候挑战.极端天气事件发生的频率和强度不断上升,许多地区气温纪录屡创新高,全国平均气温攀升至历史第二高位,同时... 详细信息

气候变化带来的健康风险与日俱增,煤炭消费及相关碳排放量的反弹,再度敲响了中国气候变化警钟.2022年,中国面临了严峻的气候挑战.极端天气事件发生的频率和强度不断上升,许多地区气温纪录屡创新高,全国平均气温攀升至历史第二高位,同时降水量自2012年以来创新低,南方地区遭遇夏秋连旱,而湖南和东北地区则出现了极端降雨和洪涝灾害.采取及时、充分的措施不仅能减轻气候变化对健康的影响,还将保护基础设施不被极端天气破坏.

关键词：煤炭消费极端天气事件基础设施气候变化极端降雨碳排放量气候风险盘点

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Timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846–031 with Insight-HXMT monitoring

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Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics 2021年第3期21卷 193-204页

作者： He-Xin Liu Yue Huang Guang-cheng Xiao Qing-Cui Bu Jin-lu Qu Shu Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Shu-Mei Jia Fang-Jun lu Xiang Ma Lian Tao Wei Zhang Li chen Li-Ming Song Ti-Pei Li Yu-Peng Xu Xue-Lei Cao Yong chen Cong-Zhan Liu Ce Cai Zhi Chang Gang chen Tian-Xiang chen Yi-Bao chen Yu-Peng chen Wei Cui Wei-Wei Cui Jing-Kang Deng Yong-Wei Dong Yuan-Yuan Du Min-Xue Fu Guan-Hua Gao He Gao Min Gao Ming-Yu Ge Yu-Dong Gu Ju Guan cheng-cheng Guo Da-Wei Han Jia Huo lu-Hua Jiang Wei-Chun Jiang Jing Jin Yong-Jie Jin ling-Da Kong bing Li cheng-Kui Li Gang Li Mao-Shun Li Wei Li Xian Li Xiao-Bo Li Xu-Fang Li Yang-Guo Li Zheng-Wei Li Xiao-Hua liang Jing-Yuan Liao Bai-Sheng Liu Guo-Qing Liu Hong-Wei Liu Xiao-Jing Liu Yi-Nong Liu Bo lu Xue-Feng lu Qi luo Tao luo bin Meng Yi Nang Jian-Yin Nie Ge Ou Na Sai Ren-cheng Shang Xin-Ying Song liang sun Ying Tan You-Li Tuo chen Wang Guo-Feng Wang Juan Wang ling-Jun Wang Weng-Shuai Wang Yu-Sa Wang Xiang-Yang Wen Bai-Yang Wu Bo-bing Wu Mei Wu Shuo Xiao Shao-lin Xiong He Xu Jia-Wei Yang Sheng Yang Yan-Ji Yang Yi-Jung Yang Qi-bin Yi Qian-Qing Yin Yuan You Ai-Mei Zhang cheng-Mo Zhang Fan Zhang Hong-Mei Zhang Juan Zhang Tong Zhang Wan-Chang Zhang Wen-Zhao Zhang Yi Zhang Yi-Fei Zhang Yong-Jie Zhang Yuan-Hang Zhang Yue Zhang Zhao Zhang Zhi Zhang Zi-liang Zhang Hai-Sheng Zhao Xiao-Fan Zhao Shi-Jie Zheng Yao-Guang Zheng Deng-Ke Zhou Jian-Feng Zhou Yu-Xuan Zhu Ren-lin Zhuang Yue Zhu Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China university of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institut fur Astronomie und Astrophysik Kepler Center for Astro and Particle PhysicsEberhard Karls Universität72076 TubingenGermany Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100088China Department of Astronomy Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of engineering Physics Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Space Astronomy and technology National Astronomical ObservatoriesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Physics Sciences&technology Hebei UniversityBaoding 071002Hebei ProvinceChina

We present the observational results from a detailed timing analysis of the black hole candidate EXO 1846-031 during its outburst in 2019 with the observations of Insight-HXMT,NICER and *** outburst can be classified roughly into four different ***-C quasi-periodic oscillations(QPOs)observed by NICER(about 0.1-6 Hz)and Insight-HXMT(about 0.7-8 Hz)are also reported in this ***,we study various physical quantities related to QPO *** QPO rms-frequency relationship in the energy band 1-10 keV indicates that there is a turning pointing in frequency around2 Hz,which is similar to that of GRS 1915+105.A possible hypothesis for the relationship above may be related to the inclination of the source,which may require a high inclination to explain *** relationships between QPO frequency and QPO rms,hardness,total fractional rms and count rate have also been found in other transient sources,which can indicate that the origin of type-C QPOs is non-thermal.

关键词： X-ray binaries black hole candidate QPO EXO 1846–031

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Pig-monkey islet xenotransplantation-through the mesenteric vein of intestine transplanted CTLA-4Ig transgenic neonatal porcine islets into the liver of diabetic rhesus monkey

Pig-monkey islet xenotransplantation-through the mesenteric ...

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中华医学会糖尿病学分会第十六次全国学术会议

作者： HE Si-rong YE bin ZHANG Yi liang Qi ZENG Li JIN Xi chen You-nan TIAN Bo-le MAI Gang WEI lin-lin WANG Li LI Hong-xia cheng Jing-qiu lu Yan-rong WANG Wei Laboratory of Transplant engineering and Immunology Regenerative Medicine Research CenterWest China HospitalSichaun University

Objective To explore an effective and feasible strategy for pig-monkey islet xenotransplantation. Methods Ten male rhesus monkeys(6-10 kg,5-8 years) were induced to diabetes through pancreatectomy and/or STZ ***,isolated from neonatal porcine,were transferred human CTLA-41g by recombinant *** islets were infused into the intestine mesenteric vein of diabetic *** immunosuppressant

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Towards 6G wireless communication networks:vision, enabling technologies, and new paradigm shifts

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Science china(Information Sciences) 2021年第1期64卷 5-78页

作者： Xiaohu YOU cheng-Xiang WANG Jie HUANG Xiqi GAO Zaichen ZHANG Mao WANG Yongming HUANG Chuan ZHANG Yanxiang JIANG Jiaheng WANG Min ZHU bin SHENG Dongming WANG Zhiwen PAN Pengcheng ZHU Yang YANG Zening LIU Ping ZHANG Xiaofeng TAO Shaoqian LI Zhi chen Xinying MA Chih-lin I Shuangfeng HAN Ke LI chengkang PAN Zhimin ZHENG Lajos HANZO Xuemin (Sherman) SHEN Yingjie Jay GUO Zhiguo DING Harald HAAS Wen TONG Peiying ZHU Ganghua YANG Jun WANG Erik G.LARSSON Hien Quoc NGO Wei HONG Haiming WANG Debin HOU Jixin chen Zhe chen Zhangcheng HAO Geoffrey Ye LI Rahim TAFAZOLLI Yue GAO H.Vincent POOR Gerhard P.FETTWEIS Ying-Chang liang National Mobile Communications Research Laboratory School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University Purple Mountain Laboratories Shanghai Institute of Fog Computing technology (SHIFT) ShanghaiTech University Research center for Network Communication Peng Cheng Laboratory State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching technology Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National engineering Laboratory for Mobile Network Technologies Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications National Key Laboratory of Science and technology on Communications University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC) china Mobile Research Institute School of Electronics and Computer Science University of Southampton Department of Electrical and Computer engineering University of Waterloo Global Big Data Technologies Centre (GBDTC) University of Technology Sydney School of Electrical and Electronic engineering The University of Manchester LiFi Research and Development Centre Institute for Digital CommunicationsSchool of EngineeringThe University of Edinburgh Huawei Technologies Canada Co. Ltd. Huawei Technologies Department of Electrical engineering (ISY) Link?ping University Institute of Electronics Communications & Information Technology (ECIT)Queen's University Belfast State Key Laboratory of Millimeter Waves School of Information Science and EngineeringSoutheast University School of Electrical and Computer engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 5G Innovation Centre University of Surrey Princeton university Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems Technische Universit?t Dresden center for Intelligent Networking and Communications (CINC) University of Electronic Science and Technology of China (UESTC)

The fifth generation(5G) wireless communication networks are being deployed worldwide from 2020 and more capabilities are in the process of being standardized, such as mass connectivity, ultra-reliability,and guaranteed low latency. However, 5G will not meet all requirements of the future in 2030 and beyond, and sixth generation(6G) wireless communication networks are expected to provide global coverage, enhanced spectral/energy/cost efficiency, better intelligence level and security, etc. To meet these requirements, 6G networks will rely on new enabling technologies, i.e., air interface and transmission technologies and novel network architecture, such as waveform design, multiple access, channel coding schemes, multi-antenna technologies, network slicing, cell-free architecture, and cloud/fog/edge computing. Our vision on 6G is that it will have four new paradigm shifts. First, to satisfy the requirement of global coverage, 6G will not be limited to terrestrial communication networks, which will need to be complemented with non-terrestrial networks such as satellite and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) communication networks, thus achieving a space-airground-sea integrated communication network. Second, all spectra will be fully explored to further increase data rates and connection density, including the sub-6GHz, millimeter wave(mmWave), terahertz(THz),and optical frequency bands. Third, facing the big datasets generated by the use of extremely heterogeneous networks, diverse communication scenarios, large numbers of antennas, wide bandwidths, and new service requirements, 6G networks will enable a new range of smart applications with the aid of artificial intelligence(AI) and big data technologies. Fourth, network security will have to be strengthened when developing 6G networks. This article provides a comprehensive survey of recent advances and future trends in these four aspects. Clearly, 6G with additional technical requirements beyond those of 5G will enable f

关键词： 6G vision network architecture air interface and transmission technologies space-air-ground-sea integrated network all spectra artificial intelligence network security.

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加筋包裹碎石桩受力特性及参数影响分析

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广西大学学报（自然科学版） 2022年第3期47卷 577-587页

作者：黄世斌梁乘玮王家全林志南广西科技大学土木建筑工程学院广西柳州545006 柳州市建筑设计科学研究院有限公司广西柳州545001 广西壮族自治区岩土灾变与生态治理工程研究中心广西柳州545006

为了研究加筋包裹碎石桩的承载性能及影响因素,运用有限元方法对加筋包裹碎石桩(GESC)和传统碎石桩(OSC)室内试验进行数值仿真分析,采用Python语言编制反演程序确定材料参数;进一步分析GESC和OSC的承载性能及破坏模式,并探讨桩周土的弹... 详细信息

为了研究加筋包裹碎石桩的承载性能及影响因素,运用有限元方法对加筋包裹碎石桩(GESC)和传统碎石桩(OSC)室内试验进行数值仿真分析,采用Python语言编制反演程序确定材料参数;进一步分析GESC和OSC的承载性能及破坏模式,并探讨桩周土的弹性模量、内摩擦角、粘聚力和桩体碎石的弹性模量、内摩擦角以及筋材的弹性模量等参数对GESC承载特性的影响。研究结果表明:桩周土的内摩擦角和黏聚力会影响加筋包裹碎石桩的承载力,但是对桩体刚度影响不大,桩体刚度主要受桩周土弹性模量的影响。增加碎石的内摩擦角及与筋材的弹性模量,加筋包裹碎石桩的承载力和桩土应力比都有所提高,筋材弹性模量提高62.5%,GESC在50 mm沉降时承载力会增加11.51%。

关键词：加筋包裹碎石桩筋材敏感性分析承载力有限元法

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北京市0～6岁儿童五类残疾现状和影响因素调查

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中华流行病学杂志 2005年第8期26卷 569-573页

作者：王晓华曲成毅施继良刘钢张致祥杨小玲孙喜斌孙琳郑远远刘熙朴邵翠霞滕红红王燕首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院北京妇幼保健院保健部北京100006 山西医科大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室北京市残疾人联合会康复部北京市卫生局妇幼处北京大学医学部第一附属医院儿科北京大学第六附属医院儿科中国聋儿康复研究中心北京儿童医院骨科北京眼科研究所北京圣康华眼科医院北京市残疾人康复服务指导中心社区指导部北京大学医学部公共卫生学院儿少与妇幼卫生系

目的研究北京市0～6岁儿童5类残疾(听力、视力、肢体、智力、精神)的流行现状和影响因素。方法对居住在北京市半年以上、具有北京市户口的0～6岁儿童进行容量比例概率分层整群抽样调查,调查程序为二阶段筛查,共调查28738名儿童;评定标... 详细信息

目的研究北京市0～6岁儿童5类残疾(听力、视力、肢体、智力、精神)的流行现状和影响因素。方法对居住在北京市半年以上、具有北京市户口的0～6岁儿童进行容量比例概率分层整群抽样调查,调查程序为二阶段筛查,共调查28738名儿童;评定标准为调查专家组编写的“0～6岁儿童残疾评定标准”。结果总残疾现患率为11.45‰,听力和精神专业假阴性率分别为0.14‰和0.80‰,以此校正后的总残疾现患率为12.19‰,其中各类残疾现患率由高到低顺序依次为:智力9.31‰、肢体2.12‰、精神1.53‰(校正前0.73‰)、听力1.04‰(校正前0.91‰)、视力0.73‰。多因素分析结果显示,男童、居住在城市、年龄大、母亲文化程度低、母亲从事非脑力劳动、家庭人均月收人低是儿童残疾的危险因素,可疑致残因素仍以产前为主。结论北京市0～6岁儿童残疾总现患率较1987年全国抽样调查下降了16.36%,其中听力下降最为明显;北京市有必要建立儿童残疾的监测系统,亟需为儿童残疾重新定义、建立标准。

关键词：北京 0~6岁儿童残疾生长发育听力残疾视力残疾肢体残疾智力残疾精神残疾

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