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海洋型冰川表碛与退缩区土壤微生物群落特征——以阿扎冰川和米堆冰川为例

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中国环境科学 2024年第9期44卷 5108-5121页

作者：叶鑫彤胡扬刘巧鲁旭阳刘琛中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所四川成都610041 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院北京100049

以藏东南阿扎冰川和米堆冰川为研究区,采用细菌16S rRNA基因扩增子测序和真菌ITS测序技术,研究了冰川表碛与退缩区不同植被演替阶段土壤中微生物群落特征及土壤化学性质影响.结果表明,两条冰川表碛与退缩区土壤中共发现细菌门38个,其中P... 详细信息

以藏东南阿扎冰川和米堆冰川为研究区,采用细菌16S rRNA基因扩增子测序和真菌ITS测序技术,研究了冰川表碛与退缩区不同植被演替阶段土壤中微生物群落特征及土壤化学性质影响.结果表明,两条冰川表碛与退缩区土壤中共发现细菌门38个,其中Proteobacteria(40%)、Actinobacteriota(23%)、Bacteroidota(14%)为优势群,共发现真菌门7个,Basidiomycota(47%)和Ascomycota(45%)为优势群.阿扎和米堆冰川表碛中Patescibacteria、RCP2-54、Bacteroidota、Gemmatimonadota和Acidobacteriota的菌群丰度存在显著差异,米堆冰川表碛和退缩区土壤中微生物群落结构和丰度存在显著差异(P<0.05),而退缩区三个演替阶段之间的群落结构差异不显著.适应极端环境的微生物群落在表碛中丰度最高,而随着演替进程参与植物定殖或与植物共生的微生物群落丰度与多样性显著增加,微生物群落的α多样性上升,NMDS模型也逐渐接近重叠,群落结构在植被演替后期逐渐趋于稳定,.除全钾外,养分含量在两条冰川表碛中均较低,随着植被演替土壤pH值逐渐降低而养分逐渐增加,演替后期显著高于前两阶段.表碛中的微生物群落与pH值和全钾显著正相关(P<0.05),而退缩区土壤中则与速效钾、硝酸盐氮、全磷、可溶性有机碳显著正相关(P<0.05),并以磷限制为主.

关键词：海洋型冰川表碛退缩区细菌真菌土壤化学性质

Three-dimensional structural features and the toxicity of aminobenzenes and phenols

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Science China Chemistry 2003年第5期46卷 431-438页

作者： xu lu(许禄) yang Jiaan(杨嘉安) Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130022 China

For a QSAR of the toxicity of aminobenzenes in environment and their structures, the projection areas of the molecules in 3D space were calculated. The combinations of the projection areas and quantum chemical as well as topological parameters were performed for the methods of regression analysis and neural network, and much better results than that by using CoMFA were achieved.

关键词： aminobenzene, regression analysis, neural network, 3D projection area, QSAR.

High-efficiency prediction method for helicopter global/ground noise based on near-field acoustic holography

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第7期37卷 271-284页

作者： Mengxue SHAO yang lu Xice xu Jiaxin lu National Key Laboratory of Helicopter Aeromechanics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and AstronauticsNanjing 210016China

Noise reduction program design is an effective approach that relies on efficient noise prediction for reducing ground noise during *** existing noise prediction methods have the limitations of being computationally expensive or only applicable to *** this paper,a High-Efficiency Prediction Method(HEPM)for helicopter global/ground noise based on near-field acoustic holography is *** HEPM can predict the global noise based on acoustic modal analysis and has the advantages of high prediction accuracy and low time *** process is given as follows:firstly,the rotor noise on the holographic surface in the specified flight is obtained by simulations or ***,the global noise model,which maps time-domain noise to acoustic modes,is established based on near-field acoustic holography and Fourier acoustic analysis ***,combined with acoustic modal amplitude,the model established enables efficiently predicting the global/ground noise in the corresponding flight *** verify the accuracy of the prediction method,a simulation study is conducted in hovering and forward flight states using a model helicopter with a 2-meter rotor and Rotor Body Interaction(ROBIN)*** comparison of HEPM with numerical results shows that the average prediction errors of the global and ground noise are less than 0.3 dB and 0.2 dB,*** a region containing 100000 observers,the computation time of the HEPM is only one-fifth of that of the acoustic hemisphere method,demonstrating the rapidity of the proposed method.

关键词： Helicopter Rotor noise prediction Noise abatement procedure design Acoustic modal analysis Near-field acoustic holography

Rebirth after death: forest succession dynamics in response to climate change on Gongga Mountain, Southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2018年第8期15卷 1671-1681页

作者： CHENG Gen-wei lu xu-yang WANG Xiao-dan SUN Jian Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Global climate change is having long-term impacts on the geographic distribution of forest species. However, the response of vertical belts of mountain forests to climate change is still little known. The vertical distribution of forest vegetation(vertical vegetation belt) on Gongga Mountain in Southwest China has been monitored for 30 years. The forest alternation of the vertical vegetation belt under different climate conditions was simulated by using a mathematical model GFSM(the Gongga Forest Succession Model). Three possible Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(IPCC) climate scenarios(increase of air temperature and precipitation by 1.8℃/5%, 2.8℃/10% and 3.4℃/15% for B_1, A_1B and A_2 scenarios, respectively) were chosen to reflect lower, medium and higher changes of global climate. The vertical belts of mountainous vegetation will shift upward by approximately 300 m, 500 m and 600 m in the B_1, A_1B and A_2 scenarios, respectively, according to the simulated results. Thus, the alpine tree-line will move to a higher altitude. The simulation also demonstrated that, in a changing climate, the shift in the vegetation community will be a slow and extended process characterized by two main phases. During the initial phase, trees of the forest community degrade or die, owing to an inability to adapt to a warmer climate. This results in modest environment for the introduction of opportunistic species, consequently, the vegetation with new dominant tree species becomes predominant in the space vacated by the dead trees at the expense of previously dominated original trees as the succession succeed and climate change advance. Hence, the global climate change would dramatically change forest communities and tree species in mountainous regions because that the new forest community can grow only through the death of the original tree. Results indicated that climate change will cause the change of distribution and composition of forest communities on Gongga Mountain, a

关键词： Climate change Forest Succession Model Forest vegetation Vertical vegetation belt Forest succession Gongga Mountain

Application of a microscopic optical potential of chiral effective field theory in (p, d) transfer reactions

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Nuclear Science and Techniques 2024年第1期35卷 134-144页

作者： Yi-Ping xu Si-lu Chen Dan-yang Pang School of Nuclear Science and Engineering North China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China School of Physics Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

The microscopic global nucleon–nucleus optical model potential(OMP)proposed by Whitehead,Lim,and Holt,the WLH potential(Whitehead et al.,Phys Rev Lett 127:182502,2021),which was constructed in the framework of many-body per-turbation theory with state-of-the-art nuclear interactions from chiral effective field theory(EFT),was tested with(p,d)transfer reactions calculated using adiabatic wave *** target nuclei included both stable and unstable nuclei,and the incident energies reached 200 *** results were compared with experimental data and predictions using the phenomenological global optical potential of Koning and Delaroche,the KD02 ***,we found that the micro-scopic WLH potential described the(p,d)reaction angular distributions similarly to the phenomenological KD02 potential;however,the former was slightly better than the latter for radioactive *** average,the obtained spectroscopic factors(SFs)using both microscopic and phenomenological potentials were similar when the incident energies were below approxi-mately 120 ***,their difference tended to increase at higher incident energies,which was particularly apparent for the doubly magic target nucleus 40Ca.

关键词： Microscopic optical model potential (p,d)transfer Spectroscopic factors

Soil Organic Carbon and Nutrients along an Alpine Grassland Transect across Northern Tibet

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Journal of Mountain Science 2013年第4期10卷 564-573页

作者： CAO Ying-zi WANG Xiao-dan lu xu-yang YAN Yan FAN Ji-hui Institute of Mountain Hazards&Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Soil carbon and nutrient contents and their importance in advancing our understanding of biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystem, has motivated ecologists to find their spatial patterns in various geographical area. Few studies have focused on changes in the physical and chemical properties of soils at high altitudes. Our aim was to identify the spatial distribution of soil physical and chemical properties in cold and arid climatic region. We also tried to explore relationship between soil organic carbon （SOC） and total nitrogen （TN）, total phosphorus （TP）, available nitrogen （AN）, available phosphorus （AP）, soil particle size distribution （PSD）. Samples were collected at 44 sites along a 300 km transect across the alpine grassland of northern Tibet. The study results showed that grassland type was the main factor influencing SOC, TN and TP distribution along the Gangdise Mountain-Shenzha-Shuanghu Transect. SOC, TN and TP contents were significantly higher in alpine meadow than alpine steppe ecosystems. SOC, TN, TP and AN contents in two soil layers （0-15 cm and 15-3o cm） showed no significant differences, while AP content in top soft （0-15 cm） was significantly higher than that in sub-top soil （15-30cm）. SOC content was correlated positively with TN and TP content （r = 0.901and 0.510, respectively）. No correlations were detected for clay content and fractal dimension of particle size distribution （D）. Our study results indicated the effects of vegetation on soil C, N and P seem to be more important than that of rocks itself along latitude gradient on the northern Tibetan Plateau. However, we did not found similar impacts of vegetation on soil properties in depth. Inaddition, this study also provided an interesting contribution to the global data pool on soil carbon stocks.

关键词： Soil organic carbon Total nitrogen Total phosphorus Particle size distribution Alpinegrassland Tibet

Impacts of warming on root biomass allocation in alpine steppe on the north Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Mountain Science 2017年第8期14卷 1615-1623页

作者： MA Xing-xing YAN Yan HONG Jiang-tao lu xu-yang WANG Xiao-dan Key Laboratory of Mountain Surface Processes and Ecological Regulation Institute of Mountain Hazards and EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Biomass is an important component of global carbon cycling and is vulnerable to climate change. Previous studies have mainly focused on the responses of aboveground biomass and phenology to warming, while studies of root architecture and of root biomass allocation between coarse and fine roots have been scarcely reported in grassland ecosystems. We conducted an open-top-chamber warming experiment to investigate the effect of potential warming on root biomass and root allocation in alpine steppe on the north Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that Stipa purpurea had significantly higher total root length, root surface area and tips than Carex moocroftii. However,there were no differences in total root volume, mean diameter and forks for the two species. Warming significantly increased total root biomass(27.60%), root biomass at 0–10 cm depth(27.84%) and coarse root biomass(diameter > 0.20 mm, 57.68%) in the growing season(August). However, warming had no significant influence on root biomass in the non-growing season(April). Root biomass showed clear seasonalvariations: total root biomass, root biomass at 0–10 cm depth and coarse root biomass significantly increased in the growing season. The increase in total root biomass was due to the enhancement of root biomass at 0–10 cm depth, to which the increase of coarse root biomass made a great contribution. This research is of significance for understanding biomass allocation, carbon cycling and biological adaptability in alpine grassland ecosystems under future climate change.

关键词： Coarse root Fine root Root architecture Warming Climate change Open-top chambers

Upconversion-based chiral nanoprobe for highly selective dual-mode sensing and bioimaging of hydrogen sulfide in vitro and in vivo

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Light(Science & Applications) 2024年第9期13卷 1878-1887页

作者： yang lu xu Zhao Dongmei Yan Yingqian Mi Peng Sun xu Yan Xiaomin Liu Geyu lu State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics College of Electronic Science and EngineeringJilin University130012 ChangchunChina Department of Immunology College of Basic Medical SciencesJilin University130021 ChangchunChina

Chiral assemblies have become one of the most active research areas due to their versatility,playing an increasingly important role in bio-detection,imaging and *** this work,chiral UCNPs/CuxOS@ZIF nanoprobes are prepared by encapsulating upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)and CuxOS nanoparticles(NPs)into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8(ZIF-8).The novel excited-state energy distribution-modulated upconversion nanostructure(NaYbF4@-NaYF4:Yb,Er)is selected as the fluorescence source and energy donor for highly efficient fluorescence resonance energy transfer(FRET).CuxOS NP is employed as chiral source and energy acceptor to quench upconversion luminescence(UCL)and provide circular dichroism(CD)*** the natural adsorption and sorting advantages of ZIF-8,the designed nanoprobe can isolate the influence of other common disruptors,thus achieve ultra-sensitive and highly selective UCL/CD dual-mode quantification of H2S in aqueous solution and in living ***,the nanoprobe is also capable of in vivo intra-tumoral H2S *** work highlights the multifunctional properties of chiral nanocomposites in sensing and opens a new vision and idea for the preparation and application of chiral nanomaterials in biomedical and biological analysis.

关键词： chiral sulfide donor

Effects of arsenic on seed germination and physiological activities of wheat seedlings

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第6期19卷 725-732页

作者： LI Chun-xi FENG Shu-li SHAO Yun JIANG Li-na lu xu-yang HOU Xiao-li College of Life Sciences Henan Normal University Xinxiang 453007 China

The effects of arsenic （As） were investigated on seed germination, root and shoot length and their biomass and some other factors to elucidate the toxicity of As. The results showed low concentrations of As （0-1 mg/kg） stimulated seed germination and the growth of root and shoot, however, these factors all decreased gradually at high concentrations of As （5-20 mg/kg）. The contents of O2^-, MDA, soluble protein and peroxidase （POD） activity all increased with increasing As concentrations. Soluble sugar content, ascorbate peroxidase （APX）, and superoxide dismutase （SOD） activities decreased at low concentrations of As, and increased at high concentrations of As. While acetylsalicylic acid （ASA） and chlorophyll contents, catalase （CAT） activity displayed increasing trend when the concentrations of As was lower than 1 mg/kg, and then decreasing trend. By polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis （PAGE）, As induced the expression of POD isozymes of wheat seedlings. As induced the expression of CAT isozymes but inhibited the expression of SOD isozymes of wheat seedlings at concentrations lower than 1 mg/kg. However, As inhibited the expression of CAT isozymes but induced the expression of SOD isozymes at concentrations higher than 5 mg/kg. The results indicated As could exert harmfulness in the early development stage of wheat at inappropriate concentrations.

关键词： arsenic wheat germination physiological activities