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Quality of life in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第48期24卷 5446-5453页

作者： lorenzo Ridola Silvia Nardelli Stefania Gioia Oliviero Riggio Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies Sapienza University of Rome Department of Clinical Medicine Sapienza University of Rome

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy(MHE) represents the mildest type of hepatic encephalopathy(HE). This condition alters the performance of psychometric tests by impairing attention, working memory, psychomotor speed, and visuospatial ability, as well as electrophysiological and other functional brain measures. MHE is a frequent complication of liver disease, affecting up to 80% of tested patients, depending of the diagnostic tools used for the diagnosis. MHE is related to falls, to an impairment in fitness to drive and the development of overt HE, MHE severely affects the lives of patients and caregivers by altering their quality of life(QoL) and their socioeconomic status. MHE is detected in clinically asymptomatic patients through appropriate psychometric tests and neurophysiological methods which highlight neuropsychological alterations such as video-spatial orientation deficits, attention disorders, memory, reaction times, electroencephalogram slowing, prolongation of latency evoked cognitive potentials and reduction in the critical flicker frequency. Several treatments have been proposed for MHE treatment such as non-absorbable disaccharides, poorly absorbable antibiotics such rifaximin, probiotics and branched chain amino acids. However, because of the multiple diagnosis methods, the various endpoints of treatment trials and the variety of agents used in trials, to date the treatment of MHE is not routinely recommended apart from on a case-by-case basis. Aim of this review is analyze the burden of MHE on QoL of patients and provide a brief summary of therapeutic approaches.

关键词： Cirrhosis Minimal hepatic encephalopathy Covert hepatic encephalopathy Health related quality of life

Thermodynamics and dielectric response of BaTiO_(3)by data-driven modeling

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npj Computational Materials 2022年第1期8卷 1998-2014页

作者： lorenzo Gigli Max Veit Michele Kotiuga Giovanni Pizzi Nicola Marzari Michele Ceriotti Laboratory of Computational Science and Modeling(COSMO) Institute of MaterialsÉcole Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland Theory and Simulation of Materials(THEOS)and National Centre for Computational Design and Discovery of Novel Materials(MARVEL) École Polytechnique Fédérale de LausanneCH-1015LausanneSwitzerland

Modeling ferroelectric materials from first principles is one of the successes of density-functional theory and the driver of much development effort,requiring an accurate description of the electronic processes and the thermodynamic equilibrium that drive the spontaneous symmetry breaking and the emergence of macroscopic *** demonstrate the development and application of an integrated machine learning model that describes on the same footing structural,energetic,and functional properties of barium titanate(BaTiO_(3)),a prototypical *** model uses ab initio calculations as a reference and achieves accurate yet inexpensive predictions of energy and polarization on time and length scales that are not accessible to direct ab initio *** predictions allow us to assess the microscopic mechanism of the ferroelectric *** presence of an order-disorder transition for the Ti off-centered states is the main driver of the ferroelectric transition,even though the coupling between symmetry breaking and cell distortions determines the presence of intermediate,partly-ordered ***,we thoroughly probe the static and dynamical behavior of BaTiO_(3)across its phase diagram without the need to introduce a coarse-grained description of the ferroelectric ***,we apply the polarization model to calculate the dielectric response properties of the material in a full ab initio manner,again reproducing the correct qualitative experimental behavior.

关键词： transition ferroelectric dielectric

Management of psoriasis patients with hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第28期22卷 6444-6455页

作者： Claudio Bonifati Viviana Lora Dario Graceffa lorenzo Nosotti Center for the Study and Treatment of Psoriasis San Gallicano Dermatologic Institute IRCCS Gastrointestinal and Liver Department National Institute for Health Migration and Poverty

The systemic therapies available for the management of Psoriasis (PsO) patients who cannot be treated with more conservative options, such as topical agents and/or phototherapy, with the exception of acitretin, can worsen or reactivate a chronic infection. Therefore, before administering immunosuppressive therapies with either conventional disease-modifying drugs (cDMARDs) or biological ones (bDMARDs) it is mandatory to screen patients for some infections, including hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). In particular, the patients eligible to receive an immunosuppressive drug must be screened for the following markers: antibody to hepatitis B core, antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBsAg), HBsAg, and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV). In case HBV or HCV infection is diagnosed, a close collaboration with a consultant hepatologist is needed before and during an immunosuppressive therapy. Concerning therapy with immunosuppressive drugs in PsO patients with HBV or HCV infection, data exist mainly for cyclosporine a (CyA) or bDMARDs (etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, ustekinumab). The natural history of HBV and HCV infection differs significantly as well as the effect of immunosuppression on the aforementioned infectious diseases. As a rule, in the case of active HBV infection, systemic immunosuppressive antipsoriatic therapies must be deferred until the infection is controlled with an adequate antiviral treatment. Inactive carriers need to receive antiviral prophylaxis 2-4 wk before starting immunosuppressive therapy, to be continued after 6-12 mo from its suspension. Due to the risk of HBV reactivation, these patients should be monitored monthly for the first 3 mo and then every 3 mo for HBV DNA load together with transaminases levels. Concerning the patients who are occult HBV carriers, the risk of HBV reactivation is very low. Therefore, these patients generally do not need antiviral prophylaxis and the sera HBsAg and transaminases dosing can be

关键词： Psoriasis Therapy Conventional disease-modifying drugs Biological disease-modifying drugs Hepatitis B virus infection Hepatitis C virus infection

Unveiling the geometric meaning of quantum entanglement:Discrete and continuous variable systems

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Frontiers of physics 2024年第5期19卷 193-206页

作者： Arthur Vesperini Ghofrane Bel-Hadj-Aissa lorenzo Capra Roberto Franzosi DSFTA University of SienaVia Roma 5653100 SienaItaly QSTAR&CNR-Istituto Nazionale di Ottica Largo Enrico Fermi 2I-50125 FirenzeItaly INFN Sezione di Perugia I-06123 PerugiaItaly

We show that the manifold of quantum states is endowed with a rich and nontrivial geometric *** derive the Fubini−Study metric of the projective Hilbert space of a multi-qubit quantum system,endowing it with a Riemannian metric structure,and investigate its deep link with the entanglement of the states of this *** a measure,we adopt the entanglement distance E preliminary proposed in ***.A 101,042129(2020).Our analysis shows that entanglement has a geometric interpretation:E(|ψ>)is the minimum value of the sum of the squared distances between|ψ>and its conjugate states,namely the statesυ^(μ).σ^(μ)|ψ>,whereυ^(μ)are unit vectors andμruns on the number of *** the proposed geometric approach,we derive a general method to determine when two states are not the same state up to the action of local unitary ***,we prove that the entanglement distance,along with its convex roof expansion to mixed states,fulfils the three conditions required for an entanglement measure,that is:i)E(|ψ>)=0 iff|ψ>is fully separable;ii)E is invariant under local unitary transformations;iii)E does not increase under local operation and classical *** different proofs are provided for this latter *** also show that in the case of two qubits pure states,the entanglement distance for a state|ψ>coincides with two times the square of the concurrence of this *** propose a generalization of the entanglement distance to continuous variable ***,we apply the proposed geometric approach to the study of the entanglement magnitude and the equivalence classes properties,of three families of states linked to the Greenberger−Horne−Zeilinger states,the Briegel Raussendorf states and the W *** an example of application for the case of a system with continuous variables,we have considered a system of two coupled Glauber coherent states.

关键词： entanglements quantum information entanglement measure

Finding a way to preserve mitochondria: new pathogenic pathways in experimental multiple sclerosis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2019年第1期14卷 77-78页

作者： Andrea Mancini lorenzo Gaetani Lucia Gentili Massimiliano Di Filippo Clinica Neurologica Dipartimento di Medicina Università degli Studi di Perugia

Multiple sclerosis(MS)is a chronic disorder affecting central nervous system(CNS)in which inflammatory and neuro-degenerative features coexist since the earlier phases of the disease(Reich et al.,2018).During last years,attention has been directed toward the possible pathogenic pathways linking these two different features characterizing MS,in order to acquire a better understanding of the disease pathogenesis and to design new disease modifying *** available therapies for MS are primarily

关键词：小径病原硬化多重试验性线粒体保存疾病

Why and When Can Deep-but Not Shallow-networks Avoid the Curse of Dimensionality: A Review

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International Journal of Automation and computing 2017年第5期14卷 503-519页

作者： Tomaso Poggio Hrushikesh Mhaskar lorenzo Rosasco Brando Miranda Qianli Liao Center for Brains Mindsand MachinesMc Govern Institute for Brain ResearchMassachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Mathematics California Institute of Technology Institute of Mathematical Sciences Claremont Graduate University

The paper reviews and extends an emerging body of theoretical results on deep learning including the conditions under which it can be exponentially better than shallow learning. A class of deep convolutional networks represent an important special case of these conditions, though weight sharing is not the main reason for their exponential advantage. Implications of a few key theorems are discussed, together with new results, open problems and conjectures.

关键词： Machine learning neural networks deep and shallow networks convolutional neural networks function approximation deep learning.

Graphene for energy harvesting/storage devices and printed electronics

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Particuology 2012年第1期10卷 1-8页

作者： lorenzo Grande Vishnu Teja Chundi Di Wei Chris Bower Piers Andrew TapaniRyhanen Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge UK Nokia Research Centre 21 I/Thomson Av. Cambridge CB30FA UK

Graphene-based materials are intriguing from the perspective of fundamental science and technol- ogy because they are non-toxic, chemically and thermally tolerant, and mechanically robust. Graphene exhibits superior electrical conductivity, high surface area and a broad electrochemical window that may be particularly advantageous for their applications in energy storage devices. In addition, graphene can be prepared in the form of a colloidal suspension with adjustable solubility and thus is suitable for printing applications and offers both transparency and good conductivity at the same time. In this review, appli- cations of graphene in solar cells, batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells are summarized with the latest developments. Furthermore, graphene as a conductive ink for printed electronics is also discussed.

关键词： GrapheneBatterySupercapacitorFuel cellPhotovoltaicsGraphene inkPrintable electronics

A Review on the Mechanical Behaviour of Bamboo Reinforced Concrete Beams

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第12期10卷 3629-3657页

作者： Usama Sayed Assima Dauletbek Xue Xin Rodolfo lorenzo Haitao Li College of Civil Engineering Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing 210037China Joint International Research Laboratory for Bio-composite Building Materials and Structures Nanjing Forestry UniversityNanjing210037China University College London LondonWC1E 6BTUK

In light of the increasing demand for sustainable building materials,the effectiveness of bamboo utilization in various fields has become the object of scientists'close *** increased interest in bamboo is explained by its sustainable characteristics,which make it the most preferred material for environmentally friendly and cost-effective construction compared to conventional *** of bamboo is vast and diverse:from decora-tion and furniture to structural members and re *** to the low price,rich resources,and high ela sticity,bamboo culms have also been used as an alternative to steel reinforcement in concrete ***-sive research has been done to assess feasibilty of bamboo reinforcement in structural elements made of *** article discusses the mechanical properties of three types of structural bamboo reinforced concrete(BRC)*** original papers on the mechanical behaviour of structural BRC members were studied,and the fundamental properties induding typical failure modes,reasons of failure,load displacement relationships,and influencing factors were discussed and *** and conclusions of the review will contribute to deep understanding of structural feasibility of BRC beams and serve as a base for future research.

关键词： Concrete bamboo bamboo reinforced concrete mechanical behaviour

Sphincteroplasty for anal incontinence

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Gastroenterology Report 2014年第2期2卷 92-97页

作者： lorenzo Carlo Pescatori Mario Pescatori Coloproctology Unit Parioli ClinicRomeItaly

Sphincteroplasty(SP)is the operation most frequently performed in patients suffering from moderate-to-severe anal incontinence(AI)who do not respond to conservative *** costly surgeries,such as artificial bowel sphincter(ABS)and electro-stimulated graciloplasty,have been more or less abandoned due to their high morbidity *** invasive procedures are widely used,such as sacral neuromodulation and injection of bulking agents,but both are costly and the latter may cure only mild *** early outcome of SP is usually good if the sphincters are not markedly denervated,but its effect diminishes over *** is more often performed for post-traumatic than for idiopathic *** may also be associated to the Altemeier procedure,aimed at reducing the recurrence rate of rectal prolapse,and may be useful when AI is due either to injury to the sphincter,or to a narrowed rectum following the procedure for prolapse and haemorrhoids(PPH)and stapled transanal rectal resection(STARR).The outcome of SP is likely to be improved with biological meshes and post-operative pelvic floor *** is more effective in males than in multiparous women,whose sphincters are often denervated,and its post-operative morbidity is *** conclusion,SP,being both low-cost and safe,remains a good option in the treatment of selected patients with AI.

关键词： anal incontinence sphincteroplasty sphincter plication pelvic floor repair